display.c

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/*
 *  ReactOS kernel
 *  Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 ReactOS Team
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 */
/* $Id: display.c 21261 2006-03-08 23:26:25Z audit $
 *
 * COPYRIGHT:       See COPYING in the top level directory
 * PROJECT:         ReactOS kernel
 * FILE:            ntoskrnl/hal/x86/display.c
 * PURPOSE:         Blue screen display
 * PROGRAMMER:      Eric Kohl ([e-mail])
 * UPDATE HISTORY:
 *                  Created 08/10/99
 */

/*
 * Portions of this code are from the XFree86 Project and available from the
 * following license:
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1994-2003 The XFree86 Project, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to 
 * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
 * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
 * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * XFREE86 PROJECT BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
 * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CON-
 * NECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 *
 * Except as contained in this notice, the name of the XFree86 Project shall
 * not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other
 * dealings in this Software without prior written authorization from the
 * XFree86 Project.
*/  

/* DISPLAY OWNERSHIP
 *
 * So, who owns the physical display and is allowed to write to it?
 *
 * In MS NT, upon boot HAL owns the display. Somewhere in the boot
 * sequence (haven't figured out exactly where or by who), some
 * component calls HalAcquireDisplayOwnership. From that moment on,
 * the display is owned by that component and is switched to graphics
 * mode. The display is not supposed to return to text mode, except
 * in case of a bug check. The bug check will call HalDisplayString
 * to output a string to the text screen. HAL will notice that it
 * currently doesn't own the display and will re-take ownership, by
 * calling the callback function passed to HalAcquireDisplayOwnership.
 * After the bugcheck, execution is halted. So, under NT, the only
 * possible sequence of display modes is text mode -> graphics mode ->
 * text mode (the latter hopefully happening very infrequently).
 *
 * Things are a little bit different in the current state of ReactOS.
 * We want to have a functional interactive text mode. We should be
 * able to switch from text mode to graphics mode when a GUI app is
 * started and switch back to text mode when it's finished. Then, when
 * another GUI app is started, another switch to and from graphics mode
 * is possible. Also, when the system bugchecks in graphics mode we want
 * to switch back to text mode to show the registers and stack trace.
 * Last but not least, HalDisplayString is used a lot more in ReactOS,
 * e.g. to print debug messages when the /DEBUGPORT=SCREEN boot option
 * is present.
 * 3 Components are involved in Reactos: HAL, BLUE.SYS and VIDEOPRT.SYS.
 * As in NT, on boot HAL owns the display. When entering the text mode
 * command interpreter, BLUE.SYS kicks in. It will write directly to the
 * screen, more or less behind HALs back.
 * When a GUI app is started, WIN32K.SYS will open the DISPLAY device.
 * This open call will end up in VIDEOPRT.SYS. That component will then
 * take ownership of the display by calling HalAcquireDisplayOwnership.
 * When the GUI app terminates (WIN32K.SYS will close the DISPLAY device),
 * we want to give ownership of the display back to HAL. Using the
 * standard exported HAL functions, that's a bit of a problem, because
 * there is no function defined to do that. In NT, this is handled by
 * HalDisplayString, but that solution isn't satisfactory in ReactOS,
 * because HalDisplayString is (in some cases) also used to output debug
 * messages. If we do it the NT way, the first debug message output while
 * in graphics mode would switch the display back to text mode.
 * So, instead, if HalDisplayString detects that HAL doesn't have ownership
 * of the display, it doesn't do anything.
 * To return ownership to HAL, a new function is exported,
 * HalReleaseDisplayOwnership. This function is called by the DISPLAY
 * device Close routine in VIDEOPRT.SYS. It is also called at the beginning
 * of a bug check, so HalDisplayString is activated again.
 * Now, while the display is in graphics mode (not owned by HAL), BLUE.SYS
 * should also refrain from writing to the screen buffer. The text mode
 * screen buffer might overlap the graphics mode screen buffer, so changing
 * something in the text mode buffer might mess up the graphics screen. To
 * allow BLUE.SYS to detect if HAL owns the display, another new function is
 * exported, HalQueryDisplayOwnership. BLUE.SYS will call this function to
 * check if it's allowed to touch the text mode buffer.
 *
 * In an ideal world, when HAL takes ownership of the display, it should set
 * up the CRT using real-mode (actually V86 mode, but who cares) INT 0x10
 * calls. Unfortunately, this will require HAL to setup a real-mode interrupt
 * table etc. So, we chickened out of that by having the loader set up the
 * display before switching to protected mode. If HAL is given back ownership
 * after a GUI app terminates, the INT 0x10 calls are made by VIDEOPRT.SYS,
 * since there is already support for them via the VideoPortInt10 routine.
 */

#include <hal.h>
#define NDEBUG
#include <debug.h>


#define SCREEN_SYNCHRONIZATION

#define VGA_GRAPH_MEM 0xa0000
#define VGA_CHAR_MEM  0xb8000
#define VGA_END_MEM   0xbffff

#define VGA_AC_INDEX            0x3c0
#define VGA_AC_READ             0x3c1
#define VGA_AC_WRITE            0x3c0

#define VGA_MISC_WRITE          0x3c2

#define VGA_SEQ_INDEX           0x3c4
#define VGA_SEQ_DATA            0x3c5

#define VGA_DAC_MASK            0x3c6
#define VGA_DAC_READ_INDEX      0x3c7
#define VGA_DAC_WRITE_INDEX     0x3c8
#define VGA_DAC_DATA            0x3c9
#define VGA_FEATURE_READ        0x3ca
#define VGA_MISC_READ           0x3cc

#define VGA_GC_INDEX            0x3ce
#define VGA_GC_DATA             0x3cf

#define VGA_CRTC_INDEX          0x3d4
#define VGA_CRTC_DATA           0x3d5

#define VGA_INSTAT_READ         0x3da

#define VGA_SEQ_NUM_REGISTERS   5
#define VGA_CRTC_NUM_REGISTERS  25
#define VGA_GC_NUM_REGISTERS    9
#define VGA_AC_NUM_REGISTERS    21

#define CRTC_COLUMNS       0x01
#define CRTC_OVERFLOW      0x07
#define CRTC_ROWS          0x12
#define CRTC_SCANLINES     0x09

#define CRTC_CURHI         0x0e
#define CRTC_CURLO         0x0f


#define CHAR_ATTRIBUTE_BLACK  0x00  /* black on black */
#define CHAR_ATTRIBUTE        0x17  /* grey on blue */

#define FONT_AMOUNT        (8*8192)

/* VARIABLES ****************************************************************/

static ULONG CursorX = 0;      /* Cursor Position */
static ULONG CursorY = 0;
static ULONG SizeX = 80;       /* Display size */
static ULONG SizeY = 25;

static BOOLEAN DisplayInitialized = FALSE;
static BOOLEAN HalOwnsDisplay = TRUE;

static PUSHORT VideoBuffer = NULL;
static PUCHAR GraphVideoBuffer = NULL;

static PHAL_RESET_DISPLAY_PARAMETERS HalResetDisplayParameters = NULL;

static UCHAR SavedTextPalette[768];
static UCHAR SavedTextMiscOutReg;
static UCHAR SavedTextCrtcReg[VGA_CRTC_NUM_REGISTERS];
static UCHAR SavedTextAcReg[VGA_AC_NUM_REGISTERS];
static UCHAR SavedTextGcReg[VGA_GC_NUM_REGISTERS];
static UCHAR SavedTextSeqReg[VGA_SEQ_NUM_REGISTERS];
static UCHAR SavedTextFont[2][FONT_AMOUNT];
static BOOLEAN TextPaletteEnabled = FALSE;

/* PRIVATE FUNCTIONS *********************************************************/

VOID FASTCALL
HalClearDisplay (UCHAR CharAttribute)
{
   WORD *ptr = (WORD*)VideoBuffer;
   ULONG i;

  for (i = 0; i < SizeX * SizeY; i++, ptr++)
    *ptr = ((CharAttribute << 8) + ' ');

  CursorX = 0;
  CursorY = 0;
}


/* STATIC FUNCTIONS *********************************************************/

VOID STATIC
HalScrollDisplay (VOID)
{
  PUSHORT ptr;
  int i;

  ptr = VideoBuffer + SizeX;
  RtlMoveMemory(VideoBuffer,
		ptr,
		SizeX * (SizeY - 1) * 2);

  ptr = VideoBuffer  + (SizeX * (SizeY - 1));
  for (i = 0; i < (int)SizeX; i++, ptr++)
    {
      *ptr = (CHAR_ATTRIBUTE << 8) + ' ';
    }
}

VOID STATIC FASTCALL
HalPutCharacter (CHAR Character)
{
  PUSHORT ptr;

  ptr = VideoBuffer + ((CursorY * SizeX) + CursorX);
  *ptr = (CHAR_ATTRIBUTE << 8) + Character;
}

VOID STATIC
HalDisablePalette(VOID)
{
  (VOID)READ_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_INSTAT_READ);
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_AC_INDEX, 0x20);
  TextPaletteEnabled = FALSE;
}

VOID STATIC
HalEnablePalette(VOID)
{
  (VOID)READ_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_INSTAT_READ);
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_AC_INDEX, 0x00);
  TextPaletteEnabled = TRUE;
}

UCHAR STATIC FASTCALL
HalReadGc(ULONG Index)
{
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_GC_INDEX, (UCHAR)Index);
  return(READ_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_GC_DATA));
}

VOID STATIC FASTCALL
HalWriteGc(ULONG Index, UCHAR Value)
{
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_GC_INDEX, (UCHAR)Index);
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_GC_DATA, Value);
}

UCHAR STATIC FASTCALL
HalReadSeq(ULONG Index)
{
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_SEQ_INDEX, (UCHAR)Index);
  return(READ_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_SEQ_DATA));
}

VOID STATIC FASTCALL
HalWriteSeq(ULONG Index, UCHAR Value)
{
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_SEQ_INDEX, (UCHAR)Index);
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_SEQ_DATA, Value);
}

VOID STATIC FASTCALL
HalWriteAc(ULONG Index, UCHAR Value)
{
  if (TextPaletteEnabled)
    {
      Index &= ~0x20;
    }
  else
    {
      Index |= 0x20;
    }
  (VOID)READ_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_INSTAT_READ);
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_AC_INDEX, (UCHAR)Index);
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_AC_WRITE, Value);
}

UCHAR STATIC FASTCALL
HalReadAc(ULONG Index)
{
  if (TextPaletteEnabled)
    {
      Index &= ~0x20;
    }
  else
    {
      Index |= 0x20;
    }
  (VOID)READ_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_INSTAT_READ);
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_AC_INDEX, (UCHAR)Index);
  return(READ_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_AC_READ));
}

VOID STATIC FASTCALL
HalWriteCrtc(ULONG Index, UCHAR Value)
{
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_CRTC_INDEX, (UCHAR)Index);
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_CRTC_DATA, Value);
}

UCHAR STATIC FASTCALL
HalReadCrtc(ULONG Index)
{
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_CRTC_INDEX, (UCHAR)Index);
  return(READ_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_CRTC_DATA));
}

VOID STATIC FASTCALL
HalResetSeq(BOOLEAN Start)
{
  if (Start)
    {
      HalWriteSeq(0x00, 0x01);
    }
  else
    {
      HalWriteSeq(0x00, 0x03);
    }
}

VOID STATIC FASTCALL
HalBlankScreen(BOOLEAN On)
{
  UCHAR Scrn;

  Scrn = HalReadSeq(0x01);

  if (On)
    {
      Scrn &= ~0x20;
    }
  else
    {
      Scrn |= 0x20;
    }

  HalResetSeq(TRUE);
  HalWriteSeq(0x01, Scrn);
  HalResetSeq(FALSE);
}

VOID STATIC
HalSaveFont(VOID)
{
  UCHAR Attr10;
  UCHAR MiscOut, Gc4, Gc5, Gc6, Seq2, Seq4;
  ULONG i;

  /* Check if we are already in graphics mode. */
  Attr10 = HalReadAc(0x10);
  if (Attr10 & 0x01)
    {
      return;
    }

  /* Save registers. */
  MiscOut = READ_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_MISC_READ);
  Gc4 = HalReadGc(0x04);
  Gc5 = HalReadGc(0x05);
  Gc6 = HalReadGc(0x06);
  Seq2 = HalReadSeq(0x02);
  Seq4 = HalReadSeq(0x04);

  /* Force colour mode. */
  WRITE_PORT_UCHAR((PUCHAR)VGA_MISC_WRITE, (UCHAR)(MiscOut | 0x01));

  HalBlankScreen(FALSE);

  for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {