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一本很好的python的说明书,适合对python感兴趣的人

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1040'><tt class='function'>isdir</tt></a></b> (<var>path</var>)
<dd>
Return true if <var>path</var> is an existing directory.  This follows
symbolic links, so both <tt class="function">islink()</tt> and <tt class="function">isdir()</tt> can
be true for the same path.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1041'><tt class='function'>islink</tt></a></b> (<var>path</var>)
<dd>
Return true if <var>path</var> refers to a directory entry that is a
symbolic link.  Always false if symbolic links are not supported.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1042'><tt class='function'>ismount</tt></a></b> (<var>path</var>)
<dd>
Return true if pathname <var>path</var> is a <i class="dfn">mount point</i>: a point in
a file system where a different file system has been mounted.  The
function checks whether <var>path</var>'s parent, <span class="file"><var>path</var>/..</span>, is
on a different device than <var>path</var>, or whether <span class="file"><var>path</var>/..</span>
and <var>path</var> point to the same i-node on the same device -- this
should detect mount points for all Unix and POSIX variants.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1043'><tt class='function'>join</tt></a></b> (<var>path1</var><big>[</big><var>, path2</var><big>[</big><var>, ...</var><big>]</big><big>]</big>)
<dd>
Joins one or more path components intelligently.  If any component is
an absolute path, all previous components are thrown away, and joining
continues.  The return value is the concatenation of <var>path1</var>, and
optionally <var>path2</var>, etc., with exactly one slash (<code>'/'</code>)
inserted between components, unless <var>path</var> is empty.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1044'><tt class='function'>normcase</tt></a></b> (<var>path</var>)
<dd>
Normalize the case of a pathname.  On Unix, this returns the path
unchanged; on case-insensitive filesystems, it converts the path to
lowercase.  On Windows, it also converts forward slashes to backward
slashes.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1045'><tt class='function'>normpath</tt></a></b> (<var>path</var>)
<dd>
Normalize a pathname.  This collapses redundant separators and
up-level references, e.g. <code>A//B</code>, <code>A/./B</code> and
<code>A/foo/../B</code> all become <code>A/B</code>.  It does not normalize the
case (use <tt class="function">normcase()</tt> for that).  On Windows, it converts
forward slashes to backward slashes.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1046'><tt class='function'>samefile</tt></a></b> (<var>path1, path2</var>)
<dd>
Return true if both pathname arguments refer to the same file or
directory (as indicated by device number and i-node number).
Raise an exception if a <tt class="function">os.stat()</tt> call on either pathname
fails.
Availability:  Macintosh, Unix.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1047'><tt class='function'>sameopenfile</tt></a></b> (<var>fp1, fp2</var>)
<dd>
Return true if the file objects <var>fp1</var> and <var>fp2</var> refer to the
same file.  The two file objects may represent different file
descriptors.
Availability:  Macintosh, Unix.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1048'><tt class='function'>samestat</tt></a></b> (<var>stat1, stat2</var>)
<dd>
Return true if the stat tuples <var>stat1</var> and <var>stat2</var> refer to
the same file.  These structures may have been returned by
<tt class="function">fstat()</tt>, <tt class="function">lstat()</tt>, or <tt class="function">stat()</tt>.  This
function implements the underlying comparison used by
<tt class="function">samefile()</tt> and <tt class="function">sameopenfile()</tt>.
Availability:  Macintosh, Unix.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1049'><tt class='function'>split</tt></a></b> (<var>path</var>)
<dd>
Split the pathname <var>path</var> into a pair, <code>(<var>head</var>,
<var>tail</var>)</code> where <var>tail</var> is the last pathname component and
<var>head</var> is everything leading up to that.  The <var>tail</var> part will
never contain a slash; if <var>path</var> ends in a slash, <var>tail</var> will
be empty.  If there is no slash in <var>path</var>, <var>head</var> will be
empty.  If <var>path</var> is empty, both <var>head</var> and <var>tail</var> are
empty.  Trailing slashes are stripped from <var>head</var> unless it is the
root (one or more slashes only).  In nearly all cases,
<code>join(<var>head</var>, <var>tail</var>)</code> equals <var>path</var> (the only
exception being when there were multiple slashes separating <var>head</var>
from <var>tail</var>).
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1050'><tt class='function'>splitdrive</tt></a></b> (<var>path</var>)
<dd>
Split the pathname <var>path</var> into a pair <code>(<var>drive</var>,
<var>tail</var>)</code> where <var>drive</var> is either a drive specification or the
empty string.  On systems which do not use drive specifications,
<var>drive</var> will always be the empty string.  In all cases,
<code><var>drive</var> + <var>tail</var></code> will be the same as <var>path</var>.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1051'><tt class='function'>splitext</tt></a></b> (<var>path</var>)
<dd>
Split the pathname <var>path</var> into a pair <code>(<var>root</var>, <var>ext</var>)</code> 
such that <code><var>root</var> + <var>ext</var> == <var>path</var></code>,
and <var>ext</var> is empty or begins with a period and contains
at most one period.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1052'><tt class='function'>walk</tt></a></b> (<var>path, visit, arg</var>)
<dd>
Calls the function <var>visit</var> with arguments
<code>(<var>arg</var>, <var>dirname</var>, <var>names</var>)</code> for each directory in the
directory tree rooted at <var>path</var> (including <var>path</var> itself, if it
is a directory).  The argument <var>dirname</var> specifies the visited
directory, the argument <var>names</var> lists the files in the directory
(gotten from <code>os.listdir(<var>dirname</var>)</code>).
The <var>visit</var> function may modify <var>names</var> to
influence the set of directories visited below <var>dirname</var>, e.g., to
avoid visiting certain parts of the tree.  (The object referred to by
<var>names</var> must be modified in place, using <tt class="keyword">del</tt> or slice
assignment.)
</dl>

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