train.txt

Hieu Xuan Phan & Minh Le Nguyen 利用CRF统计模型写的可用于英文命名实体识别、英文分词的工具（开放源码）。CRF模型最早由Lafferty提出

ship NN B-NP
lines NNS I-NP
carrying VBG O
containers NNS B-NP
are VBP O
also RB O
trying VBG O
to TO O
raise VB O
their PRP$ B-NP
rates NNS I-NP
. . O

Carriers NNP B-NP
boosted VBD O
rates NNS B-NP
more JJR B-NP
than IN I-NP
10 CD I-NP
% NN I-NP
in IN O
the DT B-NP
North NNP I-NP
Atlantic NNP I-NP
between IN O
the DT B-NP
U.S. NNP I-NP
and CC O
Europe NNP B-NP
last JJ B-NP
September NNP I-NP
, , O
hoping VBG O
to TO O
partly RB O
restore VB O
rates NNS B-NP
to TO O
earlier JJR B-NP
levels NNS I-NP
. . O

Ship NN B-NP
lines NNS I-NP
operating VBG O
in IN O
the DT B-NP
Pacific NNP I-NP
plan NN O
to TO O
raise VB O
rates NNS B-NP
on IN O
containers NNS B-NP
carrying VBG O
U.S. NNP B-NP
exports NNS I-NP
to TO O
Asia NNP B-NP
about IN B-NP
10 CD I-NP
% NN I-NP
, , O
effective JJ O
next JJ B-NP
April NNP I-NP
. . O

MGM NNP B-NP
Grand NNP I-NP
Inc. NNP I-NP
said VBD O
it PRP B-NP
filed VBD O
a DT B-NP
registration NN I-NP
statement NN I-NP
with IN O
the DT B-NP
Securities NNP I-NP
and CC I-NP
Exchange NNP I-NP
Commission NNP I-NP
for IN O
a DT B-NP
public JJ I-NP
offering NN I-NP
of IN O
six CD B-NP
million CD I-NP
common JJ I-NP
shares NNS I-NP
. . O

The DT B-NP
Beverly NNP I-NP
Hills NNP I-NP
, , I-NP
Calif.-based JJ I-NP
company NN I-NP
said VBD O
it PRP B-NP
would MD O
have VB O
26.9 CD B-NP
million CD I-NP
common JJ I-NP
shares NNS I-NP
outstanding JJ O
after IN O
the DT B-NP
offering NN I-NP
. . O

The DT B-NP
hotel NN I-NP
and CC I-NP
Gaming NNP I-NP
company NN I-NP
said VBD O
Merrill NNP B-NP
Lynch NNP I-NP
Capital NNP I-NP
Markets NNPS I-NP
will MD O
lead VB O
the DT B-NP
underwriters NNS I-NP
. . O

Proceeds NNS B-NP
from IN O
the DT B-NP
sale NN I-NP
will MD O
be VB O
used VBN O
for IN O
remodeling VBG B-NP
and CC I-NP
refurbishing VBG I-NP
projects NNS I-NP
, , O
as RB O
well RB O
as IN O
for IN O
the DT B-NP
planned VBN I-NP
MGM NNP I-NP
Grand NNP I-NP
hotel\/casino NN I-NP
and CC I-NP
theme NN I-NP
park NN I-NP
. . O

Bob NNP B-NP
Stone NNP I-NP
stewed JJ O
over IN O
a DT B-NP
letter NN I-NP
from IN O
his PRP$ B-NP
manager NN I-NP
putting VBG O
him PRP B-NP
on IN O
probation NN B-NP
for IN O
insubordination NN B-NP
. . O

Mr. NNP B-NP
Stone NNP I-NP
thought VBD O
the DT B-NP
discipline NN I-NP
was VBD O
unfair JJ O
; : O
he PRP B-NP
believed VBD O
that IN O
his PRP$ B-NP
manager NN I-NP
wanted VBD O
to TO O
get VB O
rid JJ O
of IN O
him PRP B-NP
for IN O
personal JJ B-NP
reasons NNS I-NP
. . O

Unable JJ O
to TO O
persuade VB O
the DT B-NP
manager NN I-NP
to TO O
change VB O
his PRP$ B-NP
decision NN I-NP
, , O
he PRP B-NP
went VBD O
to TO O
a DT B-NP
`` `` I-NP
company NN I-NP
court NN I-NP
'' '' O
for IN O
a DT B-NP
hearing NN I-NP
. . O

At IN O
the DT B-NP
scheduled VBN I-NP
time NN I-NP
, , O
Mr. NNP B-NP
Stone NNP I-NP
entered VBD O
a DT B-NP
conference NN I-NP
room NN I-NP
in IN O
a DT B-NP
building NN I-NP
near IN O
where WRB O
he PRP B-NP
worked VBD O
. . O

After IN O
the DT B-NP
three CD I-NP
members NNS I-NP
of IN O
the DT B-NP
court NN I-NP
introduced VBD O
themselves PRP B-NP
, , O
the DT B-NP
chairman NN I-NP
of IN O
the DT B-NP
panel NN I-NP
said VBD O
: : O
`` `` O
Go VB O
ahead RB O
and CC O
tell VB O
us PRP B-NP
what WP B-NP
happened VBD O
. . O

We PRP B-NP
may MD O
ask VB O
questions NNS B-NP
as IN O
you PRP B-NP
go VBP O
along IN O
, , O
or CC O
we PRP B-NP
may MD O
wait VB O
until IN O
the DT B-NP
end NN I-NP
. . O
'' '' O

No DT B-NP
lawyers NNS I-NP
or CC I-NP
tape NN I-NP
recorders NNS I-NP
were VBD O
present JJ O
. . O

The DT B-NP
only RB I-NP
extra JJ I-NP
people NNS I-NP
were VBD O
a DT B-NP
couple NN I-NP
of IN O
personnel NNS B-NP
specialists NNS I-NP
, , O
one CD B-NP
of IN O
whom WP B-NP
knew VBD O
Mr. NNP B-NP
Stone NNP I-NP
's POS B-NP
case NN I-NP
intimately RB O
and CC O
would MD O
help VB O
fill VB O
in IN O
any DT B-NP
facts NNS I-NP
needed VBN O
to TO O
give VB O
the DT B-NP
court NN I-NP
the DT B-NP
full JJ I-NP
picture NN I-NP
. . O

Over IN O
a DT B-NP
cup NN I-NP
of IN O
coffee NN B-NP
, , O
Mr. NNP B-NP
Stone NNP I-NP
told VBD O
his PRP$ B-NP
story NN I-NP
. . O

He PRP B-NP
talked VBD O
about IN B-NP
20 CD I-NP
minutes NNS I-NP
. . O

When WRB O
he PRP B-NP
was VBD O
through IN O
, , O
the DT B-NP
court NN I-NP
members NNS I-NP
asked VBD O
many JJ B-NP
questions NNS I-NP
, , O
then RB O
the DT B-NP
chairman NN I-NP
said VBD O
they PRP B-NP
would MD O
like VB O
to TO O
hear VB O
his PRP$ B-NP
manager NN I-NP
's POS B-NP
side NN I-NP
and CC O
talk VB O
to TO O
witnesses NNS B-NP
. . O

The DT B-NP
chairman NN I-NP
promised VBD O
Mr. NNP B-NP
Stone NNP I-NP
a DT B-NP
decision NN I-NP
within IN O
two CD B-NP
weeks NNS I-NP
. . O

Bob NNP B-NP
Stone NNP I-NP
is VBZ O
a DT B-NP
fictional JJ I-NP
name NN I-NP
, , O
but CC O
the DT B-NP
incident NN I-NP
described VBN O
is VBZ O
real JJ O
. . O

It PRP B-NP
happened VBD O
at IN O
Northrop NNP B-NP
Corp. NNP I-NP
in IN O
Los NNP B-NP
Angeles NNP I-NP
. . O

The DT B-NP
court NN I-NP
is VBZ O
called VBN O
the DT B-NP
Management NNP I-NP
Appeals NNP I-NP
Committee NNP I-NP
, , O
or CC O
just RB B-NP
`` `` I-NP
MAC NNP I-NP
, , O
'' '' O
and CC O
it PRP B-NP
is VBZ O
likely JJ O
to TO O
hear VB O
a DT B-NP
couple NN I-NP
of IN I-NP
dozen NN I-NP
cases VBZ I-NP
a DT B-NP
year NN I-NP
. . O

Alter VB O
some DT B-NP
details NNS I-NP
of IN O
this DT B-NP
example NN I-NP
and CC O
it PRP B-NP
could MD O
be VB O
taking VBG O
place NN B-NP
today NN O
at IN O
Federal NNP B-NP
Express NNP I-NP
in IN O
Memphis NNP B-NP
, , O
the DT B-NP
Defense NNP I-NP
and CC I-NP
Underseas NNP I-NP
Systems NNP I-NP
divisions NNS I-NP
of IN O
Honeywell NNP B-NP
in IN O
Minneapolis NNP B-NP
, , O
a DT B-NP
General NNP I-NP
Electric NNP I-NP
plant NN I-NP
in IN O
Columbia NNP B-NP
, , O
Md. NNP B-NP
, , O
or CC O
a DT B-NP
number NN I-NP
of IN O
other JJ B-NP
companies NNS I-NP
. . O

These DT B-NP
firms NNS I-NP
are VBP O
pioneers NNS B-NP
in IN O
a DT B-NP
significant JJ I-NP
new JJ I-NP
trend NN I-NP
in IN O
the DT B-NP
corporate JJ I-NP
world NN I-NP
: : O
the DT B-NP
rise NN I-NP
of IN O
what WP B-NP
I PRP B-NP
call VBP O
corporate JJ B-NP
due JJ I-NP
process NN I-NP
. . O

Although IN O
corporate JJ B-NP
due JJ I-NP
process NN I-NP
is VBZ O
practiced VBN O
today NN B-NP
in IN O
few JJ B-NP
companies NNS I-NP
-- : O
perhaps RB O
40 CD B-NP
to TO I-NP
60 CD I-NP
-- : O
it PRP B-NP
is VBZ O
one CD B-NP
of IN O
the DT B-NP
fastest JJS I-NP
developing VBG I-NP
trends NNS I-NP
in IN O
industry NN B-NP
. . O

In IN O
the DT B-NP
coming VBG I-NP
decade NN I-NP
a DT B-NP
majority NN I-NP
of IN O
people-oriented JJ B-NP
companies NNS I-NP
are VBP O
likely JJ O
to TO O
adopt VB O
it PRP B-NP
. . O

Corporate JJ B-NP
due JJ I-NP
process NN I-NP
appeals NNS O
to TO O
management NN B-NP
for IN O
a DT B-NP
variety NN I-NP
of IN O
reasons NNS B-NP
. . O

It PRP B-NP
reduces VBZ O
lawsuits NNS B-NP
from IN O
disgruntled JJ B-NP
employees NNS I-NP
and CC I-NP
ex-employees NNS I-NP
, , O
with IN O
all DT B-NP
that WDT B-NP
means VBZ O
for IN O
reduced VBN B-NP
legal JJ I-NP
costs NNS I-NP
and CC O
better RBR B-NP
public JJ I-NP
relations NNS I-NP
. . O

It PRP B-NP
helps VBZ O
to TO O
keep VB O
out IN O
unions NNS B-NP
. . O

It PRP B-NP
increases VBZ O
employee NN B-NP
commitment NN I-NP
to TO O
the DT B-NP
company NN I-NP
, , O
with IN O
all DT B-NP
that WDT B-NP
means VBZ O
for IN O
efficiency NN B-NP
and CC O
quality NN B-NP
control NN I-NP
. . O

What WP B-NP
must MD O
your PRP$ B-NP
management NN I-NP
team NN I-NP
do VBP O
to TO O
establish VB O
corporate JJ B-NP
due JJ I-NP
process NN I-NP
? . O

Here RB O
are VBP O
four CD B-NP
key JJ I-NP
steps NNS I-NP
: : O

1 CD O
. . O
Make VB O
sure JJ O
you PRP B-NP
have VBP O
a DT B-NP
strong JJ I-NP
personnel NNS I-NP
department NN I-NP
. . O

It PRP B-NP
must MD O
be VB O
able JJ O
to TO O
handle VB O
most RBS B-NP
of IN O
the DT B-NP
complaints NNS I-NP
that WDT B-NP
can MD O
not RB O
be VB O
solved VBN O
in IN O
the DT B-NP
trenches NNS I-NP
by IN O
managers NNS B-NP
and CC O
their PRP$ B-NP
subordinates NNS I-NP
, , O
else RB O
the DT B-NP
company NN I-NP
court NN I-NP
or CC I-NP
adjudicators NNS I-NP
will MD O
be VB O
inundated VBN O
with IN O
cases NNS B-NP
. . O

At IN O
Polaroid NNP B-NP
, , O
the DT B-NP
Personnel NNP I-NP
Policy NNP I-NP
Planning NNP I-NP
Committee NNP I-NP
may MD O
hear VB O
only RB B-NP
about IN I-NP
20 CD I-NP
cases VBZ I-NP
a DT B-NP
year NN I-NP
; : O
the DT B-NP
rest NN I-NP
of IN O
the DT B-NP
many JJ I-NP
hundreds NNS I-NP
of IN O
complaints NNS B-NP
are VBP O
resolved VBN O
at IN O
earlier JJR B-NP
stages NNS I-NP
. . O

At IN O
TWA NNP B-NP
, , O
the DT B-NP
System NNP I-NP
Board NNP I-NP
of IN O
Adjustment NNP B-NP
hears VBZ O
50 CD B-NP
to TO I-NP
75 CD I-NP
cases VBZ I-NP
a DT B-NP
year NN I-NP
, , O
only RB B-NP
a DT I-NP
fraction NN I-NP
of IN O
the DT B-NP
complaints NNS I-NP
brought VBN O
to TO O
personnel NNS B-NP
specialists NNS I-NP
. . O

At IN O
Citicorp NNP B-NP
, , O
the DT B-NP
Problem NNP I-NP
Review NNP I-NP
Board NNP I-NP
may MD O
hear VB O
only RB B-NP
12 CD I-NP
or CC I-NP
so RB I-NP
cases VBZ I-NP
because IN O
of IN O
personnel NNS B-NP
's POS B-NP
skill NN I-NP
in IN O
complaint-resolution NN B-NP
. . O

In IN O
a DT B-NP
typical JJ I-NP
year NN I-NP
, , O
up IN B-NP
to TO I-NP
20 CD I-NP
% NN I-NP
of IN O
the DT B-NP
work NN I-NP
force NN I-NP
goes VBZ O
to TO O
personnel NNS B-NP
specialists NNS I-NP
with IN O
complaints NNS B-NP
of IN O
unfair JJ B-NP
treatment NN I-NP
. . O

In IN O
a DT B-NP
large JJ I-NP
company NN I-NP
that WDT B-NP
means VBZ O
many JJ B-NP
hundreds NNS I-NP
of IN O
complaints NNS B-NP
for IN O
personnel NNS B-NP
to TO O
handle VB O
. . O

2 CD O
. . O
Formally RB O
or CC O
informally RB O
, , O
train NN O
all DT B-NP
your PRP$ I-NP
managers NNS I-NP
and CC I-NP
supervisors NNS I-NP
in IN O
the DT B-NP
company NN I-NP
's POS B-NP
due-process NN I-NP
approach NN I-NP
. . O

See VB O
that IN O
they PRP B-NP
know VBP O
company NN B-NP
personnel NNS I-NP
policy NN I-NP
backwards RB O
and CC O
forwards RB O
, , O
for IN O
it PRP B-NP
is VBZ O
the DT B-NP
`` `` I-NP
law NN I-NP
'' '' O
governing VBG O
company NN B-NP
courts NNS I-NP
and CC I-NP
adjudicators NNS I-NP
. . O

Coach NNP O
them PRP B-NP
in IN O
handling NN O
complaints NNS B-NP
so RB O
that IN O
they PRP B-NP
can MD O
resolve VB O
problems NNS B-NP
immediately RB O
. . O

In IN O
case NN O
managers NNS B-NP
and CC O
personnel NNS B-NP
specialists NNS I-NP
are VBP O
unsuccessful JJ O
and CC O
subordinates NNS B-NP
take VBP O
their PRP$ B-NP
complaints NNS I-NP
to TO O
a DT B-NP
company NN I-NP
court NN I-NP
or CC I-NP
adjudicator NN I-NP
, , O
teach VB O
managers NNS B-NP
to TO O
accept VB O
reversals NNS B-NP
as IN O
a DT B-NP
fact NN I-NP
of IN O
business NN B-NP
life NN I-NP
, , O
for IN O
in IN O
a DT B-NP
good JJ I-NP
due-process NN I-NP
system NN I-NP
they PRP B-NP
are VBP O
bound VBN O
to TO O
happen VB O
. . O

In IN O
the DT B-NP
15 CD I-NP
companies NNS I-NP
I PRP B-NP
studied VBD O
, , O
reversal NN B-NP
rates NNS I-NP
range VBP O
on IN O
the DT B-NP
average NN I-NP
from IN O
20 CD B-NP
% NN I-NP
to TO O
40 CD B-NP
% NN I-NP
. . O

3 CD O
. . O
Decide VB O
whether IN O
you PRP B-NP
want VBP O
a DT B-NP
panel NN I-NP
system NN I-NP
or CC O
a DT B-NP
single JJ I-NP
adjudicator NN I-NP
. . O

A DT B-NP
panel NN I-NP
system NN I-NP
like IN O
that DT B-NP
in NN O
the DT B-NP
Bob NNP I-NP
Stone NNP I-NP
example NN I-NP
enjoys VBZ O
such JJ B-NP
advantages NNS I-NP
as IN O
high JJ B-NP
credibility NN I-NP
and CC O
, , O
for IN O
the DT B-NP
panelists NNS I-NP
, , O
mutual JJ B-NP
support NN I-NP
. . O

An DT B-NP
adjudicator NN I-NP
system NN I-NP
-- : O
that DT O
is VBZ O
, , O
an DT B-NP
investigator NN I-NP
who WP B-NP
acts VBZ O
first JJ O
as IN O
a DT B-NP
fact-finder NN I-NP
and CC O
then RB O
switches VBZ O
hats NNS B-NP
and CC O
arbitrates VBZ O
the DT B-NP
facts NNS I-NP
-- : O
has VBZ O
such JJ B-NP
advantages NNS I-NP
as IN O
speed NN B-NP
, , O
flexibility NN B-NP
and CC O
maximum JJ B-NP
privacy NN I-NP
. . O

International NNP B-NP
Business NNP I-NP
Machines NNPS I-NP
and CC O
Bank NNP B-NP
of IN O
America NNP B-NP
are VBP O
among IN O
the DT B-NP
companies NNS I-NP
using VBG O
the DT B-NP
single-adjudicator JJ I-NP
approach NN I-NP
. . O

4 CD O
. . O
Make VB O
your PRP$ B-NP
due-process NN I-NP
system NN I-NP
visible JJ O
. . O

It PRP B-NP
wo MD O
n't RB O
do VB O
any DT B-NP
good NN I-NP
for IN O
anybody NN B-NP
unless IN O
employees NNS B-NP
know VBP O
about IN O
it PRP B-NP
. . O

Most JJS B-NP
managements NNS I-NP
hesitate VBP O
to TO O
go VB O
all DT O
out NN O
in IN O
advertising VBG O
their PRP$ B-NP
due-process NN I-NP
systems NNS I-NP
for IN O
fear NN B-NP
of IN O
encouraging VBG O
cranks NNS B-NP
and CC O
chronic JJ B-NP
soreheads NNS I-NP
to TO O
file VB O
complaints NNS B-NP
. . O

On IN O
the DT B-NP
other JJ I-NP
hand NN I-NP
, , O
they PRP B-NP
make VBP O