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tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Ø<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span><![endif]></span><a href="#_背景知识"><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>背景知识</span></b></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></a><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Ø<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span><![endif]></span><a href="#_实验目的"><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>实验目的</span></b></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></a><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Ø<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span><![endif]></span><a href="#_工具/准备工作"><span style='mso-bookmark:
_Toc16587483'><b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>工具</span><span lang=EN-US>/</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>准备工作</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Ø<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span><![endif]></span><a href="#_实验内容与步骤"><span style='mso-bookmark:
_Toc16587483'><b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>实验内容与步骤</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US> </span></span></p>
<h3><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><a name="_Toc45766652"></a><a
name="_Toc36437027"></a><a name="_背景知识"></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc45766652'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc36437027'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:宋体'>背景知识</span></span></span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-family:
宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>本实验帮助回顾</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows 2000/XP</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>、</span><span
lang=EN-US>UNIX</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>的计算环境术语，加深理解有关操作系统的基础概念。学生还将调查在学校或其他机构中</span><span
lang=EN-US>Windows</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>和</span><span
lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>的使用情况，看哪些机构在使用</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>、</span><span
lang=EN-US>UNIX</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>或者</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>系统；研究</span><span
lang=EN-US>Web</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>站点，看哪些因特网网站</span><span lang=EN-US> (</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>尤其是简体中文网站</span><span
lang=EN-US>) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>分别支持着</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>、</span><span
lang=EN-US>UNIX</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>操作系统的应用。</span></span><a
href="#_top"><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US
style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:45pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="./2-1.files/image003.gif" o:title="02"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=60 height=23
src="./2-1.files/image003.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025"><![endif]></span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></p>
<h3><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><a name="_Toc45766653"></a><a
name="_Toc36437028"></a><a name="_实验目的"></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc45766653'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc36437028'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:宋体'>实验目的</span></span></span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-family:
宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>通过实验，加深对以下内容的理解：</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>1) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>基本的计算机硬件组件；</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>2) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>计算机操作系统；</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>3) Windows</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>的发展和版本</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>4) UNIX</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>的历史和版本；</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>5) Windows 2000</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>或</span><span
lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>操作环境。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>调查在机构、学校和学生中</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>、</span><span
lang=EN-US>UNIX</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>操作系统的使用情况。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>分别研究支持</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>和</span><span
lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>的</span><span lang=EN-US>Web</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>站点。</span></span><a
href="#_top"><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US
style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:45pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="./2-1.files/image003.gif" o:title="02"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=60 height=23
src="./2-1.files/image003.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026"><![endif]></span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></p>
<h3><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><a name="_Toc45766654"></a><a
name="_Toc36437029"></a><a name="_工具/准备工作"></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc45766654'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc36437029'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:宋体'>工具<span
lang=EN-US>/准备工作</span></span></span></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:
_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在开始本实验之前，请回顾教科书的相关内容。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>请联系指导老师或者熟识网络技术的人士，如学校或企业信息技术部门的职员，了解你所在的学校</span><span
lang=EN-US> (</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>或者其他机构</span><span lang=EN-US>) </span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>中使用了哪些服务器和网络操作系统，找出是否在用</span><span
lang=EN-US>Windows NT/2000/XP</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>和</span><span
lang=EN-US>Linux</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>以及在哪里使用这些操作系统。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>需要准备一台带有浏览器，能够访问因特网的计算机。</span></span><a href="#_top"><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US style='text-decoration:none;
text-underline:none'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:45pt;height:17.25pt'>
<v:imagedata src="./2-1.files/image003.gif" o:title="02"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=60 height=23
src="./2-1.files/image003.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027"><![endif]></span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span></p>
<h3><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><a name="_Toc45766655"></a><a
name="_Toc36437030"></a><a name="_实验内容与步骤"></a><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc45766655'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc36437030'><span style='mso-bidi-font-family:宋体'>实验内容与步骤</span></span></span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-family:
宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>(1) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>识别一台计算机的</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>个主要硬件组成部分。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>1)
__________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>2)
__________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>3)
__________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>4)
__________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US> </span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>(2) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在空格中，填写</span><span lang=EN-US>3</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>个概念中的一个：内核、</span><span
lang=EN-US>shell</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>或者文件系统。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>1) ________________ </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>表现为用户界面，把用户的需求翻译为系统活动。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>2) ________________ </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在用户之间管理和分配资源。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
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