pngencoder.java

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     * Write an array of bytes into the pngBytes array.
     * Note: This routine has the side effect of updating
     * maxPos, the largest element written in the array.
     * The array is resized by 1000 bytes or the length
     * of the data to be written, whichever is larger.
     *
     * @param data The data to be written into pngBytes.
     * @param offset The starting point to write to.
     * @return The next place to be written to in the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected int writeBytes(byte[] data, int offset) {
        maxPos = Math.max(maxPos, offset + data.length);
        if (data.length + offset > pngBytes.length) {
            pngBytes = resizeByteArray(pngBytes, pngBytes.length + Math.max(1000, data.length));
        }
        System.arraycopy(data, 0, pngBytes, offset, data.length);
        return offset + data.length;
    }

    /**
     * Write an array of bytes into the pngBytes array, specifying number of bytes to write.
     * Note: This routine has the side effect of updating
     * maxPos, the largest element written in the array.
     * The array is resized by 1000 bytes or the length
     * of the data to be written, whichever is larger.
     *
     * @param data The data to be written into pngBytes.
     * @param nBytes The number of bytes to be written.
     * @param offset The starting point to write to.
     * @return The next place to be written to in the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected int writeBytes(byte[] data, int nBytes, int offset) {
        maxPos = Math.max(maxPos, offset + nBytes);
        if (nBytes + offset > pngBytes.length) {
            pngBytes = resizeByteArray(pngBytes, pngBytes.length + Math.max(1000, nBytes));
        }
        System.arraycopy(data, 0, pngBytes, offset, nBytes);
        return offset + nBytes;
    }

    /**
     * Write a two-byte integer into the pngBytes array at a given position.
     *
     * @param n The integer to be written into pngBytes.
     * @param offset The starting point to write to.
     * @return The next place to be written to in the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected int writeInt2(int n, int offset) {
        byte[] temp = {(byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff), (byte) (n & 0xff)};
        return writeBytes(temp, offset);
    }

    /**
     * Write a four-byte integer into the pngBytes array at a given position.
     *
     * @param n The integer to be written into pngBytes.
     * @param offset The starting point to write to.
     * @return The next place to be written to in the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected int writeInt4(int n, int offset) {
        byte[] temp = {(byte) ((n >> 24) & 0xff),
                       (byte) ((n >> 16) & 0xff),
                       (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff),
                       (byte) (n & 0xff)};
        return writeBytes(temp, offset);
    }

    /**
     * Write a single byte into the pngBytes array at a given position.
     *
     * @param b The integer to be written into pngBytes.
     * @param offset The starting point to write to.
     * @return The next place to be written to in the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected int writeByte(int b, int offset) {
        byte[] temp = {(byte) b};
        return writeBytes(temp, offset);
    }

    /**
     * Write a string into the pngBytes array at a given position.
     * This uses the getBytes method, so the encoding used will
     * be its default.
     *
     * @param s The string to be written into pngBytes.
     * @param offset The starting point to write to.
     *
     * @return The next place to be written to in the pngBytes array.
     *
     * @see java.lang.String#getBytes()
     */
    protected int writeString(String s, int offset) {
        return writeBytes(s.getBytes(), offset);
    }

    /**
     * Write a PNG "IHDR" chunk into the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected void writeHeader() {
        int startPos;

        startPos = bytePos = writeInt4(13, bytePos);
        bytePos = writeString("IHDR", bytePos);
        width = image.getWidth(null);
        height = image.getHeight(null);
        bytePos = writeInt4(width, bytePos);
        bytePos = writeInt4(height, bytePos);
        bytePos = writeByte(8, bytePos); // bit depth
        bytePos = writeByte((encodeAlpha) ? 6 : 2, bytePos); // direct model
        bytePos = writeByte(0, bytePos); // compression method
        bytePos = writeByte(0, bytePos); // filter method
        bytePos = writeByte(0, bytePos); // no interlace
        crc.reset();
        crc.update(pngBytes, startPos, bytePos - startPos);
        crcValue = crc.getValue();
        bytePos = writeInt4((int) crcValue, bytePos);
    }

    /**
     * Perform "sub" filtering on the given row.
     * Uses temporary array leftBytes to store the original values
     * of the previous pixels.  The array is 16 bytes long, which
     * will easily hold two-byte samples plus two-byte alpha.
     *
     * @param pixels The array holding the scan lines being built
     * @param startPos Starting position within pixels of bytes to be filtered.
     * @param width Width of a scanline in pixels.
     */
    protected void filterSub(byte[] pixels, int startPos, int width) {
        int i;
        int offset = bytesPerPixel;
        int actualStart = startPos + offset;
        int nBytes = width * bytesPerPixel;
        int leftInsert = offset;
        int leftExtract = 0;

        for (i = actualStart; i < startPos + nBytes; i++) {
            leftBytes[leftInsert] =  pixels[i];
            pixels[i] = (byte) ((pixels[i] - leftBytes[leftExtract]) % 256);
            leftInsert = (leftInsert + 1) % 0x0f;
            leftExtract = (leftExtract + 1) % 0x0f;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Perform "up" filtering on the given row.
     * Side effect: refills the prior row with current row
     *
     * @param pixels The array holding the scan lines being built
     * @param startPos Starting position within pixels of bytes to be filtered.
     * @param width Width of a scanline in pixels.
     */
    protected void filterUp(byte[] pixels, int startPos, int width) {
        int     i, nBytes;
        byte    currentByte;

        nBytes = width * bytesPerPixel;

        for (i = 0; i < nBytes; i++) {
            currentByte = pixels[startPos + i];
            pixels[startPos + i] = (byte) ((pixels[startPos  + i] - priorRow[i]) % 256);
            priorRow[i] = currentByte;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Write the image data into the pngBytes array.
     * This will write one or more PNG "IDAT" chunks. In order
     * to conserve memory, this method grabs as many rows as will
     * fit into 32K bytes, or the whole image; whichever is less.
     *
     *
     * @return true if no errors; false if error grabbing pixels
     */
    protected boolean writeImageData() {
        int rowsLeft = height;  // number of rows remaining to write
        int startRow = 0;       // starting row to process this time through
        int nRows;              // how many rows to grab at a time

        byte[] scanLines;       // the scan lines to be compressed
        int scanPos;            // where we are in the scan lines
        int startPos;           // where this line's actual pixels start (used for filtering)

        byte[] compressedLines; // the resultant compressed lines
        int nCompressed;        // how big is the compressed area?

        //int depth;              // color depth ( handle only 8 or 32 )

        PixelGrabber pg;

        bytesPerPixel = (encodeAlpha) ? 4 : 3;

        Deflater scrunch = new Deflater(compressionLevel);
        ByteArrayOutputStream outBytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream(1024);

        DeflaterOutputStream compBytes = new DeflaterOutputStream(outBytes, scrunch);
        try {
            while (rowsLeft > 0) {
                nRows = Math.min(32767 / (width * (bytesPerPixel + 1)), rowsLeft);
                // nRows = rowsLeft;

                int[] pixels = new int[width * nRows];

                pg = new PixelGrabber(image, 0, startRow,
                    width, nRows, pixels, 0, width);
                try {
                    pg.grabPixels();
                }
                catch (Exception e) {
                    System.err.println("interrupted waiting for pixels!");
                    return false;
                }
                if ((pg.getStatus() & ImageObserver.ABORT) != 0) {
                    System.err.println("image fetch aborted or errored");
                    return false;
                }

                /*
                 * Create a data chunk. scanLines adds "nRows" for
                 * the filter bytes.
                 */
                scanLines = new byte[width * nRows * bytesPerPixel +  nRows];

                if (filter == FILTER_SUB) {
                    leftBytes = new byte[16];
                }
                if (filter == FILTER_UP) {
                    priorRow = new byte[width * bytesPerPixel];
                }

                scanPos = 0;
                startPos = 1;
                for (int i = 0; i < width * nRows; i++) {
                    if (i % width == 0) {
                        scanLines[scanPos++] = (byte) filter;
                        startPos = scanPos;
                    }
                    scanLines[scanPos++] = (byte) ((pixels[i] >> 16) & 0xff);
                    scanLines[scanPos++] = (byte) ((pixels[i] >>  8) & 0xff);
                    scanLines[scanPos++] = (byte) ((pixels[i]) & 0xff);
                    if (encodeAlpha) {
                        scanLines[scanPos++] = (byte) ((pixels[i] >> 24) & 0xff);
                    }
                    if ((i % width == width - 1) && (filter != FILTER_NONE)) {
                        if (filter == FILTER_SUB) {
                            filterSub(scanLines, startPos, width);
                        }
                        if (filter == FILTER_UP) {
                            filterUp(scanLines, startPos, width);
                        }
                    }
                }

                /*
                 * Write these lines to the output area
                 */
                compBytes.write(scanLines, 0, scanPos);

                startRow += nRows;
                rowsLeft -= nRows;
            }
            compBytes.close();

            /*
             * Write the compressed bytes
             */
            compressedLines = outBytes.toByteArray();
            nCompressed = compressedLines.length;

            crc.reset();
            bytePos = writeInt4(nCompressed, bytePos);
            bytePos = writeString("IDAT", bytePos);
            crc.update("IDAT".getBytes());
            bytePos = writeBytes(compressedLines, nCompressed, bytePos);
            crc.update(compressedLines, 0, nCompressed);

            crcValue = crc.getValue();
            bytePos = writeInt4((int) crcValue, bytePos);
            scrunch.finish();
            return true;
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            System.err.println(e.toString());
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Write a PNG "IEND" chunk into the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected void writeEnd() {
        bytePos = writeInt4(0, bytePos);
        bytePos = writeString("IEND", bytePos);
        crc.reset();
        crc.update("IEND".getBytes());
        crcValue = crc.getValue();
        bytePos = writeInt4((int) crcValue, bytePos);
    }

}