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<H1>
<BR>
7. Optional Operating System Services
</H1>

<P>
The modules described in this chapter provide interfaces to operating
system features that are available on selected operating systems only.
The interfaces are generally modeled after the Unix or C
interfaces but they are available on some other systems as well
(e.g. Windows or NT).  Here's an overview:

<P>
<table class='synopsistable'>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-signal.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-signal.html">signal</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>Set handlers for asynchronous events.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-socket.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-socket.html">socket</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>Low-level networking interface.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-select.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-select.html">select</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>Wait for I/O completion on multiple streams.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-thread.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-thread.html">thread</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>Create multiple threads of control within one interpreter.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-threading.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-threading.html">threading</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>Higher-level threading interface.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-mutex.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-mutex.html">mutex</a></tt></b></td>
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  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-Queue.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-Queue.html">Queue</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>A synchronized queue class.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-mmap.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-mmap.html">mmap</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>Interface to memory-mapped files for Unix and Windows.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-anydbm.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-anydbm.html">anydbm</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>Generic interface to DBM-style database modules.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-dumbdbm.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-dumbdbm.html">dumbdbm</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>Portable implementation of the simple DBM interface.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-dbhash.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-dbhash.html">dbhash</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>DBM-style interface to the BSD database library.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-whichdb.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-whichdb.html">whichdb</a></tt></b></td>
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  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-bsddb.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-bsddb.html">bsddb</a></tt></b></td>
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  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-zlib.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-zlib.html">zlib</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>Low-level interface to compression and decompression
                routines compatible with <b class="program">gzip</b>.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-gzip.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-gzip.html">gzip</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>Interfaces for <b class="program">gzip</b> compression and
decompression using file objects.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-zipfile.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-zipfile.html">zipfile</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>Read and write ZIP-format archive files.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-readline.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-readline.html">readline</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>GNU readline support for Python.</td></tr>
  <tr><td><b><tt class='module'><a href="module-rlcompleter.html" tppabs="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-rlcompleter.html">rlcompleter</a></tt></b></td>
      <td class='synopsis'>Python identifier completion for the GNU readline library.</td></tr>
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