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<div class=Section1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><a name="_top"></a><b><span
style='font-size:26.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#993366'>实验</span></b><b><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:55.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:#993366'>7</span></i><span lang=EN-US
style='color:#993366'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=729 height=46
src="7-2.files/image002.jpg" align=left hspace=12 v:shapes="_x0000_s1609"><![endif]><b><span
style='font-size:24.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:navy'>文件系统</span></b><b><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体;
color:navy'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<h2><a name="_Toc16587483"></a><a name="_Toc45735540"></a><a name="_Toc38471885"><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc45735540'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>7.2<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Linux文件信息命令和基本文件管理</span></span></span></a><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></h2>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US>(</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>实验估计时间：</span><span
lang=EN-US>120</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>分钟</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US> </span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;
mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>Ø<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]></span><a href="#_背景知识"><span style='mso-bookmark:
_Toc16587483'><b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>背景知识</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;
mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>Ø<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]></span><a href="#_实验目的"><span style='mso-bookmark:
_Toc16587483'><b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>实验目的</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;
mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>Ø<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]></span><a href="#_工具/准备工作"><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>工具</span><span
lang=EN-US>/</span></b></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>准备工作</span></b></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></a><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;
mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>Ø<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]></span><a href="#_实验内容与步骤"><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>实验内容与步骤</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US> </span></span></p>
<h3><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><a name="_Toc38471886"></a><a
name="_Toc45735541"></a><a name="_背景知识"></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc38471886'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc45735541'>背景知识</span></span></span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在本实验中，我们将使用不同的信息命令，来调查和发现文件的信息；使用命令来帮助确定文件类型和创建文件的应用；也可以使用几个命令来查看文本文件的内容和对它们进行比较。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>作为基础，使用命令来分析和管理文件及目录的能力对于进一步学习</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>操作系统是非常重要的。</span><span
lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>特权用户和系统管理员必须有使用命令行的工作背景，例如创建可执行的脚本文件等</span><span
lang=EN-US> (Linux</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>脚本文件包含着一系列的</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>命令</span><span
lang=EN-US>) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>。许多操作系统管理和设备配置作业需要理解</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>命令，并且在某些情况下，命令行是仅有的操作方式。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在本实验中，我们将在命令行下使用文件管理命令工作，介绍文件和目录命名规则。我们将创建一个简单的目录结构，然后在那些目录中创建一个文件，并练习创建和删除文件和目录。</span></span><a
href="#_top"><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US
style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:45pt;height:17.25pt'>
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style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></p>
<h3><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><a name="_Toc38471887"></a><a
name="_Toc45735542"></a><a name="_实验目的"></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc38471887'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc45735542'>实验目的</span></span></span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>通过本实验：</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>1) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用控制字符执行特殊功能；</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>2) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用</span><span lang=EN-US>file</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>和</span><span
lang=EN-US>strings</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>命令确定文件类型；</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>3) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用</span><span lang=EN-US>cat</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>利</span><span
lang=EN-US>more</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>命令显示文本文件的内容；</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>4) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
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