ldapsearch.1

ldap服务器源码

.TH LDAPSEARCH 1 "RELEASEDATE" "OpenLDAP LDVERSION"
.\" $OpenLDAP: pkg/ldap/doc/man/man1/ldapsearch.1,v 1.49.2.11 2007/01/02 21:43:44 kurt Exp $
.\" Copyright 1998-2007 The OpenLDAP Foundation All Rights Reserved.
.\" Copying restrictions apply.  See COPYRIGHT/LICENSE.
.SH NAME
ldapsearch \- LDAP search tool
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B ldapsearch
[\c
.BR \-n ]
[\c
.BR \-u ]
[\c
.BR \-v ]
[\c
.BR \-t[t] ]
[\c
.BI \-T \ path\fR]
[\c
.BI \-F \ prefix\fR]
[\c
.BR \-A ]
[\c
.BR \-L[L[L]] ]
[\c
.BR \-M[M] ]
[\c
.BI \-S \ attribute\fR]
[\c
.BI \-d \ debuglevel\fR]
[\c
.BI \-f \ file\fR]
[\c
.BR \-x ]
[\c
.BI \-D \ binddn\fR]
[\c
.BR \-W ]
[\c
.BI \-w \ passwd\fR]
[\c
.BI \-y \ passwdfile\fR]
[\c
.BI \-H \ ldapuri\fR]
[\c
.BI \-h \ ldaphost\fR]
[\c
.BI \-p \ ldapport\fR]
[\c
.BI \-b \ searchbase\fR]
[\c
.BI \-s \ base\fR\||\|\fIone\fR\||\|\fIsub\fR\||\|\fIchildren\fR]
[\c
.BI \-a \ never\fR\||\|\fIalways\fR\||\|\fIsearch\fR\||\|\fIfind\fR]
[\c
.BI \-P \ 2\fR\||\|\fI3\fR]
[\c
.BR \-e \ [!]ext[=extparam]]
[\c
.BR \-E \ [!]ext[=extparam]]
[\c
.BI \-l \ timelimit\fR]
[\c
.BI \-z \ sizelimit\fR]
[\c
.BR \-O \ security-properties ]
[\c
.BR \-I ]
[\c
.BR \-Q ]
[\c
.BI \-U \ authcid\fR]
[\c
.BI \-R \ realm\fR]
[\c
.BI \-X \ authzid\fR]
[\c
.BI \-Y \ mech\fR]
[\c
.BR \-Z[Z] ]
.I filter
[\c
.IR attrs... ]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.I ldapsearch
is a shell-accessible interface to the
.BR ldap_search_ext (3)
library call.
.LP
.B ldapsearch
opens a connection to an LDAP server, binds, and performs a search
using specified parameters.   The \fIfilter\fP should conform to
the string representation for search filters as defined in RFC 4515.
If not provided, the default filter, (objectClass=*), is used.
.LP
If
.B ldapsearch
finds one or more entries, the attributes specified by
\fIattrs\fP are returned.  If * is listed, all user attributes are
returned.  If + is listed, all operational attributes are returned.
If no \fIattrs\fP are listed, all user attributes are returned.  If only
1.1 is listed, no attributes will be returned.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.B \-n
Show what would be done, but don't actually perform the search.  Useful for
debugging in conjunction with -v.
.TP
.B \-u
Include the User Friendly Name form of the Distinguished Name (DN)
in the output.
.TP
.B \-v
Run in verbose mode, with many diagnostics written to standard output.
.TP
.B \-t[t]
A single -t writes retrieved non-printable values to a set of temporary
files.  This is useful for dealing with values containing non-character
data such as jpegPhoto or audio. A second -t writes all retrieved values to
files.
.TP
.BI \-T \ path
Write temporary files to directory specified by \fIpath\fP (default:
/var/tmp/)
.TP
.BI \-F \ prefix
URL prefix for temporary files.  Default is file://\fIpath\fP/ where
\fIpath\fP is /var/tmp/ or specified with -T.
.TP
.B \-A
Retrieve attributes only (no values).  This is useful when you just want to
see if an attribute is present in an entry and are not interested in the
specific values.
.TP
.B \-L
Search results are display in LDAP Data Interchange Format detailed in
.BR ldif (5).
A single -L restricts the output to LDIFv1.
A second -L disables comments.
A third -L disables printing of the LDIF version.
The default is to use an extended version of LDIF.
.TP
.B \-M[M]
Enable manage DSA IT control.
.B \-MM
makes control critical.
.TP
.BI \-S \ attribute
Sort the entries returned based on \fIattribute\fP. The default is not
to sort entries returned.  If \fIattribute\fP is a zero-length string (""),
the entries are sorted by the components of their Distinguished Name.  See
.BR ldap_sort (3)
for more details. Note that
.B ldapsearch
normally prints out entries as it receives them. The use of the
.B \-S
option defeats this behavior, causing all entries to be retrieved,
then sorted, then printed.
.TP
.BI \-d \ debuglevel
Set the LDAP debugging level to \fIdebuglevel\fP.
.B ldapsearch
must be compiled with LDAP_DEBUG defined for this option to have any effect.
.TP
.BI \-f \ file
Read a series of lines from \fIfile\fP, performing one LDAP search for
each line.  In this case, the \fIfilter\fP given on the command line
is treated as a pattern where the first and only occurrence of \fB%s\fP
is replaced with a line from \fIfile\fP.  Any other occurence of the
the \fB%\fP character in the pattern will be regarded as an error.
Where it is desired that the search filter include a \fB%\fP character,
the character should be encoded as \fB\\25\fP (see RFC 4515).
If \fIfile\fP is a single
\fI-\fP character, then the lines are read from standard input.
.TP
.B \-x 
Use simple authentication instead of SASL.
.TP
.BI \-D \ binddn
Use the Distinguished Name \fIbinddn\fP to bind to the LDAP directory.
.TP
.B \-W
Prompt for simple authentication.
This is used instead of specifying the password on the command line.
.TP
.BI \-w \ passwd
Use \fIpasswd\fP as the password for simple authentication.
.TP
.BI \-y \ passwdfile
Use complete contents of \fIpasswdfile\fP as the password for
simple authentication.
.TP
.BI \-H \ ldapuri
Specify URI(s) referring to the ldap server(s); only the protocol/host/port
fields are allowed; a list of URI, separated by whitespace or commas
is expected.
.TP
.BI \-h \ ldaphost
Specify an alternate host on which the ldap server is running.
Deprecated in favor of -H.
.TP
.BI \-p \ ldapport
Specify an alternate TCP port where the ldap server is listening.
Deprecated in favor of -H.
.TP
.BI \-b \ searchbase
Use \fIsearchbase\fP as the starting point for the search instead of
the default.
.TP
.BI \-s \ base\fR\||\|\fIone\fR\||\|\fIsub\fR\||\|\fIchildren
Specify the scope of the search to be one of
.IR base ,
.IR one ,
.IR sub ,
or
.I children
to specify a base object, one-level, subtree, or children search.
The default is
.IR sub .
Note:
.I children
scope requires LDAPv3 subordinate feature extension.
.TP
.BI \-a \ never\fR\||\|\fIalways\fR\||\|\fIsearch\fR\||\|\fIfind
Specify how aliases dereferencing is done.  Should be one of
.IR never ,
.IR always ,
.IR search ,
or
.I find
to specify that aliases are never dereferenced, always dereferenced,
dereferenced when searching, or dereferenced only when locating the
base object for the search.  The default is to never dereference aliases.
.TP
.BI \-P \ 2\fR\||\|\fI3
Specify the LDAP protocol version to use.
.TP
.B \-e \fI[!]ext[=extparam]\fP
.TP
.B \-E \fI[!]ext[=extparam]\fP

Specify general extensions with -e and search extensions with -E.
\'!\' indicates criticality.

General extensions:
.nf
  [!]assert=<filter>   (an RFC 4515 Filter)
  [!]authzid=<authzid> ("dn:<dn>" or "u:<user>")
  [!]manageDSAit
  [!]noop
  ppolicy
  [!]postread[=<attrs>]        (a comma-separated attribute list)
  [!]preread[=<attrs>] (a comma-separated attribute list)
  abandon, cancel (SIGINT sends abandon/cancel; not really controls)
.fi

Search extensions:
.nf
  [!]domainScope                               (domain scope)
  [!]mv=<filter>                               (matched values filter)
  [!]pr=<size>[/prompt|noprompt]       (paged results/prompt)
  [!]subentries[=true|false]           (subentries)
  [!]sync=ro[/<cookie>]                        (LDAP Sync refreshOnly)
          rp[/<cookie>][/<slimit>]     (LDAP Sync refreshAndPersist)
.fi
.TP
.BI \-l \ timelimit
wait at most \fItimelimit\fP seconds for a search to complete.
A timelimit of
.I 0
(zero) or
.I none
means no limit.
A timelimit of
.I max
means the maximum integer allowable by the protocol.
A server may impose a maximal timelimit which only
the root user may override.
.TP
.BI \-z \ sizelimit
retrieve at most \fIsizelimit\fP entries for a search.
A sizelimit of
.I 0
(zero) or
.I none
means no limit.
A sizelimit of
.I max
means the maximum integer allowable by the protocol.
A server may impose a maximal sizelimit which only
the root user may override.
.TP
.BI \-O \ security-properties
Specify SASL security properties.
.TP
.B \-I
Enable SASL Interactive mode.  Always prompt.  Default is to prompt
only as needed.
.TP
.B \-Q
Enable SASL Quiet mode.  Never prompt.
.TP
.BI \-U \ authcid
Specify the authentication ID for SASL bind. The form of the ID
depends on the actual SASL mechanism used.
.TP
.BI \-R \ realm
Specify the realm of authentication ID for SASL bind. The form of the realm
depends on the actual SASL mechanism used.
.TP
.BI \-X \ authzid
Specify the requested authorization ID for SASL bind.
.I authzid
must be one of the following formats:
.B dn:\c
.I <distinguished name>
or
.B u:\c
.I <username>
.TP
.BI \-Y \ mech
Specify the SASL mechanism to be used for authentication. If it's not
specified, the program will choose the best mechanism the server knows.
.TP
.B \-Z[Z]
Issue StartTLS (Transport Layer Security) extended operation. If you use
.B \-ZZ\c
, the command will require the operation to be successful.
.SH OUTPUT FORMAT
If one or more entries are found, each entry is written to standard
output in LDAP Data Interchange Format or
.BR ldif (5):
.LP
.nf
    version: 1

    # bjensen, example, net
    dn: uid=bjensen,dc=example,dc=net
    objectClass: person
    objectClass: dcObject
    uid: bjensen
    cn: Barbara Jensen
    sn: Jensen
    ...
.fi
.LP
If the -t option is used, the URI of a temporary file
is used in place of the actual value.  If the -A option
is given, only the "attributename" part is written.
.SH EXAMPLE
The following command:
.LP
.nf
    ldapsearch -LLL "(sn=smith)" cn sn telephoneNumber
.fi
.LP
will perform a subtree search (using the default search base and
other parameters defined in
.BR ldap.conf (5))
for entries with a surname (sn) of smith.  The common name (cn), surname
(sn) and telephoneNumber values will be retrieved and printed to
standard output.
The output might look something like this if two entries are found:
.LP
.nf
    dn: uid=jts,dc=example,dc=com
    cn: John Smith
    cn: John T. Smith
    sn: Smith
    sn;lang-en: Smith
    sn;lang-de: Schmidt
    telephoneNumber: 1 555 123-4567

    dn: uid=sss,dc=example,dc=com
    cn: Steve Smith
    cn: Steve S. Smith
    sn: Smith
    sn;lang-en: Smith
    sn;lang-de: Schmidt
    telephoneNumber: 1 555 765-4321
.fi
.LP
The command:
.LP
.nf
    ldapsearch -LLL -u -t "(uid=xyz)" jpegPhoto audio
.fi
.LP
will perform a subtree search using the default search base for entries
with user id of "xyz".  The user friendly form of the entry's DN will be
output after the line that contains the DN itself, and the jpegPhoto
and audio values will be retrieved and written to temporary files.  The
output might look like this if one entry with one value for each of the
requested attributes is found:
.LP
.nf
    dn: uid=xyz,dc=example,dc=com
    ufn: xyz, example, com
    audio:< file:///tmp/ldapsearch-audio-a19924
    jpegPhoto:< file:///tmp/ldapsearch-jpegPhoto-a19924
.fi
.LP
This command:
.LP
.nf
    ldapsearch -LLL -s one -b "c=US" "(o=University*)" o description
.fi
.LP
will perform a one-level search at the c=US level for all entries
whose organization name (o) begins begins with \fBUniversity\fP.
The organization name and description attribute values will be retrieved
and printed to standard output, resulting in output similar to this:
.LP
.nf
    dn: o=University of Alaska Fairbanks,c=US
    o: University of Alaska Fairbanks
    description: Preparing Alaska for a brave new yesterday
    description: leaf node only

    dn: o=University of Colorado at Boulder,c=US
    o: University of Colorado at Boulder
    description: No personnel information
    description: Institution of education and research

    dn: o=University of Colorado at Denver,c=US
    o: University of Colorado at Denver
    o: UCD
    o: CU/Denver
    o: CU-Denver
    description: Institute for Higher Learning and Research

    dn: o=University of Florida,c=US
    o: University of Florida
    o: UFl
    description: Warper of young minds

    ...
.fi
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
Exit status is zero if no errors occur.
Errors result in a non-zero exit status and
a diagnostic message being written to standard error.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR ldapadd (1),
.BR ldapdelete (1),
.BR ldapmodify (1),
.BR ldapmodrdn (1),
.BR ldap.conf (5),
.BR ldif (5),
.BR ldap (3),
.BR ldap_search_ext (3),
.BR ldap_sort (3)
.SH AUTHOR
The OpenLDAP Project <http://www.openldap.org/>
.SH ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
.B OpenLDAP
is developed and maintained by The OpenLDAP Project (http://www.openldap.org/).
.B OpenLDAP
is derived from University of Michigan LDAP 3.3 Release.