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style='font-family:宋体'>示例。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体'>这里使用了线程，因为</span><span
lang=EN-US>Start()</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>方法不能停下来等待客户，它必须立即返回给调用者</span><span
lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>即</span><span lang=EN-US>SCM)</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>。如果方法没有及时返回给调用者</span><span lang=EN-US>(30</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>秒</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span style='font-family:
宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>SCM</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>就假定启动失败：</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:8.15pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:0cm;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:.0001pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span
lang=EN-US> public void Start()</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
{</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
ReadQuotes();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
listenerThread = new Thread(</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
new ThreadStart(this.Listener));</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
listenerThread.Start();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:8.15pt;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
}</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>线程函数</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:black'>Listener()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;
color:black'>创建一个</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>TcpListener</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>实例。在</span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:black'>AcceptSocket()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;
color:black'>方法中，我们等待客户进行连接。客户一连接，</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>AcceptSocket()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>就返回一个与客户相关联的套接字。我们使用</span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:black'>socket.Send()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>，调用</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:black'>GetRandom QuoteOfTheDay()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>把返回的随机引用发送给客户：</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:8.15pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:0cm;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:.0001pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span
lang=EN-US> protected void Listener()</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
{</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
try</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
{</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
IPAddress ipAddress = Dns.Resolve("localhost").AddressList[0];</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
listener = new TcpListener(ipAddress, port);</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
listener.Start(); </span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
while (true)</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
{</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
Socket socket = listener.AcceptSocket();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
string message = GetRandomQuoteOfTheDay();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
UnicodeEncoding encoder = new UnicodeEncoding();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
byte[] buffer = encoder.GetBytes(message);</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
socket.Send(buffer, buffer.Length, 0);</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
socket.Close();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
}</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
}</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
catch (SocketException e)</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
{</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
}</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:8.15pt;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
}</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><span style='font-family:宋体;
color:black'>除了</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>Start()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>方法之外，还需要有其他的方法来控制服务：</span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:black'>Stop()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>、</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:black'>Suspend()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;
color:black'>和</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>Resume()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>：</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:6.5pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:0cm;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:.0001pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span
lang=EN-US> public void Stop()</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> listener.Stop();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> public void Suspend()</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US>
listenerThread.Suspend();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> public void Resume()</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US>
listenerThread.Resume();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:8.15pt;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
}</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><span style='font-family:宋体;
color:black'>另一个公共方法是</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>RefreshQuotes()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>。如果包含引用的文件发生了变化，就要使用这个方法重新读取文件：</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:6.5pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:0cm;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:.0001pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span
lang=EN-US> public void RefreshQuotes()</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US>
ReadQuotes(); </span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:8.15pt;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>}</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><span style='font-family:宋体'>在服务器上建立服务之前，首先应该建立一个测试程序，这个测试程序要创建</span><span
lang=EN-US>QuoteServer</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>的一个实例，并调用</span><span
lang=EN-US>Start()</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。这样，不需要处理与具体服务相关的问题，就能够测试服务的功能。测试服务器必须手动启动，使用调试程序，很容易调试代码。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><span style='font-family:宋体'>测试程序是一个</span><span
lang=EN-US>C#</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>控制台应用程序</span><span
lang=EN-US>TestQuoteServer</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，我们必须引用</span><span
lang=EN-US>QuoteServer</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>类的程序集。包含引用的文件必须复制到</span><span
lang=EN-US>c:\ProCSharp\Winservices</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>目录中</span><span
lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>或者必须在构造函数中改动参数，以指定在什么地方复制文件</span><span
lang=EN-US>)</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。在调用构造函数之后，就调用</span><span
lang=EN-US>QuoteServer</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>实例的</span><span
lang=EN-US>Start()</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>方法。</span><span
lang=EN-US>Start()</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>在创建线程之后立即返回，因此，在按下</span><span
lang=EN-US>Return</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>按钮之前，控制台应用程序一直处于运行状态。</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:6.5pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:0cm;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:.0001pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span
lang=EN-US> static void Main(string[] args)</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> QuoteServer qs =
new QuoteServer(@"c:\ProCSharp\Services\quotes.txt",</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US>
4567);</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> qs.Start();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US>
Console.WriteLine("Hit return to exit");</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> Console.ReadLine();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:13.5pt'><span
lang=EN-US> qs.Stop();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:8.15pt;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
}</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体'>注意，</span><span lang=EN-US>QuoteServer</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>将运行在使用这个程序的本地主机</span><span lang=EN-US>4567</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>端口上——后面的内容将需要在客户机中使用这些设置。</span></p>
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<h1 id="divCurrentNode2" style="color: #b83507; width: 100%; text-align: left; font-size: 12px; padding-left: 2px">当前章节:<a href='100165798.htm'><font color='red'>32.4.1 使用套接字的类库</font></a></h1>
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<div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165795.htm'>32.2.3 服务配置程序</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165796.htm'>32.3 System.ServiceProcess命名空间</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165797.htm'>32.4 创建Windows服务</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165799.htm'>32.4.2 TcpClient示例</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165800.htm'>32.4.3 Windows服务项目</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165801.htm'>32.4.4 线程和服务</a></div></div>
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