module-crypt.html

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<H1><A NAME="SECTION0010400000000000000000">
8.4 <tt class="module">crypt</tt> --
         Function to check Unix passwords</A>
</H1>

<P>
  
<p class='availability'>Availability: <span
 class='platform'>Unix</span>.</p>

<P>
This module implements an interface to the
<span class='manpage'><i>crypt</i>(3)</span> routine, which is a one-way hash
function based upon a modified DES algorithm; see
the Unix man page for further details.  Possible uses include
allowing Python scripts to accept typed passwords from the user, or
attempting to crack Unix passwords with a dictionary.

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-1825'><tt class='function'>crypt</tt></a></b> (<var>word, salt</var>)
<dd> 
  <var>word</var> will usually be a user's password as typed at a prompt or 
  in a graphical interface.  <var>salt</var> is usually a random
  two-character string which will be used to perturb the DES algorithm
  in one of 4096 ways.  The characters in <var>salt</var> must be in the
  set <tt class="regexp">[./a-zA-Z0-9]</tt>.  Returns the hashed password as a
  string, which will be composed of characters from the same alphabet
   as the salt (the first two characters represent the salt itself).
</dl>

<P>
A simple example illustrating typical use:

<P>
<dl><dd><pre class="verbatim">
import crypt, getpass, pwd

def login():
    username = raw_input('Python login:')
    cryptedpasswd = pwd.getpwnam(username)[1]
    if cryptedpasswd:
        if cryptedpasswd == 'x' or cryptedpasswd == '*': 
            raise "Sorry, currently no support for shadow passwords"
        cleartext = getpass.getpass()
        return crypt.crypt(cleartext, cryptedpasswd[:2]) == cryptedpasswd
    else:
        return 1
</pre></dl>

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