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<a name="navskip"></a><td height="25" colspan="4"><img alt="5.DB2 LOAD 实用程序" src="imagemaster/titlebar5.jpg" border="0" height="25" width="562"></td>
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<td width="90%"><font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica"><b>LOAD 实用程序概述</b></font></td><td width="200" align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica"><nobr> 第 1 页(共10 页)</nobr></font></td>
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<p>
<code>LOAD</code> 实用程序是另一种用数据来填充表的方法。经过格式化的页被直接写入数据库。这种机制允许进行比 <code>IMPORT</code> 实用程序更有效的数据移动。不过,<code>LOAD</code> 实用程序不执行某些操作,如引用或表约束检查以及触发器调用。</p>
<p>以下是 <code>LOAD</code> 命令的核心;该命令还支持其它一些选项和修饰符,将在这一章的后续页中对此加以介绍。要成功地执行该命令,就必须具有 SYSADM、DBADM 或 LOAD 权限,或者对装入过程中所涉及的表具有 INSERT 和/或 DELETE 特权。</p>
<pre>
<code style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: 12">
LOAD FROM <i>input_source</i> OF <i>input_type</i>
MESSAGES <i>message_file</i>
[ INSERT | REPLACE | TERMINATE | RESTART ]
INTO <i>target_tablename</i>
</code>
</pre>
<p>
<code>LOAD</code> 的源输入的格式可以是 DEL、ASC、PC/IXF 或 CURSOR。游标是从 <code>SELECT</code> 语句返回的结果集。使用 CURSOR 作为装入输入的示例显示如下:</p>
<pre>
<code style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace; font-size: 12">
DECLARE mycursor CURSOR FOR SELECT col1, col2, col3 FROM tab1;
LOAD FROM mycursor OF CURSOR INSERT INTO newtab;
</code>
</pre>
<p>装入目标必须存在,该实用程序才能启动。这个目标可以是表、类型表或表别名。不支持向系统表或临时表进行装入。</p>
<p>请使用 <code>MESSAGES</code> 选项来捕获装入期间的任何错误、警告和信息性消息。</p>
<p>
<code>LOAD</code> 可以以四种不同方式执行:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<b>INSERT</b> 方式将输入数据添加到表中,不更改现有表数据。</li>
<li>
<b>REPLACE</b> 方式从表中删除全部现有数据,然后用输入数据填充该表。</li>
<li>
<b>TERMINATE</b> 方式终止装入操作,然后回滚到装入操作的起始点。一个例外是:如果指定了 REPLACE 方式,那么表将会被截断。</li>
<li>
<b>RESTART</b> 方式用于重新启动以前中断的装入。它将自动从上一个一致性点继续操作。要使用该方式,请指定与前面的 <code>LOAD</code> 命令中相同的选项,但却使用 RESTART 方式。它允许该实用程序找到在装入处理期间生成的所有必需临时文件。因此,除非能够确信不需要从装入生成的临时文件,否则就不要以手工方式除去任何这类文件,这一点十分重要。一旦装入不出任何错误地完成,临时文件就会被自动除去。缺省情况下,临时文件是在当前工作目录中创建的。可以使用 <code>TEMPFILES PATH</code> 选项指定存储临时文件的目录。</li>
</ul>
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