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Date: Wed, 08 Jan 1997 21:27:43 GMTServer: NCSA/1.4.2Content-type: text/html<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 2.0//EN"><!Converted with LaTeX2HTML 95 (Thu Jan 19 1995) by Nikos Drakos (nikos@cbl.leeds.ac.uk), CBLU, University of Leeds ><HEAD><TITLE>First Smalltalk Assignment</TITLE></HEAD><BODY><meta name="description" value="First Smalltalk Assignment"><meta name="keywords" value="pss0"><meta name="resource-type" value="document"><meta name="distribution" value="global"><P> <BR> <HR><A NAME=tex2html1 HREF="node1.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="next" SRC="http://www.cs.washington.edu/general/latex2html_icons//next_motif.gif"></A> <IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="up" SRC="http://www.cs.washington.edu/general/latex2html_icons//up_motif_gr.gif"> <IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="previous" SRC="http://www.cs.washington.edu/general/latex2html_icons//previous_motif_gr.gif"> <BR><B> Next:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2 HREF="node1.html"> About this document </A><BR> <HR> <P> CS341, Spring 1996<BR> Smalltalk Assignment #0<BR> Assigned 4/25, (not to hand in).<P><BR><HR><P><P>The Assignment (you will be helped through this in section):<OL><LI> Log on to the NT workstation.<LI> Start Smalltalk.<LI> Change the path of the <em> changes</em> file, and save the image in your local file space. (Instructions in the lab, or on the Web.)<LI> Exit Smalltalk, and re-start it, but this time use your own Smalltalk image.<LI> Type in the code for a very simple ``bank account''class, explained and listed below.<LI> Test the code (in a workspace) on a couple of simple examples of your own devising.<LI> File out your new category.</OL><P><P><BR><HR><P><P> The Scenario:<P>For the Smalltalk part of the class we will be looking at banks and bank accounts again. With that in mind we will define some very simple code for manipulating bank accounts. We will define these classes:<UL><LI> <b> Account</b>---an account will have a <code>number</code>, a <code>balance</code> and a list of <code>transactions</code>. An account should be able to answer its account number, to accept deposits and withdrawals, and to provide a displayed list of its transactions. For this cut at the code we will do very primitive output: we will create a window for each account and let it display itstransactions to its own window. (You do not need to understandexactly how this works.)<P>Therefore the account class will have the following instance variables:<code>number</code>, <code>balance</code>, <code>transactions</code>, and <code>displayer</code>. The next available account number will be stored using a class variable. (We will talk in class aboutinstance variables and class variables. For now, just notice how we put them into the code.)<P>The methods for an account will be the following:<UL><LI> <code>number</code> Answer the account's number.<LI> <code>deposit: anAmount on: aDate</code> Add the (numeric) argument<code>anAmount</code> to the account's balance. Also add the transaction to the list of transactions.<LI> <code>withdraw: anAmount on: aDate</code> Deduct the (numeric) argument<code>anAmount</code> from the account's balance, and add the transaction to the account's transaction list. Signal an error if the balance is insufficient.</UL><P><LI> <b> Transaction</b>---this class will store the amount of the transaction (deposit or withdrawal) and the date on which it occurred.Its instance variables will therefore be <code>amount</code> and <code>date</code>.The transaction class should also be able to display itself on a window.</UL><P>On the next page you will find code for the <code>Transaction</code> and <code>Account</code> classes. In section you will learn how to enter these into the Smalltalk image.<P><PRE>========================================This code defines the Transaction class========================================1. Class definition for Transaction: Object subclass: Transaction instanceVariableNames: 'amount date' classVariableNames: ''========================================2. Class method for Transaction: newAmount: anAmount date: aDate "Answer an instance of a transaction object with the specified date and amount. Sample: Transaction newAmount: 100 date: Date today." ^self new initializeAmount: anAmount date: aDate.========================================3. Instance methods for Transaction: initializeAmount: anAmount date: aDate "This method is called only when a new instance is created. It just sets the instance's variables." amount := anAmount. date := aDate. ^self. ================================= displayOn: aTextCollector "Print a single line describing this transaction." amount < 0 ifTrue: [aTextCollector show: 'Withdrawal of $'] ifFalse: [aTextCollector show: 'Deposit of $']. aTextCollector show: amount printString; show: ' on '; show: date printString; cr.</PRE><P><PRE>========================================This code defines the Account class======================================== Object subclass: Account instanceVariableNames: 'number balance displayer transactions' classVariableNames: 'NextNumber '========================================1. Class methods for Account======================================== new "Answer a new instance of Account with next number, balance 0, and empty transactions." ^self basicNew initialize. ===================================== initialize "To initialize the Account class we set the next account number to 1." NextNumber := 1.========================================2. Instance methods for Account======================================== initialize "To initialize an instance of Account, we initialize the instance variables and open a window to display the transactions." number := NextNumber. NextNumber := NextNumber + 1. balance := 0. transactions := OrderedCollection new. "This sets up the display window" displayer := TextCollector new. TextCollectorView open: displayer label: 'Account Window'. ^self. =================================== number "Answer the receiver's account number" ^number. =================================== deposit: anAmount on: aDate "To deposit, adjust the balance, and make up a new transaction object with the specified amount and date." balance := balance + anAmount. transactions addLast: (Transaction newAmount: anAmount date: aDate). =================================== withdraw: anAmount on: aDate "To withdraw, check to see if the balance is sufficient, if so adjust balance and generate a new transaction. balance < anAmount ifTrue: [ self error: 'Attempt to overdraw account.']. balance := balance - anAmount. transactions addLast: (Transaction newAmount: anAmount negated date: aDate). =================================== displayTransactions "Display all the transactions on the account's window. First print a header." displayer show: 'Transactions for Account '; show: number printString; cr. transactions do: [:trans | displayer show: ' '. trans displayOn: displayer].</PRE><BR> <HR><UL> <LI> <A NAME=tex2html3 HREF="node1.html#SECTION00010000000000000000"> About this document ... </A></UL><BR> <HR><A NAME=tex2html1 HREF="node1.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="next" SRC="http://www.cs.washington.edu/general/latex2html_icons//next_motif.gif"></A> <IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="up" SRC="http://www.cs.washington.edu/general/latex2html_icons//up_motif_gr.gif"> <IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="previous" SRC="http://www.cs.washington.edu/general/latex2html_icons//previous_motif_gr.gif"> <BR><B> Next:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2 HREF="node1.html"> About this document </A><BR> <HR> <P><BR> <HR><P><ADDRESS><I>Steve Hanks <BR>Wed Apr 24 14:21:00 PDT 1996</I></ADDRESS></BODY>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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