flash.c

LPC Flash Programming Routines for LPC21

/******************************************************************************
 *
 * $RCSfile: $
 * $Revision: $
 *
 * This module provides interface routines to the LPC ARM Flash IAP.
 * Copyright 2004, 2005 R O SoftWare
 * No guarantees, warrantees, or promises, implied or otherwise.
 * May be used for hobby or commercial purposes provided copyright
 * notice remains intact.
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
#include <string.h>
#include "lpc.h"
#include "flash.h"
#include "armISR.h"

#define CCLK          (60000000)        // CPU Clock Speed

#ifndef MIN
#define MIN(n,m)      (((n) < (m)) ? (n) : (m))
#endif

#define IAP_LOCATION  0x7FFFFFF1ul

static int lastSector;
static unsigned long flashParams[5];

/******************************************************************************
 *
 * Function Name: callIAP()
 *
 * Description:
 *    This function loads the address of flashParams[] into r0 & r1
 *    then calls the LPC's IAP (Thumb mode) code.
 *
 * Calling Sequence: 
 *    void
 *
 * Returns:
 *    void
 *
 * NOTES:
 *    - We don't make this an inline function because the call to the
 *    IAP code is made from assembly language therefore the compiler
 *    doesn't realize other registers are possibly being altered.
 *    - pFP is in the source list of the asm so its assignment to the
 *    address of flashParams[] is not optimized away.
 *    - 'lr' is not assigned prior to 'bx' so the IAP code will return
 *    directly to this functions caller
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
static void callIAP(void) __attribute((naked));
static void callIAP(void)
{
  // fast way to get the address of flashParams[] directly into r0
  register void *pFP asm("r0") = flashParams;

  asm volatile(" mov r1, r0\n"          // copy &flashParams[] into r1
               " bx  %[iapLocation]"    // 'bx' because IAP is Thumb mode
               :
               : "r" (pFP), [iapLocation] "r" (IAP_LOCATION)
               : "r1" );
}

/******************************************************************************
 *
 * Function Name: flashBlank()
 *
 * Description:
 *    This function checks if the range of specified sectors is erased.
 *
 * Calling Sequence: 
 *    startSector - first sector to be erased
 *    endSector - last sector to be erased
 *
 * Returns:
 *    0 - success, else error code
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
int flashBlank(int startSector, int endSector)
{
  flashParams[0] = 53;                  // blank check
  flashParams[1] = startSector;         // start sector
  flashParams[2] = endSector;           // end sector
  callIAP();
  return (int)flashParams[0];
}

/******************************************************************************
 *
 * Function Name: flashErase()
 *
 * Description:
 *    This function erases the range of specified sectors
 *
 * Calling Sequence: 
 *    startSector - first sector to be erased
 *    endSector - last sector to be erased
 *
 * Returns:
 *    0 - success, else error code
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
int flashErase(int startSector, int endSector)
{
  unsigned long cpsr;
  unsigned char memmap;

  cpsr = disableINTs();                 // disable all interrupts
  memmap = MEMMAP;                      // get current memory map
  MEMMAP = MEMMAP_FLASH;                // map User Flash into low 64 bytes

  flashParams[0] = 50;                  // prepare sector(s)
  flashParams[1] = startSector;         // start sector
  flashParams[2] = endSector;           // end sector
  callIAP();

  if (flashParams[0] == CMD_SUCCESS)
    {
    flashParams[0] = 52;                // erase sector(s)
    flashParams[1] = startSector;       // start sector
    flashParams[2] = endSector;         // end sector
    flashParams[3] = CCLK/1000;         // cpu clock freq in KHz
    callIAP();
    }

  MEMMAP = memmap & 0x03;               // restore the memory map
  restoreINTs(cpsr);                    // restore all interrupts
  return (int)flashParams[0];
}

/******************************************************************************
 *
 * Function Name: flashWrite()
 *
 * Description:
 *    This function writes byteCount bytes of data from the src location
 *    to the dst location in flash.
 *
 * Calling Sequence: 
 *    *dst - location in flash at which to start writing
 *    *src - location from which to get data (word boundary)
 *    byteCount - number of bytes to write
 *
 * Returns:
 *    0 - success, else error code
 *
 *  NOTE: When programming data into a sector that is already partially
 *  programmed, all new data MUST be programmed into previously
 *  unprogrammed 16-byte (128-bit) blocks.  This requirement is NOT
 *  currently checked or enforced by this routine.  See msgs by Philps
 *  Tech Support in the LPC2100 mailing list on Yahoo for more details.
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
int flashWrite(void *dst, void *src, unsigned byteCount)
{
  unsigned char memmap;
  unsigned long cpsr, count;
  unsigned long buffer[512/sizeof (long)];

  if ((lastSector == 0) &&
      (flashInit() == LPCUNKN))
    return BUSY;

  while (byteCount)
    {
    cpsr = disableINTs();               // disable all interrupts
    memmap = MEMMAP;                    // get current memory map
    MEMMAP = MEMMAP_FLASH;              // map User Flash into low 64 bytes

    // prepare all sectors for programing
    flashParams[0] = 50;                // prepare sectors
    flashParams[1] = 0;                 // start sector
    flashParams[2] = lastSector;        // last sector
    callIAP();

    if (flashParams[0] != CMD_SUCCESS)
      {
      MEMMAP = memmap & 0x03;           // restore the memory map
      restoreINTs(cpsr);                // restore all interrupts
      return flashParams[0];
      }

    // check if dst is on 512 byte boundary
    if ((unsigned long)dst & 0x1FF)
      {
      // no, copy 512 bytes from flash into buffer
      memcpy(buffer, (void *)((unsigned long)dst & ~0x1FF), 512);

      // copy src into buffer
      count = MIN(byteCount, (512 - ((unsigned long)dst & 0x1FF)));
      memcpy((char *)buffer + ((unsigned long)dst & 0x1FF), src, count);

      flashParams[0] = 51;              // copy RAM to Flash
      flashParams[1] = (unsigned long)dst & ~0x1FF; // destination
      flashParams[2] = (unsigned long)buffer; // source
      flashParams[3] = 512;             // byte count
      flashParams[4] = CCLK/1000;       // CCLK in KHz
      callIAP();

      MEMMAP = memmap & 0x03;           // restore the memory map
      restoreINTs(cpsr);                // restore all interrupts

      if (flashParams[0] != CMD_SUCCESS)
        return (int)flashParams[0];

      dst = (char *)dst + count;
      src = (char *)src + count;
      byteCount -= count;
      continue;                         // restart the loop to prepare sectors again
      }

    // dst is now aligned on a 512 byte boundary
    // find the biggest chunk we can program at a time
    if (byteCount >= 8192)
      count = 8192;
    else if (byteCount >= 4096)
      count = 4096;
    else if (byteCount >= 1024)
      count = 1024;
    else if (byteCount >= 512)
      count = 512;
    else
      count = byteCount;

    if (count < 512)
      {
      memcpy(buffer, dst, 512);           // copy current flash contents into buffer
      memcpy(buffer, src, count);          // update buffer with the new contents
      flashParams[2] = (unsigned long)buffer; // source
      flashParams[3] = 512;             // byte count
      }
    else
      {
      flashParams[2] = (unsigned long)src;
      flashParams[3] = count;           // byte count
      }

    flashParams[0] = 51;                // copy RAM to Flash
    flashParams[1] = (unsigned long)dst; // destination
    flashParams[4] = CCLK/1000;         // CCLK in KHz
    callIAP();

    MEMMAP = memmap & 0x03;             // restore the memory map
    restoreINTs(cpsr);                  // restore all interrupts

    if (flashParams[0] != CMD_SUCCESS)
      return (int)flashParams[0];

    dst = (char *)dst + count;
    src = (char *)src + count;
    byteCount -= count;
    }

  return CMD_SUCCESS;
}

/******************************************************************************
 *
 * Function Name: flashInit()
 *
 * Description:
 *    This function tests if the LPC has 128K or 256K of flash and
 *    returns the result.
 *
 * Calling Sequence: 
 *    void
 *
 * Returns:
 *    LPC128K, LPC256K, or LPCUNKN (on error)
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
int flashInit(void)
{
  lastSector = 0;                       // clear last usable sector #

  switch (flashBlank(16, 16))           // check last sector of 256K parts
    {
    case CMD_SUCCESS:
    case SECTOR_NOT_BLANK:
      lastSector = 16;                  // store last usable sector #
      return LPC256K;

    case INVALID_SECTOR:
      break;

    default:
      return LPCUNKN;
    }

  switch (flashBlank(14, 14))           // check last sector of 128K parts
    {
    case CMD_SUCCESS:
    case SECTOR_NOT_BLANK:
      lastSector = 14;                  // store last usable sector #
      return LPC128K;

    default:
      break;
    }

  return LPCUNKN;
}