http:^^www.cs.wisc.edu^~mbirk^cs302^format_dollars.html

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Date: Mon, 11 Nov 1996 17:01:23 GMTServer: NCSA/1.5Content-type: text/htmlLast-modified: Tue, 01 Oct 1996 20:08:43 GMTContent-length: 2431<html><head><title>Formatting Dollar Amounts in Program 2</title></head><body><h2>Formatting Dollar Amounts in Program 2</h2>You might be wondering how to line up the dollar amounts for Program 2 sothat everything looks nice like the example output.  This involves twosteps:<p><ol>  <li> Telling the computer to print floating-point nuumbers       using exactly two decimal places  <li> Making the dollar amounts line up at their decimal point</ol><p>The necessary material is described on pages 51 and 232 of theSavitch text (pages 65-66 of Perry & Levin).  However, I'll explainhere just what you need to know for the assignment.<p>Consider this silly little program:<p><pre>#include &lt;iostream.h&gt;int main (){    double amount_deposited = 100.0;    double cash_received    = 9.71;    cout &lt;&lt; "Amount deposited: $" &lt;&lt; amount_deposited &lt;&lt; endl;    cout &lt;&lt; "Cash received:    $" &lt;&lt; cash_received &lt;&lt; endl;    cout &lt;&lt; "Net deposit:      $" &lt;&lt; (amount_deposited - cash_received) &lt;&lt; endl;    return 0;}</pre><p>When run, it produces the following output:<p> <pre>Amount deposited: $100Cash recieved:    $9.71Net deposit:      $90.29</pre><p>But what we <i>want</i> is something more like this:<p><pre>Amount deposited: $ 100.00Cash recieved:    $   9.71Net deposit:      $  90.29</pre><p>We can modify the above program to achieve this:<p><pre>#include &lt;iostream.h&gt;#include &lt;iomanip.h&gt;int main (){    // Force two decimal places (see p. 51 of Savitch text)    cout.setf(ios::fixed);    cout.setf(ios::showpoint);    cout.precision(2);    double amount_deposited = 100.0;    double cash_received    = 9.71;    // The "setw(7)" below causes the next thing printed to    // have a width of seven    cout &lt;&lt; "Amount deposited: $"         &lt;&lt; setw(7) &lt;&lt; amount_deposited &lt;&lt; endl;    cout &lt;&lt; "Cash received:    $"         &lt;&lt; setw(7) &lt;&lt; cash_received &lt;&lt; endl;    cout &lt;&lt; "Net deposit:      $"         &lt;&lt; setw(7) &lt;&lt; (amount_deposited - cash_received) &lt;&lt; endl;    return 0;}</pre><p>Note the extra <tt>#include&lt;iomanip.h&gt;</tt> directive at the top of theprogram.  This is necessary to use <tt>setw</tt>.<hr><i><a href="mailto:mbirk@cs.wisc.edu">mbirk@cs.wisc.edu</a></i></body></html>

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