relnotes-i386.txt

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                     FreeBSD/i386 5.0-CURRENT Release Notes

  The FreeBSD Project

   Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002 by The FreeBSD Documentation Project

   $FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/common/new.sgml,v 1.328
   2002/04/23 01:23:20 bmah Exp $

   The release notes for FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT contain a summary of the changes
   made in the FreeBSD base system since 4.0-RELEASE. Both changes for kernel
   and userland are listed, as well as applicable security advisories that
   were issued since the last release. Some brief remarks on upgrading are
   also presented.

     ----------------------------------------------------------------------

   Table of Contents

   1 Introduction

   2 What's New

                2.1 Kernel Changes

                             2.1.1 Processor/Motherboard Support

                             2.1.2 Bootloader Changes

                             2.1.3 Network Interface Support

                             2.1.4 Network Protocols

                             2.1.5 Disks and Storage

                             2.1.6 Filesystems

                             2.1.7 PCCARD Support

                             2.1.8 Multimedia Support

                             2.1.9 Contributed Software

                2.2 Security-Related Changes

                2.3 Userland Changes

                             2.3.1 Contributed Software

                             2.3.2 Ports/Packages Collection

   3 Upgrading from previous releases of FreeBSD

     ----------------------------------------------------------------------

                                 1 Introduction

   This document contains the release notes for FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT on the
   IA-32 hardware platform. It describes new features of FreeBSD that have
   been added (or changed) since 4.0-RELEASE. It also provides some notes on
   upgrading from previous versions of FreeBSD.

   The snapshot distribution to which these release notes apply represents a
   point along the 5-CURRENT development branch between 4.0-RELEASE and the
   future 5.0-RELEASE. Some pre-built, binary snapshot distributions along
   this branch can be found at ftp://current.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/.

     ----------------------------------------------------------------------

                                  2 What's New

   This section describes the most user-visible new or changed features in
   FreeBSD since 4.0-RELEASE. Typical release note items document new drivers
   or hardware support, new commands or options, major bugfixes, or
   contributed software upgrades. Security advisories issued after
   4.0-RELEASE are also listed. In general, changes described here are unique
   to the 5-CURRENT branch unless specifically marked as [MERGED] features.

   Many additional changes were made to FreeBSD that are not listed here for
   lack of space. For example, documentation was corrected and improved,
   minor bugs were fixed, insecure coding practices were audited and
   corrected, and source code was cleaned up.

     ----------------------------------------------------------------------

2.1 Kernel Changes

   The amdpm(4) driver has been added to provide access to the system
   monitoring functions of the AMD 756 chipset. [MERGED]

   The agp(4) driver for AGP devices has been added. [MERGED]

   A new ddb(4) command show pcpu lists some of the per-CPU data.

   Two new ddb(4) commands, hwatch and dhwatch, have been introduced.
   Analogous to watch and dwatch, they install hardware watchpoints (as
   opposed to software watchpoints) if supported by the architecture.
   [MERGED]

   devfs(5), which allows entries in the /dev directory to be built
   automatically and supports more flexible attachment of devices, has been
   largely reworked. devfs(5) is now enabled by default and can be disabled
   by the NODEVFS kernel option.

   The dgm driver has been removed in favor of the digi driver.

   A new digi driver has been added to support PCI Xr-based and ISA Xem
   Digiboard cards. A new digictl(8) program is (mainly) used to
   re-initialize cards that have external port modules attached such as the
   PC/Xem.

   An eaccess(2) system call has been added, similar to access(2) except that
   the former uses effective credentials rather than real credentials.

   The ichsmb(4) driver for the Intel 82801AA (ICH) SMBus controller and
   compatibles has been added. [MERGED]

   Each jail(2) environment can now run under its own securelevel.

   The tunable sysctl variables for jail(2) have moved from jail.* to the
   security.* hierarchy. Other security-related sysctl variables have moved
   from kern.security.* to security.*.

   The kern.maxvnodes limit now properly limits the number of vnodes in use.
   Previously only vnodes with no cached pages could be freed; this could
   allow the number of vnodes to grow without limit on large-memory machines
   accessing many small files. A vnlru kernel thread helps to flush and reuse
   vnodes. [MERGED]

   The kernel message buffer is now accessible by the (machine-independent)
   kern.msgbuf sysctl variable; dmesg(8) no longer needs to be SGID kmem.
   [MERGED]

   The kqueue(2) event notification facility was added to the FreeBSD kernel.
   This is a new interface which is able to replace poll(2)/select(2),
   offering improved performance, as well as the ability to report many
   different types of events. Support for monitoring changes in sockets,
   pipes, fifos, and files are present, as well as for signals and processes.
   [MERGED]

   A new KVA_SPACE kernel option can be used to reconfigure the size of the
   kernel virtual address space. [MERGED]

   The labpc(4) driver has been removed due to ``bitrot''.

   The loader and kernel linker now look for files named linker.hints in each
   directory with KLDs for a module name and version to KLD filename mapping.
   The new kldxref(8) utility is used to generate these files.

   Linux emulation now supports the kernel functionality required by the
   emulators/linux_base-7 (RedHat 7.X emulation) port. [MERGED]

   Linux emulation now requires options SYSVSEM in the kernel configuration.
   [MERGED]

   lomac(4), a Low-Watermark Mandatory Access Control security facility, has
   been added as a kernel module. It provides a drop-in security mechanism in
   addition to the traditional UID-based security facilities, requiring no
   additional configuration from the administrator. Work on this feature was
   sponsored by DARPA and NAI Labs.

   The maxusers kernel configuration parameter is now a boot-time tunable
   variable. The kernel parameters derived from maxusers are now also
   tunables and can be overridden at boot-time. The hz parameter is also now
   a tunable. [MERGED]

   Specifying a value of 0 for the maxusers kernel configuration parameter
   will now cause an appropriate value to be calculated at boot-time (between
   32 and 384, depending on the amount of memory present). This value is now
   the default for all GENERIC kernels. [MERGED]

   The kernel configuration parameters MAXTSIZ, DFLDSIZ, MAXDSIZ, DFLSSIZ,
   MAXSSIZ, and SGROWSIZ are all loader tunables (kern.maxtsiz,
   kern.maxdfldsiz, etc.). [MERGED]

   mutex(9) profiling code has been added, enabled by the MUTEX_PROFILING
   kernel configuration option. It enables the debug.mutex.prof.* hierarchy
   of sysctl variables.

   The NCPU, NAPIC, NBUS, and NINTR kernel configuration options, for
   configuring SMP kernels, have been removed. NCPU is now set to a maximum
   of 16, and the other, aforementioned options are now dynamic. [MERGED]

   A nmdm(4) null-modem terminal driver has been added. [MERGED]

   The O_DIRECT flag has been added to open(2) and fcntl(2). Specifying this
   flag for open files will attempt to minimize the cache effects of reading
   and writing. [MERGED]

   An orm(4) device has been added to claim the option ROMs in the ISA memory
   I/O space, to prevent other drivers from mistakenly assigning addresses
   that conflict with these ROMs. [MERGED]

   PECOFF (Win32 Execution file format) support has been added.

   The pmc driver, which supports the power management controller of the NEC
   PC-98NOTE, has been added. [MERGED]

   POSIX.1b Shared Memory Objects are now supported. The implementation uses
   regular files, but automatically enables the MAP_NOSYNC flag when they are
   mmap(2)-ed. [MERGED]

   Replaced the PQ_*CACHE options with a single PQ_CACHESIZE option to be set
   to the cache size in kilobytes. The old options are still supported for
   backwards compatibility. [MERGED]

   The puc(4) (PCI ``Universal'' Communications) driver has been added, to
   help connect PCI-based serial ports to the sio(4) driver. [MERGED]

   The random(4) device has been rewritten to use the Yarrow algorithm. It
   harvests entropy from a variety of interrupt sources, including the
   console devices, Ethernet and point-to-point network interfaces, and
   mass-storage devices. Entropy from the random(4) device is now
   periodically saved to files in /var/db/entropy, as well as at shutdown
   time. The semantics of /dev/random have changed; it never blocks waiting
   for entropy bits but generates a stream of pseudo-random data and now
   behaves exactly as /dev/urandom.

   A new kernel option, options REGRESSION, enables interfaces and
   functionality intended for use during correctness and regression testing.

   The snp(4) device is no longer static and can now be compiled as a module.
   [MERGED]

   The spic(4) driver, which provides access to the Jog Dial device on some
   Sony laptops, has been added. moused(8) support for this device has also
   been added. [MERGED]

   The syscons(4) driver now supports keyboard-controlled pasting, by default
   bound to Shift-Insert.

   Support for USB devices was added to the GENERIC kernel and to the
   installation programs to support USB devices out of the box. Note that SRM
   does not support USB devices at the moment, so you must still use an AT
   keyboard if you are not using a serial console. [MERGED]

   The umodem(4) driver for USB modems has been added. Support is provided
   for the 3Com 5605 and Metricom Ricochet GS wireless USB modems. [MERGED]

   The uscanner(4) driver for basic USB scanner support using SANE has been
   added. See the SANE home page for supported scanners. The HP ScanJet
   4100C, 5200C and 6300C are known to be working. [MERGED]

   The ucom(4) device driver has been added, to support USB modems, serial
   devices, and other programs that need to look like a tty. The related
   uplcom(4) and uvscom(4) drivers provide specific support for the Prolific
   PL-2303 serial adapter and the SUNTAC Slipper U VS-10U, respectively.

   To increase security, the UCONSOLE kernel configuration option has been
   removed.

   The UserConfig boot-time kernel configuration feature, usually used to
   enable, disable, or configure ISA devices, has been removed. Its
   functionality has been replaced by the kernel hints file in
   /boot/device.hints.

   The USER_LDT kernel option is now activated by default.

   A VESA S3 linear framebuffer driver has been added.

   The viapm(4) driver for VIA SMBus power management controllers has been
   added. [MERGED]

   Write combining for crashdumps has been implemented. This feature is
   useful when write caching is disabled on both SCSI and IDE disks, where
   large memory dumps could take up to an hour to complete. [MERGED]

   Extremely large swap areas (>67 GB) no longer panic the system.

   The buildkernel target now gets the name of the configuration(s) to build
   from the KERNCONF variable, not KERNEL. It is no longer required, in some
   cases, for a buildworld to precede a buildkernel. (The buildworld is still
   required when upgrading across major releases, across binutil updates and
   when config(8) changes version.) [MERGED]

   The out-of-swap process termination code now begins killing processes
   earlier to avoid deadlocks; it now also takes into account the swap space
   used by processes when computing the process sizes. [MERGED]

   Linker sets are now self-contained; gensetdefs(8) is unnecessary and has
   been removed.