test.data

Conditional Random Field（CRF）是重要的串学习模型

changing VBG O
the DT B
place NN I
he PRP B
sleeps VBZ O
every DT B
night NN I
, , O
sometimes RB B
more JJR I
than IN I
once RB I
a DT B
night NN I
. . O

His PRP$ B
meals NNS I
are VBP O
most RBS O
often RB O
prepared VBN O
by IN O
women NNS B
he PRP B
trusts VBZ O
-- : O
his PRP$ B
full-time JJ I
mistress NN I
, , O
Vicky NNP B
Amado NNP I
, , O
and CC O
her PRP$ B
mother NN I
, , O
Norma NNP B
. . O

And CC O
he PRP B
is VBZ O
collecting VBG O
the DT B
names NNS I
of IN O
those DT B
who WP B
telephoned VBD O
the DT B
coup-makers NNS I
to TO O
congratulate VB O
them PRP B
during IN O
their PRP$ B
brief JJ I
time NN I
in IN O
control NN B
of IN O
his PRP$ B
headquarters NN I
. . O

More JJR B
enemies NNS I
to TO O
be VB O
dealt VBN O
with RB O
. . O

In IN O
the DT B
two CD I
weeks NNS I
since IN O
the DT B
rebellion NN I
, , O
which WDT B
the DT B
U.S. NNP I
hesitantly RB O
backed VBD O
, , O
Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
has VBZ O
been VBN O
at IN O
his PRP$ B
most RBS I
brutal JJ I
- : I
and CC I
efficient JJ I
- : I
in IN O
maintaining VBG O
power NN B
. . O

Yet RB O
, , O
while IN O
the DT B
failed VBN I
coup NN I
is VBZ O
a DT B
major JJ I
U.S. NNP I
foreign JJ I
policy NN I
embarrassment NN I
, , O
it PRP B
is VBZ O
merely RB B
the DT I
latest JJS I
chapter NN I
in IN O
a DT B
byzantine JJ I
relationship NN I
between IN O
Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
and CC O
Washington NNP B
that IN B
stretches NNS O
back RB O
three CD B
decades NNS I
. . O

America NNP B
's POS B
war NN I
on IN O
the DT B
dictator NN I
over IN O
the DT B
past JJ I
two CD I
years NNS I
, , O
following VBG O
his PRP$ B
indictment NN I
on IN O
drug NN B
charges NNS I
in IN O
February NNP B
1988 CD I
, , O
is VBZ O
the DT B
legacy NN I
of IN O
that DT B
relationship NN I
. . O

Before IN O
American JJ B
foreign JJ I
policy NN I
set VBN O
out IN O
to TO O
destroy VB O
Noriega NNP B
, , O
it PRP B
helped VBD O
create VB O
him PRP B
out IN O
of IN O
the DT B
crucible NN I
of IN O
Panama NNP B
's POS B
long JJ I
history NN I
of IN O
conspirators NNS B
and CC I
pirates NNS I
. . O

For IN O
most RBS B
of IN I
the DT I
past JJ I
30 CD I
years NNS I
, , O
the DT B
marriage NN I
was VBD O
one CD B
of IN O
convenience NN B
. . O

In IN O
1960 CD B
, , O
for IN O
example NN B
, , O
when WRB O
Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
was VBD O
both DT O
a DT B
cadet NN I
at IN O
an DT B
elite NN I
military JJ I
academy NN I
in IN O
Peru NNP B
and CC O
a DT B
spy-in-training NN I
for IN O
the DT B
U.S. NNP I
Defense NNP I
Intelligence NNP I
Agency NNP I
, , O
he PRP B
was VBD O
detained VBN O
by IN O
Lima NNP B
authorities NNS I
for IN O
allegedly RB O
raping VBG O
and CC O
savagely RB O
beating VBG O
a DT B
prostitute NN I
, , O
according VBG O
to TO O
a DT B
U.S. NNP I
Embassy NNP I
cable NN I
from IN O
that DT B
period NN I
. . O

The DT B
woman NN I
had VBD O
nearly RB O
died VBN O
. . O

But CC O
U.S. NNP B
intelligence NN I
, , O
rather RB O
than IN O
rein NN O
in IN O
or CC O
cut NN O
loose JJ O
its PRP$ B
new JJ I
spy NN I
, , O
merely RB O
filed VBN O
the DT B
report NN I
away RB O
. . O

Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
's POS B
tips NNS I
on IN O
emerging VBG B
leftists NNS I
at IN O
his PRP$ B
school NN I
were VBD O
deemed VBN O
more RBR O
important JJ O
to TO O
U.S. NNP B
interests NNS I
. . O

From IN O
that DT B
point NN I
on IN I
, , O
the DT B
U.S. NNP I
would MD O
make VB O
a DT B
practice NN I
of IN O
overlooking VBG O
the DT B
Panamanian NNP I
's POS B
misadventures NNS I
. . O

The DT B
U.S. NNP I
has VBZ O
befriended VBN O
and CC O
later RB O
turned VBD O
against IN O
many JJ B
dictators NNS I
, , O
but CC O
none NN B
quite RB O
so RB O
resourceful JJ O
. . O

The DT B
55-year-old NNP I
Mr. NNP I
Noriega NNP I
is VBZ O
n't RB O
as RB O
smooth JJ O
as IN O
the DT B
shah NN I
of IN O
Iran NNP B
, , O
as RB O
well-born JJ O
as IN O
Nicaragua NNP B
's POS B
Anastasio NNP I
Somoza NNP I
, , O
as RB O
imperial JJ O
as IN O
Ferdinand NNP B
Marcos NNP I
of IN O
the DT B
Philippines NNP I
or CC O
as RB O
bloody JJ O
as IN O
Haiti NNP B
's POS B
Baby NNP I
Doc NNP I
Duvalier NNP I
. . O

Yet RB O
he PRP B
has VBZ O
proved VBN O
more RBR O
resilient JJ O
than IN O
any DT B
of IN O
them PRP B
. . O

And CC O
out IN O
of IN O
necessity NN B
: : O
The DT B
U.S. NNP I
can MD O
make VB O
mistakes NNS B
and CC O
still JJ O
hope NN O
to TO O
remove VB O
him PRP B
from IN O
power NN B
, , O
but CC O
a DT B
single JJ I
error NN I
on IN O
his PRP$ B
part NN I
could MD O
cost VB O
him PRP B
his PRP$ B
life NN I
. . O

`` `` O
The DT B
U.S. NNP I
underestimated VBD O
Noriega NNP B
all DT O
along IN O
, , O
'' '' O
says VBZ O
Ambler NNP B
Moss NNP I
, , O
a DT B
former JJ I
Ambassador NNP I
to TO O
Panama NNP B
. . O

`` `` O
He PRP B
has VBZ O
mastered VBN O
the DT B
art NN I
of IN O
survival NN B
. . O
'' '' O

In IN O
keeping VBG O
with IN O
America NNP B
's POS B
long JJ I
history NN I
of IN O
propping VBG O
up IN O
Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
, , O
recent JJ B
U.S. NNP I
actions NNS I
have VBP O
extended VBN O
rather RB O
than IN O
shortened VBN O
his PRP$ B
survival NN I
. . O

Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
might MD O
have VB O
fallen VBN O
of IN O
his PRP$ B
own JJ I
weight NN I
in IN O
1988 CD B
because IN O
of IN O
Panama NNP B
's POS B
dire JJ I
economic JJ I
situation NN I
, , O
says VBZ O
Mr. NNP B
Moss NNP I
, , O
but CC O
increasing VBG B
external JJ I
pressure NN I
has VBZ O
only RB O
given VBN O
him PRP B
additional JJ B
excuses NNS I
for IN O
repression NN B
, , O
and CC O
a DT B
scapegoat NN I
for IN O
his PRP$ B
own JJ I
mismanagement NN I
. . O

`` `` O
If IN O
the DT B
U.S. NNP I
had VBD O
sat VBN O
back RB O
and CC O
done VBN O
nothing NN B
, , O
he PRP B
might MD O
not RB O
have VB O
made VBN O
it PRP B
through IN O
1988 CD B
, , O
'' '' O
Mr. NNP B
Moss NNP I
contends VBZ O
. . O

Perhaps RB O
most RBS O
important JJ O
, , O
Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
's POS B
allies NNS I
have VBP O
intervened VBN O
to TO O
encourage VB O
-- : O
in IN O
some DT B
cases NNS I
, , O
to TO O
demand VB O
-- : O
that IN O
the DT B
dictator NN I
maintain VB O
his PRP$ B
grip NN I
of IN O
the DT B
throne NN I
. . O

One CD B
Colombian JJ I
drug NN I
boss NN I
, , O
upon IN O
hearing NN O
in IN O
1987 CD B
that IN O
Gen. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
was VBD O
negotiating VBG O
with IN O
the DT B
U.S. NNP I
to TO O
abandon VB O
his PRP$ B
command NN I
for IN O
a DT B
comfortable JJ I
exile NN I
, , O
sent VBD O
him PRP B
a DT B
hand-sized JJ I
mahogany NN I
coffin NN I
engraved VBN O
with IN O
his PRP$ B
name NN I
. . O

`` `` O
He PRP B
is VBZ O
cornered VBN O
, , O
'' '' O
says VBZ O
the DT B
Rev. NNP I
Fernando NNP I
Guardia NNP I
, , O
who WP B
has VBZ O
led VBN O
Catholic NNP B
Church NNP I
opposition NN I
against IN O
Noriega NNP B
. . O

`` `` O
The DT B
Americans NNPS I
have VBP O
left VBN O
him PRP B
without IN O
a DT B
way NN I
out RB I
. . O

It PRP B
is VBZ O
easy JJ O
to TO O
fight VB O
when WRB O
you PRP B
do VBP O
n't RB O
have VB O
any DT B
other JJ I
option NN I
. . O
'' '' O

His PRP$ B
chief JJ I
advantage NN I
in IN O
the DT B
fight NN I
: : O
his PRP$ B
intimate JJ I
knowledge NN I
of IN O
American JJ B
ways NNS I
and CC I
weaknesses NNS I
. . O

Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
often RB O
tells VBZ O
friends NNS B
that WDT O
patience NN B
is VBZ O
the DT B
best JJS I
weapon NN I
against IN O
the DT B
gringos NNS I
, , O
who WP B
have VBP O
a DT B
short JJ I
attention NN I
span NN I
and CC O
little JJ B
stomach NN I
for IN O
lasting VBG B
confrontation NN I
. . O

The DT B
U.S. NNP I
discovered VBD O
the DT B
young JJ I
Tony NNP I
Noriega NNP I
in IN O
late JJ B
1959 CD I
, , O
when WRB O
he PRP B
was VBD O
in IN O
his PRP$ B
second JJ I
year NN I
at IN O
the DT B
Chorrillos NNP I
Military NNP I
Academy NNP I
in IN O
Lima NNP B
, , O
according VBG O
to TO O
former JJ B
U.S. NNP I
intelligence NN I
officials NNS I
. . O

The DT B
contact NN I
occurred VBD O
through IN O
Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
's POS B
half-brother NN I
, , O
a DT B
Panamanian JJ I
diplomat NN I
based VBN O
in IN O
Peru NNP B
named VBD O
Luis NNP B
Carlos NNP I
Noriega NNP I
Hurtado NNP I
. . O

Luis NNP B
Carlos NNP I
, , O
knowing VBG O
that IN O
helping VBG O
the DT B
Americans NNPS I
could MD O
advance VB O
the DT B
career NN I
of IN O
any DT B
Panamanian JJ I
officer NN I
, , O
relayed VBD O
Tony NNP B
's POS B
reports NNS I
on IN O
the DT B
leftist JJ I
tendencies NNS I
he PRP B
observed VBD O
among IN O
his PRP$ B
fellow NN I
students NNS I
and CC O
, , O
more RBR O
important JJ O
, , O
among IN O
his PRP$ B
officers NNS I
and CC I
instructors NNS I
. . O

A DT B
spy NN I
was VBD O
born VBN O
. . O

It PRP B
was VBD O
a DT B
heady JJ I
experience NN I
for IN O
the DT B
pockmarked JJ I
and CC I
slightly RB I
built VBN I
Mr. NNP I
Noriega NNP I
, , O
who WP B
was VBD O
known VBN O
to TO O
his PRP$ B
friends NNS I
as IN O
Cara NNP B
la FW I
Pina NNP I
-- : O
pineapple NN B
face NN I
. . O

Born VBN O
the DT B
illegitimate JJ I
son NN I
of IN O
his PRP$ B
father NN I
's POS B
maid NN I
, , O
he PRP B
was VBD O
raised VBN O
on IN O
the DT B
mean NN I
streets NNS I
of IN O
the DT B
central JJ I
market NN I
district NN I
of IN O
Panama NNP B
City NNP I
. . O

Tony NNP B
was VBD O
four CD B
years NNS I
older JJR O
than IN O
most RBS B
of IN O
his PRP$ B
fellow NN I
cadets NNS I
, , O
and CC O
gained VBD O
admission NN B
to TO O
the DT B
academy NN I
because IN O
his PRP$ B
brother NN I
had VBD O
falsified VBN O
his PRP$ B
birth NN I
certificate NN I
. . O

He PRP B
considered VBD O
himself PRP B
intellectually RB O
superior JJ O
to TO O
his PRP$ B
Peruvian JJ I
peers NNS I
, , O
many NN O
of IN O
whom WP B
were VBD O
wayward JJ B
sons NNS I
sent VBN O
by IN O
their PRP$ B
well-off JJ I
families NNS I
to TO O
the DT B
highly RB I
disciplined VBN I
, , I
French-modeled JJ I
academy NN I
as IN O
a DT B
sort NN I
of IN O
reform NN B
school NN I
. . O

In IN O
his PRP$ B
peaked VBD I
military JJ I
cap NN I
and CC I
neatly RB I
pressed VBN I
, , I
French-made JJ I
uniform NN I
, , O
Noriega NNP B
felt VBD O
more RBR O
respected VBN O
and CC O
powerful JJ O
than IN O
ever RB B
in IN O
his PRP$ B
underprivileged JJ I
life NN I
, , O
friends NNS B
from IN O
the DT B
period NN I
say VBP O
. . O

`` `` O
He PRP B
had VBD O
an DT B
elegant JJ I
uniform NN I
with IN O
gold NN B
buttons NNS I
in IN O
a DT B
country NN I
where WRB O
there EX B
was VBD O
a DT B
cult NN I
of IN O
militarism NN B
, , O
where WRB O
officers NNS B
were VBD O
the DT B
elite NN I
with IN O
special JJ B
privileges NNS I
, , O
'' '' O
recalls VBZ O
Darien NNP B
Ayala NNP I
, , O
a DT B
fellow NN I
student NN I
in IN O
Peru NNP B
and CC O
a DT B
lifelong JJ I
friend NN I
. . O

Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
's POS B
relationship NN I
to TO O
American JJ B
intelligence NN I
agencies NNS I
became VBD O
contractual JJ O
in IN O
either DT B
1966 CD I
or CC I
1967 CD I
, , O
intelligence NN B
officials NNS I
say VBP O
. . O

His PRP$ B
commanding NN I
officer NN I
at IN O
the DT B
Chiriqui NNP I
Province NNP I
garrison NN I
, , O
Major NNP B
Omar NNP I
Torrijos NNP I
, , O
gave VBD O
him PRP B
an DT B
intriguing JJ I
assignment NN I
: : O
Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
would MD O
organize VB O
the DT B
province NN I
's POS B
first JJ I
intelligence NN I
service NN I
. . O

The DT B
spy NN I
network NN I
would MD O
serve VB O
two CD B
clients NNS I
: : O
the DT B
Panamanian JJ I
government NN I
, , O
by IN O
monitoring VBG O
political JJ B
opponents NNS I
in IN O
the DT B
region NN I
, , O
and CC O
the DT B
U.S. NNP I
, , O
by IN O
tracking VBG O
the DT B
growing VBG I
Communist NNP I
influence NN I
in IN O
the DT B
unions NNS I
organized VBN O
at IN O
United NNP B
Fruit NNP I
Co. NNP I
's POS B
banana NN I
plantations NNS I
in IN O
Bocas NNP B
del NNP I
Toros NNP I
and CC O
Puerto NNP B
Armuelles NNP I
. . O

United NNP B
Fruit NNP I
was VBD O
one CD B
of IN O
the DT B
two CD I
largest JJS I
contributors NNS I
to TO O
Panama NNP B
's POS B
national JJ I
income NN I
. . O

Satisfying VBG O
its PRP$ B
interests NNS I
was VBD O
a DT B
priority NN I
for IN O
any DT B
Panamanian JJ I
leader NN I
. . O

Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
's POS B
initial JJ I
retainer NN I
was VBD O
only RB B
$ $ I
50 CD I
to TO I
$ $ I
100 CD I
a DT B
month NN I
, , O
plus CC O
occasional JJ B
gifts NNS I
of IN O
liquor NN B
or CC I
groceries NNS I
from IN O
the DT B
American NNP I
PX NNP I
, , O
a DT B
former JJ I
intelligence NN I
official NN I
says NNS O
. . O

It PRP B
was VBD O
modest JJ B
pay NN I
by IN O
American JJ B
standards NNS I
, , O
but CC O
a DT B
healthy JJ I
boost NN I
to TO O
his PRP$ B
small JJ I
military JJ I
salary NN I
, , O
which WDT B
fellow NN B
officers NNS I
remember VBP O
as IN O
having VBG O
been VBN O
$ $ B
300 CD I
to TO I
$ $ I
400 CD I
monthly JJ O
. . O

`` `` O
He PRP B
did VBD O
it PRP B
very RB O
well RB O
, , O
'' '' O
recalls VBZ O
Boris NNP B
Martinez NNP I
, , O
a DT B
former JJ I
Panamanian JJ I
colonel NN I
who WP B
managed VBD O
Mr. NNP B
Noriega NNP I
and CC O
his PRP$ B
operation NN I
. . O

`` `` O
He PRP B
started VBD O
building VBG O
the DT B
files NNS I
that WDT B
helped VBD O
him PRP B