📄 relnotes-alpha.txt
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they did previously. [MERGED]
The kernel dump device can now be set via the dumpdev loader tunable. As a
result, it is now possible to obtain crash dumps from panics during the
late stages of kernel initialization (before the system enters into
single-user mode). [MERGED]
The kernel memory allocator is now a slab memory allocator, similar to
that used in Solaris. This is a SMP-safe memory allocator that has
near-linear performance as the number of CPUs increases. It also allows
for reduced memory fragmentation.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1.1 Processor/Motherboard Support
SMP support has been largely reworked, incorporating code from BSD/OS 5.0.
One of the main features of SMPng (``SMP Next Generation'') is to allow
more processes to run in kernel, without the need for spin locks that can
dramatically reduce the efficiency of multiple processors. Interrupt
handlers now have contexts associated with them that allow them to be
blocked, which reduces the need to lock out interrupts.
AlphaServer 1200 (``Tincup'') has been tested and works OK. Currently it
does not want to boot from CD or floppy but a transplanted disk that was
installed on another Alpha works well. [MERGED]
The API UP1100 mainboard has been verified to work.
The API CS20 1U high server has been verified to work.
The DEC3000 series support has been removed from the mfsroot floppy image
so that it fits on a 1.44 Mbyte floppy again. As the DEC3000 is currently
only usable diskless this should not cause any problems.
Support for AlphaServer 2100A (``Lynx'') has been added.
Kernel code has been added that allows older generation Alpha CPUs (EV4
and EV5) to emulate instructions of the newer Alpha CPU generations. This
enables the use of binary-only programs like Adobe Acrobat 4 on EV4 and
EV5.
SMP support for the Alpha is now operational.
Support for the following hardware has been removed from the installation
kernel to make it fit on a 1.44MB floppy again: Multia, NoName, PC64,
EB64, Aspen Alpine, sa (SCSI tape), amr, parallel port support, vx (3c590,
3c595), pcn (AMD Am79C97x PCI 10/100), sf (Adaptec AIC-6915), sis (SiS
900/SiS 7016), ste (Sundance ST201 (D-Link DFE-550TX)), wb (Winbond
W89C840F).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1.2 Bootloader Changes
The FreeBSD boot loader is now capable of booting from filesystems with
block sizes larger than 8K. [MERGED]
The kernel and modules have been moved to the directory /boot/kernel, so
they can be easily manipulated together. The boot loader has been updated
to make this change as seamless as possible.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1.3 Network Interface Support
The an(4) driver for Cisco Aironet cards now supports Wired Equivalent
Privacy (WEP) encryption, settable via ancontrol(8). [MERGED]
The an(4) driver now supports the Cisco Aironet 350 series of adaptors.
[MERGED]
The an(4) driver now supports ``monitor'' mode, settable via the -M option
to ancontrol(8). [MERGED]
The an(4) driver now supports Cisco LEAP, as well as the ``Home'' WEP key.
The Linux Aironet utilities are now supported under emulation. [MERGED]
The dc(4) driver now supports NICs based on the Xircom 3201 and Conexant
LANfinity RS7112 chips.
The dc(4) driver now has support for VLANs. [MERGED]
The de(4) driver now performs round-robin arbitration between the transmit
and receive units of the 21143, instead of giving priority to the receive
unit. This gives a 10-15% performance improvement in the forwarding rate
under heavy load. [MERGED]
The ed(4) driver is now supported.
A bug in the ed(4) driver that could cause panics with very short packets
and BPF or bridging active has been fixed. [MERGED]
The ed(4) driver now has support for D-Link DL10022 chips, necessary for
the NetGear FA-410TX and other cards. As a result, device miibus is
required in kernel configurations using the ed(4) driver. [MERGED]
The faith(4) device is now loadable, unloadable, and clonable. [MERGED]
The fpa(4) driver now supports Digital's DEFPA FDDI adaptors on the Alpha.
[MERGED]
The fxp(4) driver now requires a device miibus entry in the kernel
configuration file. [MERGED]
The fxp(4) driver now contains a workaround for PCI protocol violations
caused by defects in some systems based on the Intel ICH2/ICH2-M chip. The
workaround is to rewrite the EEPROM on the interface to disable Dynamic
Standby Mode; once the EEPROM is rewritten, the system needs to be
rebooted for the new settings to take effect. [MERGED]
The fxp(4) driver now supports Intel's loadable microcode to implement
receive-side interrupt coalescing and packet bundling, on NICs that
support these features. This support can be activated by the use of the
link0 option to ifconfig(8). [MERGED]
The gx(4) driver has been added to support NICs based on the Intel 82542
and 82543 Gigabit Ethernet controller chips. Both fiber and copper
variants of the cards are supported. Both boards support VLAN
tagging/insertion, and the 82543 additionally supports TCP/IP checksum
offload. [MERGED]
The lge(4) driver has been added to support the Level 1 LXT1001
NetCellerator Gigabit Ethernet controller chip. This device is used on
some fiber optic GigE cards from SMC, D-Link and Addtron. Jumbograms and
TCP/IP checksum offload on receive are supported, although hardware VLAN
filtering is not. [MERGED]
The my driver, which supports the Myson Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
adapters, has been added. [MERGED]
Added the nge(4) driver, which supports PCI Gigabit Ethernet adapters
based on the National Semiconductor DP83820 and DP83821 Gigabit Ethernet
controller chips, including the D-Link DGE-500T, SMC EZ Card 1000
(SMC9462TX), Asante FriendlyNet GigaNIC 1000TA and 1000TPC and Addtron
AEG320T. This driver supports transmit and receive checksum offloading.
[MERGED]
The pcn(4) driver, which supports the AMD PCnet/FAST, PCnet/FAST+,
PCnet/FAST III, PCnet/PRO, PCnet/Home, and HomePNA adapters, has been
added. Although these cards are already supported by the lnc(4) driver,
the pcn(4) driver runs these chips in 32-bit mode and uses the RX
alignment feature to achieve zero-copy receive. This driver is also
machine-independent, so it will work on both the i386 and Alpha platforms.
The lnc(4) driver is still needed to support non-PCI cards. [MERGED]
The ray(4) driver, which supports the Webgear Aviator wireless network
cards, has been committed. The operation of ray(4) interfaces can be
modified by raycontrol(8). [MERGED]
Added support for PCI Ethernet adapters based on the SiS 900 and SiS 7016
Fast Ethernet controller chips (for example, as seen on the SiS 635 and
735 motherboard chipsets), as well as the National Semiconductor DP83815
chipset (including the NetGear FA311-TX and FA312-TX) in the form of the
sis(4) driver. This device has support for VLANs. [MERGED]
The stf(4) device is now clonable.
The tap(4) driver, a virtual Ethernet device driver for bridged
configurations, has been added. This device is clonable. [MERGED]
The ti(4) driver now supports the Alteon AceNIC 1000baseT Gigabit Ethernet
and Netgear GA620T 1000baseT Gigabit cards. [MERGED]
The ti(4) driver correctly masks VLAN tags. [MERGED]
The txp(4) driver has been added to support NICs based on the 3Com 3XP
Typhoon/Sidewinder (3CR990) chipset. [MERGED]
vlan(4) devices are now loadable, unloadable, and clonable. [MERGED]
The wi(4) driver now has support for Prism II and Prism 2.5-based NICs.
104/128-bit WEP now works on Prism cards. [MERGED]
The xl(4) driver now supports the 3Com 3C556 and 3C556B MiniPCI adapters
used on some laptops. [MERGED]
The xl(4) driver now supports reception of VLAN tagged frames (on the
``Cyclone'' or newer chipsets). [MERGED]
The xl(4) driver now supports send- and receive-side TCP/IP checksum
offloading for NICs implementing this feature, such as the 3C905B, 3C905C,
and 3C980C. [MERGED]
A bug in the xl(4) driver, related to statistics overflow interrupt
handling, was causing slowdowns at medium to high packet rates; this has
been fixed. [MERGED]
The per-interface ifnet structure now has the ability to indicate a set of
capabilities supported by a network interface, and which ones are enabled.
ifconfig(8) has support for querying these capabilities. [MERGED]
Performance with hosts having a large number of IP aliases has been
improved, by replacing the per-interface if_inaddr linear list with a hash
table. [MERGED]
Network devices now automatically appear as special files in /dev/net.
Interface hardware ioctls (not protocol or routing) can be performed on
these devices. The SIOCGIFCONF ioctl may be performed on the special
/dev/network node.
Selected network drivers now implement a semi-polling mode, which makes
systems much more resilient to attacks and overloads. To enable polling,
the following options are required in a kernel configuration file:
options DEVICE_POLLING
options HZ=1000 # not compulsory but strongly recommended
The kern.polling.enable sysctl variable will then activate polling mode;
with the kern.polling.user_frac sysctl indicating the percentage of CPU
time to be reserved for userland. The devices initially supporting polling
are dc(4), fxp(4), rl(4), and sis(4). More details can be found in the
polling(4) manual page. [MERGED]
----------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1.4 Network Protocols
accept_filter(9), a kernel feature to reduce overheads when accepting and
reading new connections on listening sockets, has been added. [MERGED]
The proxy modifier to arp(8)'s -d option has been renamed to pub, for
consistency with the -s option. The only keyword has been added to the -s
and -S flags, to be used in creating ``proxy-only'' published entries.
[MERGED]
The read timeout feature of bpf(4) now works more correctly with
select(2)/poll(2), and therefore with pthreads. [MERGED]
bridge(4) and dummynet(4) have received some enhancements and bug fixes,
and are now loadable modules. [MERGED]
bridge(4) now has better support for multiple, fully-independent bridging
clusters, and is much more stable in the presence of dynamic attachments
and detatchments. Full support for VLANs is also supported. [MERGED]
ICMP ECHO and TSTAMP replies are now rate limited. TCP RSTs generated due
to packets sent to open and unopen ports are now limited by separate
counters. Each rate limiting queue now has its own description.
ICMP UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB messages can now RST TCP connections in the
SYN_SENT state if the correct sequence numbers are sent back, as
controlled by the net.inet.tcp.icmp_may_rst sysctl. [MERGED]
IP multicast now works on VLAN devices. Several other bugs in the VLAN
code have also been fixed.
A bug in the IPSec processing for IPv4, which caused the inbound SPD
checks to be ignored, has been fixed. [MERGED]
ipfw(4) now filters correctly in the presence of ECN bits in TCP segments.
[MERGED]
A new ng_etf(4) netgraph node allows Ethernet type packets to be filtered
to different hooks depending on ethertype. [MERGED]
The ng_gif(4) and ng_gif_demux(4) netgraph nodes, for operating on gif(4)
devices, have been added.
The ng_ip_input(4) netgraph node, for queueing IP packets into the main IP
input processing code, has been added.
The ng_mppc(4) and ng_bridge(4) node types have been added to the
netgraph(4) subsystem. The ng_ether(4) node is now dynamically loadable.
Miscellaneous bug fixes and enhancements have also been made. [MERGED]
A new netgraph node type ng_one2many(4) for multiplexing and
demultiplexing packets over multiple links has been added. [MERGED]
A new sysctl net.inet.ip.check_interface, which is on by default, causes
IP to verify that an incoming packet arrives on an interface that has an
address matching the packet's destination address. [MERGED]
A new sysctl net.link.ether.inet.log_arp_wrong_iface has been added to
control the suppression of logging when ARP replies arrive on the wrong
interface. [MERGED]
A new options RANDOM_IP_ID kernel option causes the ID field of IP packets
to be randomized. This closes a minor information leak which allows a
remote observer to determine the rate at which the machine is generating
packets, since the default behavior is to increment a counter for each
packet sent. [MERGED]
SLIP has been removed from the mfsroot floppy image.
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