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<title>矩阵的产生</title>
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<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
style='font-size:26.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:blue'>矩阵的产生</span></b><b><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:26.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo2;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'> <span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
12.0pt;color:black'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:black'>简易阵列</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:
-2.0;mso-char-indent-size:12.0pt;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span
lang=EN-US>MATLAB</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>的运算事实上是以阵列</span><span lang=EN-US>
(array) </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>及矩阵</span><span lang=EN-US> (matrix) </span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>方式在做运算，而这二者在</span><span lang=EN-US>MATLAB</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>的基本运算性质不</span> <span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>同，阵列强调元素对元素的运算，而矩阵则采用线性代数的运算方式。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:2.0gd'><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>而宣告一变数为阵列或是矩阵时，如果是要个别键入元素，须用中括号</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:red'>[ ] </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>将元素置于其中。阵列为一维元素</span>
<span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>所构成，而矩阵为多维元素所组成，例如</span> </p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:2.0gd'><span lang=EN-US style='color:
blue;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>» x=[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8]</span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:blue'> ;% </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:blue'>一维</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:blue'> 1x8 </span><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:blue'>阵列</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:2.0gd'><span lang=EN-US style='color:
blue'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:2.0gd'><span lang=EN-US style='color:
blue'>» x = [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8; 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11] ; % </span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:blue'>二维</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'> 2x8
</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:blue'>矩阵，以</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>;</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:blue'>区隔各列的元素</span><span
style='color:blue'> </span><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue;mso-font-kerning:
0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>» x = [</span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:blue'>1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'> % 二维 2x8 矩阵，各列的元素分二行键入<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
12.0pt;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
color:blue'>] ;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>» x(3)%</span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:red'> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;color:blue'>x的第三个元素<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>ans =<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>2<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>» x([1 2 5])% x的第一、二、五个元素<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>ans =<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>4<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>3<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>x(1:5)% x的第前五个元素<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>ans =<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>4<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>2<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span>5<span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span>3<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>» x(10:end)% x的第十个元素后的元素<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>ans =<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>8<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>6<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>9<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>7<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>10<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>8<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>11<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>» x(10:-1:2)% x的第十个元素和第二个元素的倒排<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>ans =<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>8<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>5<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>7<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>4<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>6<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>3<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>5<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>2<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>4<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>» x(find(x>5))% x中大于5的元素<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>ans =<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
10.5pt;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>6<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
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