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<title>MATLAB 基本运算</title>
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<p align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
36.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>MATLAB工作环境</span></b><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:36.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'> <span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l1 level2 lfo2;tab-stops:list 42.0pt'> <span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span>运行<span lang=EN-US>MATLAB的可执行文件，自动创建MATLAB5.3指令窗（Command
Window）。这种指令窗如图所示：</span></p>
<p style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span lang=EN-US>
<img width=554 height=415
src="2/image002.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026"></span></p>
<p style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;
text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:list 21.0pt'> <span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span>而在它的功能选单一共有<b><span lang=EN-US>File</span></b><span
lang=EN-US>,<b>Edit</b>, <b>Options, Windows, Help</b>五个主要功能，每 一个之下各又有下一层的功能</span></p>
<p style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;
text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:list 21.0pt'> <span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span>说明：我所作的原程序有<span lang=EN-US>Win98和Win2000下运行的，出现的提示号有可能不同。</span></p>
<p style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;
text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span> 如果你是个初学者，可以在指令窗键入<span lang=EN-US>demo，这可是学习的好帮手。</span></p>
<p style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span lang=EN-US
style='color:blue'>?demo</span></p>
<p style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span lang=EN-US>
<img width=554 height=415
src="2/image004.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027" border="0"> </span></p>
<p style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;
text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo6;tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span> 一旦发现指令不知如何使用时，<span lang=EN-US>help命令将告诉你使用。例：</span></p>
<p style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span lang=EN-US
style='color:blue'>?help sin</span></p>
<p style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span lang=EN-US
style='color:blue'><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>SIN<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Sine.</span></p>
<p style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span lang=EN-US
style='color:blue'><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>SIN(X) is the sine of the elements of X.</span></p>
<p style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span lang=EN-US
style='color:blue'><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Overloaded
methods</span></p>
<p style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph'><span lang=EN-US
style='color:blue'><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>help sym/sin.m</span></p>
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<![endif]>
<span
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<p style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo6;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'> <span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:Wingdings'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span>在<span lang=EN-US>MATLAB下进行基本数学运算，只需将运算式直接打入提示号（>>）(但在win98下没有，而在Win2000下为？，这一点请大家学习是注意一下）之後，并按入Enter键即可。例如：</span></p>
<p><span lang=EN-US style='color:#3333FF'>(10*19+2/4-34)/2*3</span></p>
<p><span lang=EN-US style='color:#3333FF'>ans</span></p>
<p><span lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9999'>= 234.7500 </span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:#3333FF'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
12.0pt;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span lang=EN-US>MATLAB会将运算结果直接存入一变数ans，代表MATLAB运算後的答案，并显示其数值屏幕上。<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
12.0pt;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'>如果在上述的例子结尾加上<span lang=EN-US>”<span
style='color:red'>;</span><span style='color:black'>”</span>，则计算结果不会显示在指令视窗上，要得知计算值只须键入<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
12.0pt;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'>该变数值即可</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:
inter-ideograph;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo8;
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style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;
mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span><span lang=EN-US>MATLAB可以将计算结果以不同的精确度的数字格式显示，我们可以在指令视窗上的功能选单上的<b>Options</b></span><b><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-font-kerning:1.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;
text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:12.0pt;
mso-pagination:none;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'>下 选 <b><span lang=EN-US>Numerical
Format</span></b>，或者直接在指令视窗键入以下的各个数字显示格式的指令。<span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-font-kerning:1.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;
text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:12.0pt;
mso-pagination:none;mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=EN-US>» format
short (这是默认的)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0gd;text-align:justify;text-justify:
inter-ideograph;text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-char-indent-size:
12.0pt;mso-pagination:none;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span lang=EN-US>MATLAB利用了↑↓二个游标键可以将所下过的指令叫回来重覆使用。按下↑则前一次指令重新出现，之后再
按<b>Enter</b>键，即再执行前一次的指令。而↓键的功用则是往后执行指令。其它在键盘上的几个键如→←, <b>Delete</b>, <b>Insert</b>，其功能则显而易见，试用即知无须多加说明。当要暂时执行作业系统（例如Dos）的指令而还要执行MATLAB，可以利用!加上原作业系统的指令，例如
<span style='color:red'>!dir, !format a:</span>。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:
inter-ideograph;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo10;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:Wingdings'>l<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span> <b><span lang=EN-US>Ctrl-C</span></b>（即同时按<b><span
lang=EN-US>Ctrl</span></b>及<b><span lang=EN-US>C</span></b>二个键）可以用来中止执行中的<span
lang=EN-US>MATLAB的工作。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:
inter-ideograph;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-pagination:none;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo12;
tab-stops:list 21.0pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings'>l<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span> <span style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'>有三种方法可以结束<span lang=EN-US>MATLAB</span></span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:2.0gd;text-align:justify;text-justify:
inter-ideograph;mso-pagination:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>1.exit <br>
2.quit <br>
3.直接关闭MATLAB的命令视窗（Command window）</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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