📄 2_3_2.htm
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<title>绘制三维曲面</title>
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<body lang=ZH-CN link=blue vlink=purple style='tab-interval:21.0pt;text-justify-trim:
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<div class=Section1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
style='font-size:26.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:blue'>绘制三维曲面</span></b><b><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:26.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center>
</span></div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'> <span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
Wingdings'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'>Mesh(z)语句给出矩阵Z元素的三消隐图，</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:宋体'>surf和mesh的用法相似。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?x=-2:0.01:2;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?[x,y]=meshgrid(x,x);</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt'> </span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:blue'>%x和y都是401x401的矩阵</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?r=sqrt(x.^2+x.^2)+eps;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?z=sinc(r);<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?subplot(2,1,1);<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?mesh(z);<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?subplot(2,1,2);<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?surf(x,y,z);</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'> <img width=554 height=415
src="./2_3_2/image002.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1029"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
Wingdings'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span> <span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
宋体'>为了方便测试立体绘图，<span lang=EN-US>MATLAB提供了一个peaks函数，可产生一个凹凸有致的曲面，包 含了三个局部极大点及三个局部极小点，
要画出此函数的最快方法即是直接键入peaks：</span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?mesh(peaks);<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'> <img width=554 height=415
src="./2_3_2/image004.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1030"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?[x,y,z]
=peaks; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?subplot(2,2,1);<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?meshz(x,y,z);
%</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:blue'>曲面加上围裙</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?axis([-inf
inf -inf inf -inf inf]); <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?subplot(2,2,2);<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?waterfall(x,y,z);
</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:blue'>在<span
lang=EN-US>x方向产生水流效果</span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;
color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?axis([-inf
inf -inf inf -inf inf]); <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?subplot(2,2,3);<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?meshc(x,y,z);
%</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:blue'>同时画出网状图与等高线</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?axis([-inf
inf -inf inf -inf inf]); <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?subplot(2,2,4);<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?surfc(x,y,z);
%</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:blue'>同时画出曲面图与等高线：</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?axis([-inf
inf -inf inf -inf inf]);</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'> <img width=554 height=415
src="./2_3_2/image006.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1031"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?subplot(2,2,1)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?contour3(peaks,50);
%</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#3333FF'>画出曲面在三度空间中的等高线</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?axis([-inf
inf -inf inf -inf inf]); <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?subplot(2,2,2)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US>?contour(peaks, 50); %</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt'>画出曲面等高线在<span lang=EN-US>XY平面的投影</span></span><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US>?subplot(2,2,3)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?t=linspace(0,20*pi,
501); <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?plot3(t.*sin(t),
t.*cos(t), t);%</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue'> </span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:blue'>画出三度空间中的曲线</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?subplot(2,2,4)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?plot3(t.*sin(t),
t.*cos(t), t, t.*sin(t), t.*cos(t), -t);%</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:blue'>同时画出两条三度空间中的曲线</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'> <img width=554 height=415
src="./2_3_2/image008.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1032"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>?[X0,Y0,Z0]=sphere(30);<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>%产生单位球面的三维坐标<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>X=2*X0;Y=2*Y0;Z=2*Z0;<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>%产生半径为2的球面的三维坐标<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>clf,surf(X0,Y0,Z0);<span
style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span>%画单位球面<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>shading
interp<span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">
</span>%采用插补明暗处理<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>hold
on,mesh(X,Y,Z),colormap(hot),hold off<span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span>%采用hot色图<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>hidden
off<span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>%产生透视效果<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;color:blue'>axis
equal,axis off<span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span>%不显示坐标轴<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'> <img width=554 height=415
src="./2_3_2/image010.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1033"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center>
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