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occurs in string-searched$, beginning at start-position. As implemented in bwBASIC, INSTR cannot be used for assignments. Note: bwBASIC presently (v2.10) does not allow assignment to a function. Dependencies: MS_FUNCS ------------------------------------------ Function: INT( number ) Description: INT returns the largest integer less than or equal to the argument 'number'. NOTE that this is not a "truncated" integer function, for which see CINT. Dependencies: (core) ------------------------------------------ Command: KILL file-name$ Description: KILL deletes the file specified by file-name$. Dependencies: UNIX_CMDS ------------------------------------------ Function: LEFT$( string$, number-of-spaces ) Description: LEFT$ returns a substring a string$ with number-of-spaces from the left (beginning) of the string). As implemented under bwBASIC, it cannot be used for assignment. Dependencies: MS_FUNCS ------------------------------------------ Function: LEN( string$ ) Description: LEN returns the length in bytes of string$. Dependencies: COMMON_FUNCS ------------------------------------------ Command: LET variable = expression Description: LET assigns the value of 'expression' to the variable. As currently implemented, bwBASIC supports implied LET statements (e.g., "X = 4.5678" at the beginning of a line or line segment, but does not support assignment to multiple variables (e.g., "x, y, z = 3.141596"). Dependencies: (core) ------------------------------------------ Command: LINE INPUT [[#] device-number,]["prompt string";] string-variable$ Description: LINE INPUT reads entire line from the keyboard or a file or device into string-variable$. If input is from the keyboard (stdin), then "prompt string" will be printed first. Unlike INPUT, LINE INPUT reads a whole line, not stopping for comma-delimited data items. Dependencies: COMMON_CMDS ------------------------------------------ Command: LIST line[-line] Description: LIST lists program lines as specified in its argument. Dependencies: INTERACTIVE ------------------------------------------ Command: LOAD file-name Description: LOAD loads an ASCII BASIC program into memory. Dependencies: INTERACTIVE ------------------------------------------ Function: LOC( device-number ) Description: LOC returns the next record that GET or PUT statements will use. Dependencies: MS_FUNCS ------------------------------------------ Command: LOCATE line, column Description: LOCATE addresses trhe curor to a specified line and column. Currently (v2.10) implemented in bwx_iqc.c only. Dependencies: IMP_IQC and IMP_CMDLOC ------------------------------------------ Function: LOF( device-number ) Description: LOF returns the length of a file (specified by device-number) in bytes. Dependencies: MS_FUNCS ------------------------------------------ Function: LOG( number ) Description: LOG returns the natural logarithm of the argument 'number'. Dependencies: (core) ------------------------------------------ Command: LOOP [UNTIL expression] Description: LOOP terminates a program loop: see DO. Dependencies: STRUCT_CMDS ------------------------------------------ Command: LSET string-variable$ = expression Description: LSET transfers data from 'expression' to the left-hand side of a string variable or random access buffer field. Dependencies: COMMON_CMDS ------------------------------------------ Command: MERGE file-name Description: MERGE adds program lines from 'file-name' to the program in memory. Unlike LOAD, it does not clear the program currently in memory. Dependencies: COMMON_CMDS ------------------------------------------ Function: MID$( string$, start-position-in-string[, number-of-spaces ] ) Description: MID$ returns a substring of string$ beginning at start-position-in-string and continuing for number-of-spaces bytes. Dependencies: MS_FUNCS ------------------------------------------ Command: MKDIR pathname$ Description: MKDIR creates a new directory path as specified by pathname$. Dependencies: UNIX_CMDS ------------------------------------------ Function: MKD$( number ) Description: MKD$, MKI$, and MKS$ are all equivalent in bwBASIC. They convert the numerical value 'number' into a string which can be stored in a more compressed form in a file (especially for random file access). Since bwBASIC does not recognize differences in precision, these commands are effectively equivalent. Dependencies: MS_FUNCS ------------------------------------------ Function: MKI$( number ) Description: Equivalent to MKD$ (q.v.) Dependencies: MS_FUNCS ------------------------------------------ Function: MKS$( number ) Description: Equivalent to MKD$ (q.v.). Dependencies: MS_FUNCS ------------------------------------------ Command: NAME old-file-name AS new-file-name Description: NAME renames an existing file (old-file-name) as new-file-name. Dependencies: UNIX_CMDS ------------------------------------------ Command: NEW Description: NEW deletes the program in memory and clears all variables. Dependencies: INTERACTIVE ------------------------------------------ Command: NEXT [counter-variable] Description: NEXT comes at the end of a FOR-NEXT loop; see FOR. Dependencies: (core) ------------------------------------------ Function: OCT$( number ) Description: OCT$ returns a string giving the octal (base 8) representation of 'number'. Dependencies: MS_FUNCS ------------------------------------------ Command: ON variable GOTO|GOSUB line[,line,line,...] Description: ON either branches (GOTO) or calls a subroutine (GOSUB) based on the rounded value of variable; if it is 1, the first line is called, if 2, the second line is called, etc. Dependencies: (core) ------------------------------------------ Command: ON ERROR GOSUB line|label Description: ON ERROR sets up an error handling subroutine. See also ERROR. Dependencies: COMMON_CMDS, STRUCT_CMDS for labels ------------------------------------------ Command: OPEN "O"|"I"|"R", [#]device-number, file-name [,record length] file-name FOR INPUT|OUTPUT|APPEND AS [#]device-number [LEN = record-length] Description: OPEN allocates random access memory for access to a disk file or other device. Note that two quite different forms of the OPEN statement are supported. In the first form, "O" (note that these letters must be encased in quotation marks) denotes sequential output, "I" denotes sequential input, and "R" denotes random-access input and output. Once OPEN, any number of operations can be performed on a device (see WRITE #, INPUT #, PRINT #, etc.). Dependencies: COMMON_CMDS ------------------------------------------ Command: OPTION BASE number Description: OPTION BASE sets the lowest value for array subscripts, either 0 or 1. Dependencies: (core) ------------------------------------------ Function: POS Description: POS returns the current cursor position in the line. Dependencies: COMMON_FUNCS ------------------------------------------ Command: PRINT [# device-number,][USING format-string$;] expressions... Description: PRINT outputs text to the screen or to a file or device specified by device-number. In the current implementation of bwBASIC, expressions to be printed must be separated by the comma (tabbed output), the semicolon (immediate sequential output) or the plus sign (immediate sequential output by string concatenation). Expressions separated by blanks or tabs are not supported. If USING is specified, a number of formatting marks may appear in the format string: ! prints the first character of a string \\ prints 2+x characters of a string, where x = the number of spaces between the backslashes & variable-length string field # represents a single digit in output format for a number . decimal point in a number + sign of a number (will output + or -) - trailing minus after a number ** fill leading spaces with asterisks $$ output dollar sign in front of a number ^^ output number in exponential format _ output next character literally As currently implemented, the exponential format will be that used by the C compiler. Dependencies: (core), COMMON_FUNCS for USING ------------------------------------------ Command: PUT [#] device-number [, record-number] Description: PUT outputs the next available record or the record specified by record-number to the file or device denoted by device-number. Dependencies: COMMON_CMDS ------------------------------------------ Command: QUIT Description: QUIT is a synonym for SYSTEM; with INTERACTIVE environment, it exits the program to the operating system (or the calling program). Dependencies: INTERACTIVE ------------------------------------------ Command: RANDOMIZE number Description: RANDOMIZE seeds the random number generator (see RND). Under bwBASIC, the TIMER function (q.v.) can be used to supply a 'number' seed for the random number generator. Dependencies: (core) ------------------------------------------ Command: READ variable[, variable]... Description: READ reads values from DATA statements and assigns these values to the named variables. Variable types in a READ statement must match the data types in DATA statements as they are occurred. See also DATA and RESTORE. Dependencies: (core) ------------------------------------------ Command: REM string Description: REM allows remarks to be included in a program. As currently implemented, the entire line following REM is ignored by the interpreter (thus, even if MULTISEG_LINES is set, a REM line will not be able to find a segment delimiter (":") followed by another line segment with command. bwBASIC does not currently implement the Microsoft-style use of the single quotation mark to denote remarks. Dependencies: (core) ------------------------------------------ Command: RESTORE line Description: RESTORE resets the line and position counters for DATA and READ statements to the top of the program file or to the beginning of the specified line. (Currently this must be a line number.) Dependencies: (core) ------------------------------------------ Command: RETURN Description: RETURN concludes a subroutine called by GOSUB. Dependencies: (core) ------------------------------------------ Function: RIGHT$( string$, number-of-spaces ) Description: RIGHT$ returns a substring a string$ with number-of-spaces from the right (end) of the string). As implemented under bwBASIC, it cannot be used for assignment. Dependencies: MS_FUNCS ------------------------------------------ Command: RMDIR pathname Description: RMDIR deletes the directory path indicated by pathname. Dependencies: UNIX_CMDS ------------------------------------------ Function: RND( number ) Description: RND returns a pseudo-random number. The 'number' value is ignored by bwBASIC if supplied. The RANDOMIZE command (q.v.) reseeds the random-number generator. Dependencies: (core) ------------------------------------------ Command: RSET string-variable$ = expression Description: RSET transfers data from 'expression' to the right-hand side of a string variable or random access buffer field. Dependencies: COMMON_CMDS ------------------------------------------ Command: RUN [line][file-name$] Description: RUN executes the program in memory. If a file-name$ is supplied, then the specified file is loaded into memory and executed. If a line number is supplied, then execution begins at that line. Dependencies: INTERACTIVE ------------------------------------------ Command: SAVE file-name$ Description: SAVE saves the program in memory to file-name$. bwBASIC only saves files in ASCII format. Dependencies: INTERACTIVE ------------------------------------------ Command: SELECT CASE expression Description: SELECT CASE introduces a multi-line conditional selection statement. The expression given as the argument to SELECT CASE will be evaluated by CASE statements following. The SELECT CASE statement conclludes with an END SELECT statement. As currently implemented, CASE statements may be followed by string values, but in this case only simple comparisons⌨️ 快捷键说明
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