form1.cs

c#词法分析器 实现简单的词法分析功能

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;

namespace project1
{
	/// <summary>
	/// Form1 的摘要说明。
	/// </summary>
	public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
	{
		private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
		private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;
		private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3;
		private System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox richTextBox1;
		private System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox richTextBox2;
		private System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1;
		private System.Windows.Forms.SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog1;
		/// <summary>
		/// 必需的设计器变量。
		/// </summary>
		private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

		public Form1()
		{
			//
			// Windows 窗体设计器支持所必需的
			//
			InitializeComponent();

			//
			// TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 调用后添加任何构造函数代码
			//
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
		/// </summary>
		protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
		{
			if( disposing )
			{
				if (components != null) 
				{
					components.Dispose();
				}
			}
			base.Dispose( disposing );
		}

		#region Windows Form Designer generated code
		/// <summary>
		/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
		/// 此方法的内容。
		/// </summary>
		private void InitializeComponent()
		{
			this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
			this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
			this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
			this.richTextBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox();
			this.richTextBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox();
			this.openFileDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog();
			this.saveFileDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.SaveFileDialog();
			this.SuspendLayout();
			// 
			// button1
			// 
			this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(240, 16);
			this.button1.Name = "button1";
			this.button1.TabIndex = 0;
			this.button1.TabStop = false;
			this.button1.Text = "分析";
			this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
			// 
			// button2
			// 
			this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(56, 16);
			this.button2.Name = "button2";
			this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(112, 24);
			this.button2.TabIndex = 2;
			this.button2.Text = "读入待分析程序";
			this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);
			// 
			// button3
			// 
			this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 16);
			this.button3.Name = "button3";
			this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(112, 24);
			this.button3.TabIndex = 3;
			this.button3.Text = "保存分析结果";
			this.button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button3_Click);
			// 
			// richTextBox1
			// 
			this.richTextBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 56);
			this.richTextBox1.Name = "richTextBox1";
			this.richTextBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(240, 200);
			this.richTextBox1.TabIndex = 4;
			this.richTextBox1.Text = "";
			// 
			// richTextBox2
			// 
			this.richTextBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(288, 56);
			this.richTextBox2.Name = "richTextBox2";
			this.richTextBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(256, 200);
			this.richTextBox2.TabIndex = 5;
			this.richTextBox2.Text = "";
			// 
			// saveFileDialog1
			// 
			this.saveFileDialog1.FileName = "doc1";
			// 
			// Form1
			// 
			this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
			this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(560, 289);
			this.Controls.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.Control[] {
																		  this.richTextBox2,
																		  this.richTextBox1,
																		  this.button3,
																		  this.button2,
																		  this.button1});
			this.Name = "Form1";
			this.Text = "词法分析器";
			this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);
			this.ResumeLayout(false);

		}
		#endregion

		/// <summary>
		/// 应用程序的主入口点。
		/// </summary>
		[STAThread]
		static void Main() 
		{
			Application.Run(new Form1());
		}

		private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
		{
		
		}

		private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
		{
			//得到想要的字符数组。
			char[] getch = textToCharArray();

			//将字符数组，转换为词法分析后的　单词数组。
			string[] stringArray = charArrayToStringArray(getch);

			//将单词数组分类，用数字标出各个单词所在的类别。
			string[,] twoStringArray = stringArrayToTwoStringArray(stringArray);

			//用于输出二维数组。
			printString(twoStringArray);

		}
		/// <summary>
		/// 输出结果　即用于输出二维数组。
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="twoStringArray"></param>
		private void printString(string[,] twoStringArray)
		{
			//输出二维数组中的数据
			for(int x=0;x<twoStringArray.Length/2;x++)
			{
				for(int y=0;y<2;y++)
				{
					this.richTextBox2.Text = this.richTextBox2.Text + twoStringArray[y,x] + " ";
					if( y == 1)
					{
						this.richTextBox2.Text = this.richTextBox2.Text + "\r\n";
					}
				}
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// 打开文件
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="sender"></param>
		/// <param name="e"></param>
		private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)// 文件打开的方法。
		{
			openFileDialog1.Filter = "文本文件(*.txt)|*.txt";
			openFileDialog1.Title = "打开要分析的源文件。";

			if(openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
			{
				System.IO.StreamReader sr = new
					System.IO.StreamReader(openFileDialog1.FileName);
				this.richTextBox1.Text = sr.ReadToEnd();
				sr.Close();
			}
		}

		private void button3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
		{
			saveFileDialog1.Filter = "文本文件(*.txt)|*.txt";
			saveFileDialog1.Title = "保存分析结果.";
			if(saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
			{
				System.IO.StreamWriter wr = new
					System.IO.StreamWriter(saveFileDialog1.FileName);
				wr.Write(this.richTextBox2.Text);
				wr.Close();    
			}
		}
		/// <summary>
		/// 保存文件　
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="sender"></param>
		/// <param name="e"></param>

		/// <summary>
		/// 引用二维数组和单词的标志j
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="twoArray"></param>
		/// <param name="j"></param>
		private void oneArrayToTwo(ref string[,] twoArray,ref int j)
		{
 
			string[,] tempArray = twoArray;
			twoArray = new string[2,j+2];
			for(int x=0;x<2;x++)
			{
				for(int y=0;y<j+1;y++)
				{
					twoArray[x,y] = tempArray[x,y];
				}
			}
			j=j+1;  
		}
		/// <summary>
		/// 引用单词数组，和要加入单词数组的单词
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="stringArrange"></param>
		/// <param name="st"></param>
		private void stringToArrayString(ref string[] stringArrange, string st)
		{

			if(stringArrange[0] =="")
			{
				stringArrange[0] = st;
			}
			else
			{
				string[] oldA = stringArrange;//刚得到的字符串
				int i=oldA.Length +1;
				stringArrange = new string[i];//申请一个长一个的字符数组。
				oldA.CopyTo(stringArrange,0);//将先前的字符数组考到现在这个数组中。
				stringArrange[stringArrange.Length -1] = st;
			}
		}
		/// <summary>
		/// 将Text中的字符串，存入一个字符数组中。
		/// </summary>
		/// <returns></returns>
		private char[] textToCharArray()
		{
			string stringTemp;
			stringTemp = this.richTextBox1.Text;
			char[] getch = stringTemp.ToCharArray();//要处理的字符都在getch这个数组中。
			return getch;
		}
		/// <summary>
		/// 字符数组 到 单词数组
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="getch"></param>
		/// <returns></returns>
		private string[] charArrayToStringArray(char[] getch)//将字符数组转换为字符串数组。即词法分析后的单词数组。
		{
			string[] stringArrange={""} ;//用这个字符串数组存放词法分析后得到的单词。
			char charTemp;
			string stringSave = "";//  存放一个分析得到的单词

			//一次循环因得到一个单词。
			for(int i = 0;i < getch.Length;i++)
			{
				charTemp = getch[i];
    
				//由字母开头　数字和字母组成的单词。
				if( charTemp >= 'a'&& 
					charTemp <= 'z'
					|| 
					charTemp >= 'A' && 
					charTemp <= 'Z')
				{
					stringSave = charTemp.ToString();
					i = i + 1;
					int test = 0;//判断循环是否结束，1　为结束。
					while(test == 0)
					{
						charTemp = getch[i];
						if( charTemp >= 'a'&& 
							charTemp <= 'z' 
							|| 
							charTemp >= 'A' && 
							charTemp <= 'Z'
							|| 
							charTemp >= '0' && 
							charTemp <= '9')
						{
							stringSave = stringSave + charTemp.ToString();
							i = i + 1;
						}
						else
							test = 1;
					}
					stringToArrayString(ref stringArrange,stringSave);
				} 
				stringSave = "";
				//由数字组成的单词。
				if( charTemp >= '0' && 
					charTemp <= '9')
				{
					stringSave = stringSave + charTemp.ToString();
					i = i + 1;
					int test1 = 0;
					while(test1 == 0)
					{
						charTemp = getch[i];
						if( charTemp >= '0' && 
							charTemp <= '9')
						{
							stringSave = stringSave + charTemp.ToString();
							i = i + 1;
						}
						else
							test1 = 1;
					}
					stringToArrayString(ref stringArrange,stringSave);
				}
				stringSave = "";
				//由运算符组成的单词。
				if(    charTemp == '+'
					|| charTemp == '-'
					|| charTemp == '*'
					|| charTemp == '/' 
					|| charTemp == '='
					|| charTemp == '<' 
					|| charTemp == '>' 
					|| charTemp == '!')
				{
					stringSave = stringSave + charTemp.ToString();
					i = i + 1;
					int test2 = 0;
					while(test2 == 0)
					{
						charTemp = getch[i];
						if(    charTemp == '+' 
							|| charTemp == '-'
							|| charTemp == '*'
							|| charTemp == '/' 
							|| charTemp == '='
							|| charTemp == '<' 
							|| charTemp == '>'
							|| charTemp == '!')
						{
							stringSave = stringSave + charTemp.ToString();
							i = i + 1;
						}
						else
							test2 = 1;
					}
					stringToArrayString(ref stringArrange,stringSave);
				}
				stringSave = "";
				//由介符组成的单词。
				if(   charTemp == '(' 
					||charTemp == ')'
					||charTemp == '{'
					||charTemp == '}'
					||charTemp == '[' 
					||charTemp == ']'
					||charTemp == ',' 
					||charTemp == ':' 
					||charTemp == ';' 
					||charTemp == '"' 
					||charTemp == '\'' 
					||charTemp == '\\')
				{
					stringSave = stringSave + charTemp.ToString();
					stringToArrayString(ref stringArrange,stringSave);
				}
			}
			return stringArrange;
		}
		/// <summary>
		/// 单词数组 到 二维单词数组。
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="stringArray"></param>
		/// <returns></returns>
		private string[,] stringArrayToTwoStringArray(string[] stringArray)
		{
			//存放单词标识后的结果。
			string [,] twoArray = new string[2,1];
			//单词的标志
			int j=0;


			//每循环一次，把一个单词归于一类.
			for(int i=0;i<stringArray.Length;i++)
			{
				//保留字
				if(    stringArray[i] == "main" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "int" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "float" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "printf"
					|| stringArray[i] == "if" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "for" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "while" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "do"
					|| stringArray[i] == "return"
					|| stringArray[i] == "break" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "continue")
				{
					twoArray[0,j] = "保留字";
					twoArray[1,j] = stringArray[i];
					this.oneArrayToTwo(ref twoArray,ref j);
				}
					//运算符 
				else
					if( stringArray[i] == "+" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "-" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "*" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "/"
					|| stringArray[i] == ">" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "<" 
					|| stringArray[i] == ">=" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "<="
					|| stringArray[i] == "!=" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "==" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "++"
					|| stringArray[i] == "--"
					|| stringArray[i] == "=")
				{
					twoArray[0,j] = "运算符";
					twoArray[1,j] = stringArray[i];
					this.oneArrayToTwo(ref twoArray,ref j);
				}
					//分隔符
				else
					if( stringArray[i] == "(" 
					|| stringArray[i] == ")" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "{" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "}"
					|| stringArray[i] == "["
					|| stringArray[i] == "]" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "," 
					|| stringArray[i] == ";"
					|| stringArray[i] == ":" 
					|| stringArray[i] == "\""
					|| stringArray[i] == "/*"
					|| stringArray[i] == "*/")
				{
					twoArray[0,j] = "分隔符";
					twoArray[1,j] = stringArray[i];
					this.oneArrayToTwo(ref twoArray,ref j);
				}
					//数字
				else
					if( stringArray[i].ToCharArray()[0] >='0' &&
					stringArray[i].ToCharArray()[0] <= '9')
				{
					twoArray[0,j] = "数字";
					twoArray[1,j] = stringArray[i];
					this.oneArrayToTwo(ref twoArray,ref j);
				}
					//其它(变量等)
				else
				{
					twoArray[0,j] = "其它";
					twoArray[1,j] = stringArray[i];
					this.oneArrayToTwo(ref twoArray,ref j);
				}
			}
			return twoArray;
		}

	}
}