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<html> <head><title>Audio System For Technical Readings</title></head><body><h1>Abstract</h1>Topic: Audio System for Technical Readings <br> Time: 13:15 <br> Date: 17 January, 1994 <br> Place: 5130 UpsonHall, <br>Cornell University, <br>Ithaca, NY 14853 <hr> The advent of electronic documents makes information available in morethan its visual form ---electronic information can now be display-independent.We describe a computing system, AsTeR, that <em>audio formats</em> electronicdocuments to produce audio documents. AsTeR can speak both literary texts andhighly technical documents (presently in La)TeX) that contain complexmathematics.<p>Visual communication is characterized by the eye's ability to activelyaccess parts of a two-dimensional display. The reader is active, while thedisplay is passive. This active-passive role is reversed bythe temporal nature of oral communication: information flowsactively past a passive listener. This prohibits multiple views---it is impossible to first obtain a high-level view and then``look'' at details. These shortcomingsbecome severe when presenting complex mathematics orally.<p>Audio formatting, which renders information structurein a manner attuned to an auditory display, overcomes theseproblems. AsTeR is interactive, and the ability to browseinformation structure and obtain multiple views enables<em>active</em> listening.<p>--Raman<hr><address>raman@crl.dec.com</address><!-- hhmts start -->Last modified: Wed Aug 10 18:08:31 1994<!-- hhmts end --></body> </html>
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