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<H1><A NAME="SECTION0013900000000000000000">
11.9 <tt class="module">nntplib</tt> --
NNTP protocol client</A>
</H1>
<P>
<P>
<P>
This module defines the class <tt class="class">NNTP</tt> which implements the client
side of the NNTP protocol. It can be used to implement a news reader
or poster, or automated news processors. For more information on NNTP
(Network News Transfer Protocol), see Internet <a class="rfc" name="rfcref-47116"
href="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0977.txt \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0977.txt'" tppabs="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0977.txt">RFC 977 <img src="offsite.gif" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/icons/offsite.gif"
border='0' class='offsitelink' height='15' width='17' alt='[off-site link]'
></a>.
<P>
Here are two small examples of how it can be used. To list some
statistics about a newsgroup and print the subjects of the last 10
articles:
<P>
<dl><dd><pre class="verbatim">
>>> s = NNTP('news.cwi.nl')
>>> resp, count, first, last, name = s.group('comp.lang.python')
>>> print 'Group', name, 'has', count, 'articles, range', first, 'to', last
Group comp.lang.python has 59 articles, range 3742 to 3803
>>> resp, subs = s.xhdr('subject', first + '-' + last)
>>> for id, sub in subs[-10:]: print id, sub
...
3792 Re: Removing elements from a list while iterating...
3793 Re: Who likes Info files?
3794 Emacs and doc strings
3795 a few questions about the Mac implementation
3796 Re: executable python scripts
3797 Re: executable python scripts
3798 Re: a few questions about the Mac implementation
3799 Re: PROPOSAL: A Generic Python Object Interface for Python C Modules
3802 Re: executable python scripts
3803 Re: \POSIX{} wait and SIGCHLD
>>> s.quit()
'205 news.cwi.nl closing connection. Goodbye.'
</pre></dl>
<P>
To post an article from a file (this assumes that the article has
valid headers):
<P>
<dl><dd><pre class="verbatim">
>>> s = NNTP('news.cwi.nl')
>>> f = open('/tmp/article')
>>> s.post(f)
'240 Article posted successfully.'
>>> s.quit()
'205 news.cwi.nl closing connection. Goodbye.'
</pre></dl>
<P>
The module itself defines the following items:
<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-2131'><tt class='class'>NNTP</tt></a></b> (<var>host</var><big>[</big><var>, port
</var><big>[</big><var>, user</var><big>[</big><var>, password
</var><big>[</big><var>, readermode</var><big>]</big><big>]</big><big>]</big><big>]</big>)
<dd>
Return a new instance of the <tt class="class">NNTP</tt> class, representing a
connection to the NNTP server running on host <var>host</var>, listening at
port <var>port</var>. The default <var>port</var> is 119. If the optional
<var>user</var> and <var>password</var> are provided, the
"<tt class="samp">AUTHINFO USER</tt>" and "<tt class="samp">AUTHINFO PASS</tt>" commands are used to
identify and authenticate the user to the server. If the optional
flag <var>readermode</var> is true, then a "<tt class="samp">mode reader</tt>" command is
sent before authentication is performed. Reader mode is sometimes
necessary if you are connecting to an NNTP server on the local machine
and intend to call reader-specific commands, such as "<tt class="samp">group</tt>". If
you get unexpected <code>NNTPPermanentError</code>s, you might need to set
<var>readermode</var>. <var>readermode</var> defaults to <code>None</code>.
</dl>
<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-2132'><tt class='class'>NNTPError</tt></a></b> ()
<dd>
Derived from the standard exception <code>Exception</code>, this is the base
class for all exceptions raised by the <code>nntplib</code> module.
</dl>
<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-2133'><tt class='class'>NNTPReplyError</tt></a></b> ()
<dd>
Exception raised when an unexpected reply is received from the
server. For backwards compatibility, the exception <code>error_reply</code>
is equivalent to this class.
</dl>
<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-2134'><tt class='class'>NNTPTemporaryError</tt></a></b> ()
<dd>
Exception raised when an error code in the range 400-499 is
received. For backwards compatibility, the exception
<code>error_temp</code> is equivalent to this class.
</dl>
<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-2135'><tt class='class'>NNTPPermanentError</tt></a></b> ()
<dd>
Exception raised when an error code in the range 500-599 is
received. For backwards compatibility, the exception
<code>error_perm</code> is equivalent to this class.
</dl>
<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-2136'><tt class='class'>NNTPProtocolError</tt></a></b> ()
<dd>
Exception raised when a reply is received from the server that does
not begin with a digit in the range 1-5. For backwards
compatibility, the exception <code>error_proto</code> is equivalent to this
class.
</dl>
<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-2137'><tt class='class'>NNTPDataError</tt></a></b> ()
<dd>
Exception raised when there is some error in the response data. For
backwards compatibility, the exception <code>error_data</code> is
equivalent to this class.
</dl>
<P>
<p><hr>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html4087"
href="nntp-objects.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/nntp-objects.html">11.9.1 NNTP Objects </A>
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