📄 6-3.htm
字号:
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>显示当前进程。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-tab-count:2'> </span>data</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>：</span><span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>显示或设置系统日期和时间。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-tab-count:2'> </span>grep</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>：</span><span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>查找文件中有无指定的关键字。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US> </span></span></p>
<div align=center>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0
style='margin-left:5.35pt;border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-border-alt:
solid windowtext .5pt;mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
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solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.2pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.75pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:
_Toc16587483'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:黑体;color:red'>提示</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:red'>：</span></b></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>如果对命令的格式不清楚，可以用</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt'>man</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>命令请求帮助，即：</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:36.65pt;mso-char-indent-count:4.07;
mso-char-indent-size:9pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt'>man<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>more<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'></span>
</tr>
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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US> </span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:楷体_GB2312;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>步骤</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-font-family:楷体_GB2312'>1</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>：开机，登录进入</span><span
lang=EN-US>GNOME</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在</span><span lang=EN-US>GNOME</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>登录框中填写指导老师分配的用户名和口令并登录。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:楷体_GB2312;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>步骤</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-font-family:楷体_GB2312'>2</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>：访问命令行。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>单击红帽子，在“</span><span lang=EN-US>GNOME</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>帮助”菜单中单击“系统工具”</span><span
lang=EN-US>-</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>“终端”命令，打开终端窗口。</span></span></p>
<h4><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><a name="_1._使用重定向标准输出符号"></a><span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>1. 使用重定向标准输出符号</span></span></h4>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:楷体_GB2312;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>步骤</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-font-family:楷体_GB2312'>3</span></b></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>：重定向标准输出，创建一个文件。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>右尖括号或称大于符号</span><span lang=EN-US> (>) </span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>把命令的输出发送到一个文件中：使用单个右尖括号，当指定文件名不存在的时候，将创建一个新文件；如果文件名存在，它将被覆盖。</span><span
lang=EN-US>(</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>注意：命令、重定向符号和文件名之间的空格是可选的</span><span lang=EN-US>) </span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>重定向标准输出命令的格式是：</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>command >
file</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>1) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>为核实当前所在目录位置，使用什么命令？</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>____________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>如果当前位置不在主目录中，使用什么命令可以改变到主目录中？</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>____________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>2) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>如果希望把文件和目录列表截获，存储为主目录中的一个文件，这样可以追踪主目录中有什么文件。使用什么命令，把长文件列表的输出重定向，创建一个叫做</span><span
lang=EN-US>homedir.list</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>的文件。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>____________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>3) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>新文件</span><span lang=EN-US>homedir.list</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>被放在哪里？</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>____________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用</span><span lang=EN-US>ls</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>命令核实新文件存在。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>4) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用什么命令，以一次一屏的方式，来查看刚才创建的文件内容？</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>____________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>5) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用</span><span lang=EN-US>head</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>命令截获</span><span
lang=EN-US>homedir.list</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>文件的前</span><span lang=EN-US>10</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>行，通过重定向，创建一个叫做</span><span
lang=EN-US>dhomedir.list-top-10</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>的新文件。应该使用什么命令？</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>____________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用</span><span lang=EN-US>more</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>命令查看文件的内容。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>6) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用</span><span lang=EN-US>tail</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>命令，截获</span><span
lang=EN-US>homedir.list</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>文件的最后</span><span lang=EN-US>10</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>行，通过重定向，创建一个叫做</span><span
lang=EN-US>dhomedir.list-top-10</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>的新文件。使用什么命令？</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>____________________________________________________________________</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用</span><span lang=EN-US>more</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>命令查看文件的内容。</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt'><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
lang=EN-US>7) </span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>截获</span><span lang=EN-US>cal -y</span></span><span
style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>命令的输出，把它存到名为</span><span
lang=EN-US>calendar</span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:_Toc16587483'><span
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