tables.sql

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-- Experimental table definitions for MySQL 4.1 and 5.0 with
-- explicit character set support. Not fully tested, may have
-- surprises!
--
-- TODO: Test various fields
-- TODO: Anything else need to be moved to VARBINARY and BLOB?
-- TODO: UCS-2 better than UTF-8?
-- TODO: Find out how to get 4-byte UTF-8 chars into MySQL...
--       An alternate UCS-2 that does UTF-16 conversion would work.
-- TODO: Work on collation usage

-- ------------------------------------------------------------

-- SQL to create the initial tables for the MediaWiki database.
-- This is read and executed by the install script; you should
-- not have to run it by itself unless doing a manual install.

--
-- General notes:
--
-- If possible, create tables as InnoDB to benefit from the
-- superior resiliency against crashes and ability to read
-- during writes (and write during reads!)
--
-- Only the 'searchindex' table requires MyISAM due to the
-- requirement for fulltext index support, which is missing
-- from InnoDB.
--
--
-- The MySQL table backend for MediaWiki currently uses
-- 14-character CHAR or VARCHAR fields to store timestamps.
-- The format is YYYYMMDDHHMMSS, which is derived from the
-- text format of MySQL's TIMESTAMP fields.
--
-- Historically TIMESTAMP fields were used, but abandoned
-- in early 2002 after a lot of trouble with the fields
-- auto-updating.
--
-- The PostgreSQL backend uses DATETIME fields for timestamps,
-- and we will migrate the MySQL definitions at some point as
-- well.
--
--
-- The /*$wgDBprefix*/ comments in this and other files are
-- replaced with the defined table prefix by the installer
-- and updater scripts. If you are installing or running
-- updates manually, you will need to manually insert the
-- table prefix if any when running these scripts.
--


--
-- The user table contains basic account information,
-- authentication keys, etc.
--
-- Some multi-wiki sites may share a single central user table
-- between separate wikis using the $wgSharedDB setting.
--
-- Note that when a external authentication plugin is used,
-- user table entries still need to be created to store
-- preferences and to key tracking information in the other
-- tables.
--
CREATE TABLE /*$wgDBprefix*/user (
  user_id int(5) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
  
  -- Usernames must be unique, must not be in the form of
  -- an IP address. _Shouldn't_ allow slashes or case
  -- conflicts. Spaces are allowed, and are _not_ converted
  -- to underscores like titles. See the User::newFromName() for
  -- the specific tests that usernames have to pass.
  user_name varchar(255) binary NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- Optional 'real name' to be displayed in credit listings
  user_real_name varchar(255) binary NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- Password hashes, normally hashed like so:
  -- MD5(CONCAT(user_id,'-',MD5(plaintext_password))), see
  -- wfEncryptPassword() in GlobalFunctions.php
  user_password tinyblob NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- When using 'mail me a new password', a random
  -- password is generated and the hash stored here.
  -- The previous password is left in place until
  -- someone actually logs in with the new password,
  -- at which point the hash is moved to user_password
  -- and the old password is invalidated.
  user_newpassword tinyblob NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- Note: email should be restricted, not public info.
  -- Same with passwords.
  user_email tinytext NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- Newline-separated list of name=value defining the user
  -- preferences
  user_options blob NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- This is a timestamp which is updated when a user
  -- logs in, logs out, changes preferences, or performs
  -- some other action requiring HTML cache invalidation
  -- to ensure that the UI is updated.
  user_touched char(14) binary NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- A pseudorandomly generated value that is stored in
  -- a cookie when the "remember password" feature is
  -- used (previously, a hash of the password was used, but
  -- this was vulnerable to cookie-stealing attacks)
  user_token char(32) binary NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- Initially NULL; when a user's e-mail address has been
  -- validated by returning with a mailed token, this is
  -- set to the current timestamp.
  user_email_authenticated CHAR(14) BINARY,
  
  -- Randomly generated token created when the e-mail address
  -- is set and a confirmation test mail sent.
  user_email_token CHAR(32) BINARY,
  
  -- Expiration date for the user_email_token
  user_email_token_expires CHAR(14) BINARY,

  -- Timestamp of account registration.
  -- Accounts predating this schema addition may contain NULL.
  user_registration CHAR(14) BINARY,

  PRIMARY KEY user_id (user_id),
  UNIQUE INDEX user_name (user_name),
  INDEX (user_email_token)

) TYPE=InnoDB, DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

--
-- User permissions have been broken out to a separate table;
-- this allows sites with a shared user table to have different
-- permissions assigned to a user in each project.
--
-- This table replaces the old user_rights field which used a
-- comma-separated blob.
--
CREATE TABLE /*$wgDBprefix*/user_groups (
  -- Key to user_id
  ug_user int(5) unsigned NOT NULL default '0',
  
  -- Group names are short symbolic string keys.
  -- The set of group names is open-ended, though in practice
  -- only some predefined ones are likely to be used.
  --
  -- At runtime $wgGroupPermissions will associate group keys
  -- with particular permissions. A user will have the combined
  -- permissions of any group they're explicitly in, plus
  -- the implicit '*' and 'user' groups.
  ug_group char(16) NOT NULL default '',
  
  PRIMARY KEY (ug_user,ug_group),
  KEY (ug_group)
) TYPE=InnoDB, DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- Stores notifications of user talk page changes, for the display
-- of the "you have new messages" box
CREATE TABLE /*$wgDBprefix*/user_newtalk (
  -- Key to user.user_id
  user_id int(5) NOT NULL default '0',
  -- If the user is an anonymous user hir IP address is stored here
  -- since the user_id of 0 is ambiguous
  user_ip varchar(40) NOT NULL default '',
  INDEX user_id (user_id),
  INDEX user_ip (user_ip)
) TYPE=InnoDB, DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;


--
-- Core of the wiki: each page has an entry here which identifies
-- it by title and contains some essential metadata.
--
CREATE TABLE /*$wgDBprefix*/page (
  -- Unique identifier number. The page_id will be preserved across
  -- edits and rename operations, but not deletions and recreations.
  page_id int(8) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
  
  -- A page name is broken into a namespace and a title.
  -- The namespace keys are UI-language-independent constants,
  -- defined in includes/Defines.php
  page_namespace int NOT NULL,
  
  -- The rest of the title, as text.
  -- Spaces are transformed into underscores in title storage.
  page_title varchar(255) binary NOT NULL,
  
  -- Comma-separated set of permission keys indicating who
  -- can move or edit the page.
  page_restrictions tinyblob NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- Number of times this page has been viewed.
  page_counter bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL default '0',
  
  -- 1 indicates the article is a redirect.
  page_is_redirect tinyint(1) unsigned NOT NULL default '0',
  
  -- 1 indicates this is a new entry, with only one edit.
  -- Not all pages with one edit are new pages.
  page_is_new tinyint(1) unsigned NOT NULL default '0',
  
  -- Random value between 0 and 1, used for Special:Randompage
  page_random real unsigned NOT NULL,
  
  -- This timestamp is updated whenever the page changes in
  -- a way requiring it to be re-rendered, invalidating caches.
  -- Aside from editing this includes permission changes,
  -- creation or deletion of linked pages, and alteration
  -- of contained templates.
  page_touched char(14) binary NOT NULL default '',

  -- Handy key to revision.rev_id of the current revision.
  -- This may be 0 during page creation, but that shouldn't
  -- happen outside of a transaction... hopefully.
  page_latest int(8) unsigned NOT NULL,
  
  -- Uncompressed length in bytes of the page's current source text.
  page_len int(8) unsigned NOT NULL,

  PRIMARY KEY page_id (page_id),
  UNIQUE INDEX name_title (page_namespace,page_title),
  
  -- Special-purpose indexes
  INDEX (page_random),
  INDEX (page_len)

) TYPE=InnoDB, DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

--
-- Every edit of a page creates also a revision row.
-- This stores metadata about the revision, and a reference
-- to the text storage backend.
--
CREATE TABLE /*$wgDBprefix*/revision (
  rev_id int(8) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
  
  -- Key to page_id. This should _never_ be invalid.
  rev_page int(8) unsigned NOT NULL,
  
  -- Key to text.old_id, where the actual bulk text is stored.
  -- It's possible for multiple revisions to use the same text,
  -- for instance revisions where only metadata is altered
  -- or a rollback to a previous version.
  rev_text_id int(8) unsigned NOT NULL,
  
  -- Text comment summarizing the change.
  -- This text is shown in the history and other changes lists,
  -- rendered in a subset of wiki markup by Linker::formatComment()
  rev_comment tinyblob NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- Key to user.user_id of the user who made this edit.
  -- Stores 0 for anonymous edits and for some mass imports.
  rev_user int(5) unsigned NOT NULL default '0',
  
  -- Text username or IP address of the editor.
  rev_user_text varchar(255) binary NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- Timestamp
  rev_timestamp char(14) binary NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- Records whether the user marked the 'minor edit' checkbox.
  -- Many automated edits are marked as minor.
  rev_minor_edit tinyint(1) unsigned NOT NULL default '0',
  
  -- Not yet used; reserved for future changes to the deletion system.
  rev_deleted tinyint(1) unsigned NOT NULL default '0',
  
  PRIMARY KEY rev_page_id (rev_page, rev_id),
  UNIQUE INDEX rev_id (rev_id),
  INDEX rev_timestamp (rev_timestamp),
  INDEX page_timestamp (rev_page,rev_timestamp),
  INDEX user_timestamp (rev_user,rev_timestamp),
  INDEX usertext_timestamp (rev_user_text,rev_timestamp)

) TYPE=InnoDB, DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;


--
-- Holds text of individual page revisions.
--
-- Field names are a holdover from the 'old' revisions table in
-- MediaWiki 1.4 and earlier: an upgrade will transform that
-- table into the 'text' table to minimize unnecessary churning
-- and downtime. If upgrading, the other fields will be left unused.
--
CREATE TABLE /*$wgDBprefix*/text (
  -- Unique text storage key number.
  -- Note that the 'oldid' parameter used in URLs does *not*
  -- refer to this number anymore, but to rev_id.
  --
  -- revision.rev_text_id is a key to this column
  old_id int(8) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
  
  -- Depending on the contents of the old_flags field, the text
  -- may be convenient plain text, or it may be funkily encoded.
  old_text mediumblob NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- Comma-separated list of flags:
  -- gzip: text is compressed with PHP's gzdeflate() function.
  -- utf8: text was stored as UTF-8.
  --       If $wgLegacyEncoding option is on, rows *without* this flag
  --       will be converted to UTF-8 transparently at load time.
  -- object: text field contained a serialized PHP object.
  --         The object either contains multiple versions compressed
  --         together to achieve a better compression ratio, or it refers
  --         to another row where the text can be found.
  old_flags tinyblob NOT NULL default '',
  
  PRIMARY KEY old_id (old_id)

) TYPE=InnoDB, DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

--
-- Holding area for deleted articles, which may be viewed
-- or restored by admins through the Special:Undelete interface.
-- The fields generally correspond to the page, revision, and text
-- fields, with several caveats.
--
CREATE TABLE /*$wgDBprefix*/archive (
  ar_namespace int NOT NULL default '0',
  ar_title varchar(255) binary NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- Newly deleted pages will not store text in this table,
  -- but will reference the separately existing text rows.
  -- This field is retained for backwards compatibility,
  -- so old archived pages will remain accessible after
  -- upgrading from 1.4 to 1.5.
  -- Text may be gzipped or otherwise funky.
  ar_text mediumblob NOT NULL default '',
  
  -- Basic revision stuff...
  ar_comment tinyblob NOT NULL default '',
  ar_user int(5) unsigned NOT NULL default '0',
  ar_user_text varchar(255) binary NOT NULL,
  ar_timestamp char(14) binary NOT NULL default '',
  ar_minor_edit tinyint(1) NOT NULL default '0',