asm.c

这是一个同样来自贝尔实验室的和UNIX有着渊源的操作系统, 其简洁的设计和实现易于我们学习和理解

#include	"l.h"

#define	LPUT(c)\
	{\
		cbp[0] = (c)>>24;\
		cbp[1] = (c)>>16;\
		cbp[2] = (c)>>8;\
		cbp[3] = (c);\
		cbp += 4;\
		cbc -= 4;\
		if(cbc <= 0)\
			cflush();\
	}

#define	CPUT(c)\
	{\
		cbp[0] = (c);\
		cbp++;\
		cbc--;\
		if(cbc <= 0)\
			cflush();\
	}

long
entryvalue(void)
{
	char *a;
	Sym *s;

	a = INITENTRY;
	if(*a >= '0' && *a <= '9')
		return atolwhex(a);
	s = lookup(a, 0);
	if(s->type == 0)
		return INITTEXT;
	if(s->type != STEXT && s->type != SLEAF)
		diag("entry not text: %s", s->name);
	return s->value;
}

void
asmb(void)
{
	Prog *p;
	long t;
	Optab *o;

	if(debug['v'])
		Bprint(&bso, "%5.2f asm\n", cputime());
	Bflush(&bso);
	seek(cout, HEADR, 0);
	pc = INITTEXT;
	for(p = firstp; p != P; p = p->link) {
		if(p->as == ATEXT) {
			curtext = p;
			autosize = p->to.offset + 4;
		}
		if(p->pc != pc) {
			diag("phase error %lux sb %lux",
				p->pc, pc);
			if(!debug['a'])
				prasm(curp);
			pc = p->pc;
		}
		curp = p;
		o = oplook(p);	/* could probably avoid this call */
		if(asmout(p, o, 0)) {
			p = p->link;
			pc += 4;
		}
		pc += o->size;
	}
	if(debug['a'])
		Bprint(&bso, "\n");
	Bflush(&bso);
	cflush();

	curtext = P;
	switch(HEADTYPE) {
	case 0:
	case 3:
		seek(cout, HEADR+textsize, 0);
		break;
	case 1:
	case 2:
		seek(cout, HEADR+textsize, 0);
		break;
	}
	for(t = 0; t < datsize; t += sizeof(buf)-100) {
		if(datsize-t > sizeof(buf)-100)
			datblk(t, sizeof(buf)-100);
		else
			datblk(t, datsize-t);
	}

	symsize = 0;
	lcsize = 0;
	if(!debug['s']) {
		if(debug['v'])
			Bprint(&bso, "%5.2f sym\n", cputime());
		Bflush(&bso);
		switch(HEADTYPE) {
		case 0:
		case 3:
			seek(cout, HEADR+textsize+datsize, 0);
			break;
		case 2:
		case 1:
			seek(cout, HEADR+textsize+datsize, 0);
			break;
		}
		if(!debug['s'])
			asmsym();
		if(debug['v'])
			Bprint(&bso, "%5.2f sp\n", cputime());
		Bflush(&bso);
		if(!debug['s'])
			asmlc();
		 /* round up file length for boot image */
		if(HEADTYPE == 0 || HEADTYPE == 3)
			if((symsize+lcsize) & 1)
				CPUT(0);
		cflush();
	}

	seek(cout, 0L, 0);
	switch(HEADTYPE) {
	case 0:
		lput(0x1030107);		/* magic and sections */
		lput(textsize);			/* sizes */
		lput(datsize);
		lput(bsssize);
		lput(symsize);			/* nsyms */
		lput(entryvalue());		/* va of entry */
		lput(0L);
		lput(lcsize);
		break;
	case 1:
		break;
	case 2:
		lput(4*13*13+7);		/* magic */
		lput(textsize);			/* sizes */
		lput(datsize);
		lput(bsssize);
		lput(symsize);			/* nsyms */
		lput(entryvalue());		/* va of entry */
		lput(0L);
		lput(lcsize);
		break;
	case 3:
		lput(0x1030107);		/* magic and sections */
		lput(0x90100000);
#define SPARC_NOOP 0x01000000
		lput(SPARC_NOOP);
		lput(SPARC_NOOP);
		lput(SPARC_NOOP);
		lput(SPARC_NOOP);
		lput(SPARC_NOOP);
		lput(SPARC_NOOP);
		break;
	}
	cflush();
}

void
lput(long l)
{

	LPUT(l);
}

void
cflush(void)
{
	int n;

	n = sizeof(buf.cbuf) - cbc;
	if(n)
		write(cout, buf.cbuf, n);
	cbp = buf.cbuf;
	cbc = sizeof(buf.cbuf);
}

void
asmsym(void)
{
	Prog *p;
	Auto *a;
	Sym *s;
	int h;

	s = lookup("etext", 0);
	if(s->type == STEXT)
		putsymb(s->name, 'T', s->value, s->version);

	for(h=0; h<NHASH; h++)
		for(s=hash[h]; s!=S; s=s->link)
			switch(s->type) {
			case SCONST:
				putsymb(s->name, 'D', s->value, s->version);
				continue;

			case SDATA:
				putsymb(s->name, 'D', s->value+INITDAT, s->version);
				continue;

			case SBSS:
				putsymb(s->name, 'B', s->value+INITDAT, s->version);
				continue;

			case SFILE:
				putsymb(s->name, 'f', s->value, s->version);
				continue;
			}

	for(p=textp; p!=P; p=p->cond) {
		s = p->from.sym;
		if(s->type != STEXT && s->type != SLEAF)
			continue;

		/* filenames first */
		for(a=p->to.autom; a; a=a->link)
			if(a->type == D_FILE)
				putsymb(a->asym->name, 'z', a->aoffset, 0);
			else
			if(a->type == D_FILE1)
				putsymb(a->asym->name, 'Z', a->aoffset, 0);

		if(s->type == STEXT)
			putsymb(s->name, 'T', s->value, s->version);
		else
			putsymb(s->name, 'L', s->value, s->version);

		/* frame, auto and param after */
		putsymb(".frame", 'm', p->to.offset+4, 0);
		for(a=p->to.autom; a; a=a->link)
			if(a->type == D_AUTO)
				putsymb(a->asym->name, 'a', -a->aoffset, 0);
			else
			if(a->type == D_PARAM)
				putsymb(a->asym->name, 'p', a->aoffset, 0);
	}
	if(debug['v'] || debug['n'])
		Bprint(&bso, "symsize = %lud\n", symsize);
	Bflush(&bso);
}

void
putsymb(char *s, int t, long v, int ver)
{
	int i, f;

	if(t == 'f')
		s++;
	LPUT(v);
	if(ver)
		t += 'a' - 'A';
	CPUT(t+0x80);			/* 0x80 is variable length */

	if(t == 'Z' || t == 'z') {
		CPUT(s[0]);
		for(i=1; s[i] != 0 || s[i+1] != 0; i += 2) {
			CPUT(s[i]);
			CPUT(s[i+1]);
		}
		CPUT(0);
		CPUT(0);
		i++;
	}
	else {
		for(i=0; s[i]; i++)
			CPUT(s[i]);
		CPUT(0);
	}
	symsize += 4 + 1 + i + 1;

	if(debug['n']) {
		if(t == 'z' || t == 'Z') {
			Bprint(&bso, "%c %.8lux ", t, v);
			for(i=1; s[i] != 0 || s[i+1] != 0; i+=2) {
				f = ((s[i]&0xff) << 8) | (s[i+1]&0xff);
				Bprint(&bso, "/%x", f);
			}
			Bprint(&bso, "\n");
			return;
		}
		if(ver)
			Bprint(&bso, "%c %.8lux %s<%d>\n", t, v, s, ver);
		else
			Bprint(&bso, "%c %.8lux %s\n", t, v, s);
	}
}

#define	MINLC	4
void
asmlc(void)
{
	long oldpc, oldlc;
	Prog *p;
	long v, s;

	oldpc = INITTEXT;
	oldlc = 0;
	for(p = firstp; p != P; p = p->link) {
		if(p->line == oldlc || p->as == ATEXT || p->as == ANOP) {
			if(p->as == ATEXT)
				curtext = p;
			if(debug['L'])
				Bprint(&bso, "%6lux %P\n",
					p->pc, p);
			continue;
		}
		if(debug['L'])
			Bprint(&bso, "\t\t%6ld", lcsize);
		v = (p->pc - oldpc) / MINLC;
		while(v) {
			s = 127;
			if(v < 127)
				s = v;
			CPUT(s+128);	/* 129-255 +pc */
			if(debug['L'])
				Bprint(&bso, " pc+%ld*%d(%ld)", s, MINLC, s+128);
			v -= s;
			lcsize++;
		}
		s = p->line - oldlc;
		oldlc = p->line;
		oldpc = p->pc + MINLC;
		if(s > 64 || s < -64) {
			CPUT(0);	/* 0 vv +lc */
			CPUT(s>>24);
			CPUT(s>>16);
			CPUT(s>>8);
			CPUT(s);
			if(debug['L']) {
				if(s > 0)
					Bprint(&bso, " lc+%ld(%d,%ld)\n",
						s, 0, s);
				else
					Bprint(&bso, " lc%ld(%d,%ld)\n",
						s, 0, s);
				Bprint(&bso, "%6lux %P\n",
					p->pc, p);
			}
			lcsize += 5;
			continue;
		}
		if(s > 0) {
			CPUT(0+s);	/* 1-64 +lc */
			if(debug['L']) {
				Bprint(&bso, " lc+%ld(%ld)\n", s, 0+s);
				Bprint(&bso, "%6lux %P\n",
					p->pc, p);
			}
		} else {
			CPUT(64-s);	/* 65-128 -lc */
			if(debug['L']) {
				Bprint(&bso, " lc%ld(%ld)\n", s, 64-s);
				Bprint(&bso, "%6lux %P\n",
					p->pc, p);
			}
		}
		lcsize++;
	}
	while(lcsize & 1) {
		s = 129;
		CPUT(s);
		lcsize++;
	}
	if(debug['v'] || debug['L'])
		Bprint(&bso, "lcsize = %ld\n", lcsize);
	Bflush(&bso);
}

void
datblk(long s, long n)
{
	Prog *p;
	char *cast;
	long l, fl, j, d;
	int i, c;

	memset(buf.dbuf, 0, n+100);
	for(p = datap; p != P; p = p->link) {
		curp = p;
		l = p->from.sym->value + p->from.offset - s;
		c = p->reg;
		i = 0;
		if(l < 0) {
			if(l+c <= 0)
				continue;
			while(l < 0) {
				l++;
				i++;
			}
		}
		if(l >= n)
			continue;
		if(p->as != AINIT && p->as != ADYNT) {
			for(j=l+(c-i)-1; j>=l; j--)
				if(buf.dbuf[j]) {
					print("%P\n", p);
					diag("multiple initialization");
					break;
				}
		}
		switch(p->to.type) {
		default:
			diag("unknown mode in initialization\n%P", p);
			break;

		case D_FCONST:
			switch(c) {
			default:
			case 4:
				fl = ieeedtof(&p->to.ieee);
				cast = (char*)&fl;
				for(; i<c; i++) {
					buf.dbuf[l] = cast[fnuxi8[i+4]];
					l++;
				}
				break;
			case 8:
				cast = (char*)&p->to.ieee;
				for(; i<c; i++) {
					buf.dbuf[l] = cast[fnuxi8[i]];
					l++;
				}
				break;
			}
			break;

		case D_SCONST:
			for(; i<c; i++) {
				buf.dbuf[l] = p->to.sval[i];
				l++;
			}
			break;

		case D_CONST:
			d = p->to.offset;
			if(p->to.sym) {
				if(p->to.sym->type == STEXT ||
				   p->to.sym->type == SLEAF)
					d += p->to.sym->value;
				if(p->to.sym->type == SDATA)
					d += p->to.sym->value + INITDAT;
				if(p->to.sym->type == SBSS)
					d += p->to.sym->value + INITDAT;
			}
			cast = (char*)&d;
			switch(c) {
			default:
				diag("bad nuxi %d %d\n%P", c, i, curp);
				break;
			case 1:
				for(; i<c; i++) {
					buf.dbuf[l] = cast[inuxi1[i]];
					l++;
				}
				break;
			case 2:
				for(; i<c; i++) {
					buf.dbuf[l] = cast[inuxi2[i]];
					l++;
				}
				break;
			case 4:
				for(; i<c; i++) {
					buf.dbuf[l] = cast[inuxi4[i]];
					l++;
				}
				break;
			}
			break;
		}
	}
	write(cout, buf.dbuf, n);
}

#define	OP2(x)	(0x80000000|((x)<<19))
#define	OP3(x)	(0xc0000000|((x)<<19))
#define	OPB(x)	(0x00800000|((x)<<25))
#define	OPT(x)	(0x81d02000|((x)<<25))
#define	OPF1(x)	(0x81a00000|((x)<<5))
#define	OPF2(x)	(0x81a80000|((x)<<5))
#define	OPFB(x)	(0x01800000|((x)<<25))

#define	OP_RRR(op,r1,r2,r3)\
	(0x00000000 | op |\
	(((r1)&31L)<<0) |\
	(((r2)&31L)<<14) |\
	(((r3)&31L)<<25))
#define	OP_IRR(op,i,r2,r3)\
	(0x00002000L | (op) |\
	(((i)&0x1fffL)<<0) |\
	(((r2)&31L)<<14) |\
	(((r3)&31L)<<25))
#define	OP_BRA(op,pc)\
	((op) |\
	(((pc)&0x3fffff)<<0))

int
asmout(Prog *p, Optab *o, int aflag)
{
	long o1, o2, o3, o4, o5, v;
	Prog *ct;
	int r;

	o1 = 0;
	o2 = 0;
	o3 = 0;
	o4 = 0;
	o5 = 0;

	switch(o->type) {
	default:
		if(aflag)
			return 0;
		diag("unknown type %d", o->type);
		if(!debug['a'])
			prasm(p);
		break;

	case 0:		/* pseudo ops */
		if(aflag) {
			if(p->link) {
				if(p->as == ATEXT) {
					ct = curtext;
					o2 = autosize;
					curtext = p;
					autosize = p->to.offset + 4;
					o1 = asmout(p->link, oplook(p->link), aflag);
					curtext = ct;
					autosize = o2;
				} else
					o1 = asmout(p->link, oplook(p->link), aflag);
			}
			return o1;
		}
		break;

	case 1:		/* mov r1,r2 ==> OR r1,r0,r2 */
		o1 = OP_RRR(opcode(AOR), p->from.reg, REGZERO, p->to.reg);
		break;

	case 2:		/* mov $c,r ==> add r1,r0,r2 */
		r = p->from.reg;
		if(r == NREG)
			r = o->param;
		v = regoff(&p->from);
		o1 = OP_IRR(opcode(AADD), v, r, p->to.reg);
		break;

	case 3:		/* mov soreg, r */
		r = p->from.reg;
		if(r == NREG)
			r = o->param;
		v = regoff(&p->from);
		if(v == 0 && p->reg != NREG)
			o1 = OP_RRR(opcode(p->as), p->reg, r, p->to.reg);
		else
			o1 = OP_IRR(opcode(p->as), v, r, p->to.reg);
		break;

	case 4:		/* mov r, soreg */
		r = p->to.reg;
		if(r == NREG)
			r = o->param;
		v = regoff(&p->to);
		if(v == 0 && p->reg != NREG)
			o1 = OP_RRR(opcode(p->as+AEND), p->reg, r, p->from.reg);
		else
			o1 = OP_IRR(opcode(p->as+AEND), v, r, p->from.reg);
		break;

	case 5:		/* mov $lcon, reg => sethi, add */
		v = regoff(&p->from);
		o1 = 0x1000000 | (REGTMP<<25) | ((v>>10) & 0x3fffff);	/* sethi */
		o2 = OP_IRR(opcode(AADD), (v&0x3ff), REGTMP, p->to.reg);
		break;

	case 6:		/* mov asi, r[+r] */
		o1 = OP_RRR(opcode(p->as), p->reg, p->from.reg, p->to.reg);
		o1 |= (1<<23) | ((p->from.offset&0xff)<<5);
		break;

	case 7:		/* mov [+r]r, asi */
		o1 = OP_RRR(opcode(p->as+AEND), p->reg, p->to.reg, p->from.reg);
		o1 |= (1<<23) | ((p->to.offset&0xff)<<5);
		break;

	case 8:		/* mov r, preg and mov preg, r */
		if(p->to.type == D_PREG) {
			r = p->from.reg;
			switch(p->to.reg)
			{
			default:
				diag("unknown register P%d", p->to.reg);
			case D_Y:
				o1 = OP2(48);	/* wry */
				break;
			case D_PSR:
				o1 = OP2(49);	/* wrpsr */
				break;
			case D_WIM:
				o1 = OP2(50);	/* wrwim */
				break;
			case D_TBR:
				o1 = OP2(51);	/* wrtbr */
				break;
			}
			o1 = OP_IRR(o1, 0, r, 0);
			break;
		}
		if(p->from.type == D_PREG) {
			r = p->to.reg;
			switch(p->from.reg)
			{
			default:
				diag("unknown register P%d", p->to.reg);
			case D_Y: