rdmat.m

该算法是用于量子运算的matlab程序

% rdmat   Random density matrix
%    rdmat(n,d) creates an n qudit density matrix where d is the 
%    dimension of the qudits. If d is omitted then it is taken to be 2.
%    If argument n is omitted than the default is taken to be
%    the value of global variable N.
%    (A density matrix is a hermitian matrix with 
%    unit trace and non-negative eigenvalues; the distribution
%    of the matrix is random according to the Hilbert-Schmidt norm.)

% Copyright (C) 2005  Geza Toth    E.mail: [e-mail]
%
% This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
% modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
% as published by the Free Software Foundation; see gpl.txt
% of this subroutine package.
%
% This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
% GNU General Public License for more details.
% 
% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
% along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
% Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, 
% Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.


function r=rdmat(varargin)

if isempty(varargin)
    global N;
    d=2;
elseif length(varargin)==1
    N=varargin{1};
    d=2;
elseif length(varargin)==2
    N=varargin{1};
    d=varargin{2};
else
    error('Wrong number of input arguments.')
end %if

% The matrix is random according to the Hilbert-Schmidt norm.
% See the paper by Sommers and Zyczkowski at 
% http://uk.arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph?papernum=0405031
% We generate a random (2d)^N dimensional pure state and
% take its reduced density d^N dimensional matrix.

% Generate a random matrix with elements with normal distributions
s=randn(d^N,d^N)+i*randn(d^N,d^N);
% Create a positive matrix
r=s'*s;
% Normalize it
r=r/trace(r);