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<H1><A NAME="SECTION0014200000000000000000">
12.2 <tt class="module">rfc822</tt> --
         Parse RFC 822 mail headers</A>
</H1>

<P>


<P>
This module defines a class, <tt class="class">Message</tt>, which represents a
collection of ``email headers'' as defined by the Internet standard
<a class="rfc" name="rfcref-47396"
href="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0822.txt  \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address.  \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0822.txt'" tppabs="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0822.txt">RFC 822 <img src="offsite.gif" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/icons/offsite.gif"
  border='0' class='offsitelink' height='15' width='17' alt='[off-site link]'
  ></a>.  It is used in various contexts, usually to read such
headers from a file.  This module also defines a helper class 
<tt class="class">AddressList</tt> for parsing <a class="rfc" name="rfcref-47398"
href="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0822.txt  \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address.  \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0822.txt'" tppabs="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0822.txt">RFC 822 <img src="offsite.gif" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/icons/offsite.gif"
  border='0' class='offsitelink' height='15' width='17' alt='[off-site link]'
  ></a> addresses.  Please refer to
the RFC for information on the specific syntax of <a class="rfc" name="rfcref-47400"
href="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0822.txt  \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address.  \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0822.txt'" tppabs="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0822.txt">RFC 822 <img src="offsite.gif" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/icons/offsite.gif"
  border='0' class='offsitelink' height='15' width='17' alt='[off-site link]'
  ></a> headers.

<P>
The <tt class='module'><a href="module-mailbox.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-mailbox.html">mailbox</a></tt> module provides classes 
to read mailboxes produced by various end-user mail programs.

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-2346'><tt class='class'>Message</tt></a></b> (<var>file</var><big>[</big><var>, seekable</var><big>]</big>)
<dd>
A <tt class="class">Message</tt> instance is instantiated with an input object as
parameter.  Message relies only on the input object having a
<tt class="method">readline()</tt> method; in particular, ordinary file objects
qualify.  Instantiation reads headers from the input object up to a
delimiter line (normally a blank line) and stores them in the
instance.

<P>
This class can work with any input object that supports a
<tt class="method">readline()</tt> method.  If the input object has seek and tell
capability, the <tt class="method">rewindbody()</tt> method will work; also, illegal
lines will be pushed back onto the input stream.  If the input object
lacks seek but has an <tt class="method">unread()</tt> method that can push back a
line of input, <tt class="class">Message</tt> will use that to push back illegal
lines.  Thus this class can be used to parse messages coming from a
buffered stream.

<P>
The optional <var>seekable</var> argument is provided as a workaround for
certain stdio libraries in which <tt class="cfunction">tell()</tt> discards buffered
data before discovering that the <tt class="cfunction">lseek()</tt> system call
doesn't work.  For maximum portability, you should set the seekable
argument to zero to prevent that initial <tt class="method">tell()</tt> when passing
in an unseekable object such as a a file object created from a socket
object.

<P>
Input lines as read from the file may either be terminated by CR-LF or
by a single linefeed; a terminating CR-LF is replaced by a single
linefeed before the line is stored.

<P>
All header matching is done independent of upper or lower case;
e.g. <code><var>m</var>['From']</code>, <code><var>m</var>['from']</code> and
<code><var>m</var>['FROM']</code> all yield the same result.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name='l2h-2347'><tt class='class'>AddressList</tt></a></b> (<var>field</var>)
<dd>
You may instantiate the <tt class="class">AddressList</tt> helper class using a single
string parameter, a comma-separated list of <a class="rfc" name="rfcref-47403"
href="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0822.txt  \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address.  \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0822.txt'" tppabs="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0822.txt">RFC 822 <img src="offsite.gif" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/icons/offsite.gif"
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