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<HTML><HEAD> <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> <META NAME="Author" CONTENT="Kevin Lawton"> <TITLE>Compiling and Installing Bochs</TITLE></HEAD><BODY TEXT="#000000" BGCOLOR="#ececec" LINK="#3333cc" VLINK="#666666"><H1>Compiling and Installing Bochs</H1><UL><LI> <A HREF="#Getting current source code">Getting current source code</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="#Compiling source code">Compiling source code</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="#Setting up environment">Setting up environment before running</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="#Bochsrc file options">Bochsrc file options</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="#Command line options">Bochs command line options</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="#Installing an OS">Installing an OS (DOS/Win'95/Minix/Linux) within Bochs</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="changelog.html">ChangeLog</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="debugger.html">Optional command line debugger</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="cosimulation.html">Optional cosimulation debugger</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="instrumentation.html">Instrumentation</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="mtools.html">mtools: utilities to access DOS disks in Unix</A> </LI></UL><BR><UL><LI> <A HREF="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html">LGPL License</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="3rdparty.license.html">3rd Party Software Licensing and Temporary Files</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="developers.html">Bochs source code developers email mailing list</A></LI><LI> <A HREF="features.html">Summary of current Bochs supported features</A></LI><LI> <A HREF="#Keyboard Hacks">X11 Keyboard Hacks</A></LI></UL><HR WIDTH="100%"><H2><A NAME="Getting current source code"></A>Getting current source code</H2>Source code for Bochs, is available from the Bochs home pageat <a href="http://bochs.sourceforge.net">bochs.sourceforge.net</a>.You can download the most recent release, or use CVS to check out the latest sources. The releases are the most likely to compile and run without modification, but if you want the very newest featurestry CVS instead.<HR WIDTH="100%"><H2><A NAME="Compiling source code"></A>Compiling source code</H2>All releases are gzip'd tar files. That means the whole Bochs sourcecode directory has beenconsolidated into one file using the Unix command 'tar', then compressedto save space with GNU 'gzip'.To extract the source code, you'll need both 'tar' and 'gzip/gunzip'.All files are contained within onesubdirectory named 'bochs-YYMMDDv'.<PRE> cd /path/parent-directory gzip -dc bochs-YYMMDDv.tar.gz | tar -xvf - cd bochs-YYMMDDv</PRE>Before compiling, you'll need to run the configure script, which will configuresource code to runon your system, and with your chosen options. There are manyoptions to 'configure', and you probably don't need any of them.For example, if you run BeOS, specify '--with-beos' to configure.To see a complete list:<PRE> unix-> ./configure --help</PRE>For more complete documentation of options available to configure,click on <a href="configure.html">this link</a>.<p>You will also need to setenvironment variables to tell configure what compiler and optionsto use. Check out <a href="configure.html">this link</a>. It's the same as the one above.<p>Now run configure, be it manually or by way of a script file.<PRE> unix-> ./configure -or- unix-> ./.conf.x86</PRE><P>If the configure script bombs, check 'config.log'. Specifically,look for errors returnedby the compiler. You may have options incompatible with yourcompiler. See the link on setting the environment variables above.<P>Assuming at this point all went well with the configure command,edit the file 'config.h', which was generated by ./configure.Look for the USER CONFIGURABLE OPTIONS section. Each parameteravailable for editing is documented. Generally thedefaults are fine for typical users.Please read about eachparameter and edit carefully. <B>NOTE:</B> This file isgenerated, and will be deleted if you run 'make dist-clean'.<P>You may now compile the source.<PRE> unix-> make</PRE><p>There are <a href="win32.html">separate instructions</a> for compilingin Windows.<p><HR WIDTH="100%"><H2><A NAME="Setting up environment"></A>Setting up environmentbefore running</H2>In text mode, Bochs requires your X server to have access to theVGA font. If you don't already have it, you must install it fromone of the font files in bochs-yymmdd/font.<P>There are two options; you may install the VGA font in a global place, orin a local directory. You may need to install it locally if you don't haveroot access. If the VGA font is not installed properly, you will getthe error, "Could not open vga font".<P><B>Option 1: installing VGA font in global font directory</B><PRE> # NOTE1: Make sure your DISPLAY variable points to local machine. # NOTE2: These steps require root privileges. # NOTE3: Your X11 fonts path will vary on different systems. For example: # Solaris 2.x /usr/openwin/lib/X11/fonts # Linux /usr/lib/X11/fonts/ root-> cp font/vga.pcf font-path-here/misc root-> compress font-path-here/misc/vga.pcf root-> mkfontdir font-path-here/misc root-> xset fp rehash root-> /etc/rc.d/init.d/xfs restart (Restart your X font server)</PRE>The command to restart the X font server is given for Redhat systems, butit will vary between different machines, and might not even be necessary atall. If you cannot figure out how to restart your font server, you canjust reboot.<p><B>Option 2: installing VGA font in local font directory</B><PRE> # NOTE1: Make sure your DISPLAY variable points to local machine. # NOTE2: The "xset" command needs to be run for each X session. user-> mkfontdir bochs-YYMMDD/font user-> xset fp+ [full-path]/bochs-YYMMDD/font</PRE><A NAME="Creating a hard disk image file"></A><B>Hard Drive Image File: </B> Bochs emulates a hard drive by using alarge Unix file, which you must create. The size of the hard drive isdependent upon the number of cylinders, heads, and sectors-per-track thatyou would like to emulate. Here are some examples of possibledrive geometries:<BR><BR><TABLE BORDER COLS=5 WIDTH="100%" ><TR><TH>Size</TH><TH>Cylinders</TH><TH>Heads</TH><TH>Sectors/Track</TH><TH>Sectors Total</TH></TR><TR><TD>10MB</TD><TD>306</TD><TD>4</TD><TD>17</TD><TD>20808</TD></TR><TR><TD>20MB</TD><TD>615</TD><TD>4</TD><TD>17</TD><TD>41820</TD></TR><TR><TD>30MB</TD><TD>615</TD><TD>6</TD><TD>17</TD><TD>62730</TD></TR><TR><TD>46MB</TD><TD>940</TD><TD>6</TD><TD>17</TD><TD>95880</TD></TR><TR><TD>62MB</TD><TD>940</TD><TD>8</TD><TD>17</TD><TD>127840</TD></TR><TR><TD>112MB</TD><TD>900</TD><TD>15</TD><TD>17</TD><TD>229500</TD></TR><TR><TD>126MB</TD><TD>256</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>258048</TD></TR><TR><TD>483MB</TD><TD>1024</TD><TD>15</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>967680</TD></TR><TR><TD>504MB</TD><TD>1024</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>1032192</TD></TR><TR><TD>640MB</TD><TD>1300</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>1310400</TD></TR><TR><TD>886MB</TD><TD>1800</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>1814400</TD></TR><TR><TD>1280MB</TD><TD>2600</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>2620800</TD></TR><TR><TD>2215MB</TD><TD>4500</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>4536000</TD></TR><TR><TD>3495MB</TD><TD>7100</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>7156800</TD></TR><TR><TD>5020MB</TD><TD>10200</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>10281600</TD></TR><TR><TD>7088MB</TD><TD>14400</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>14515200</TD></TR><TR><TD>10041MB</TD><TD>20400</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>20563200</TD></TR><TR><TD>12206MB</TD><TD>24800</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>24998400</TD></TR><TR><TD>16045MB</TD><TD>32600</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>32860800</TD></TR><TR><TD>20672MB</TD><TD>42000</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>42336000</TD></TR><TR><TD>25003MB</TD><TD>50800</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>51206400</TD></TR><TR><TD>29974MB</TD><TD>60900</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>61387200</TD></TR><TR><TD>32238MB</TD><TD>65500</TD><TD>16</TD><TD>63</TD><TD>66024000</TD></TR></TABLE><BR>For hard disk sizes larger than 528MB, be sure that newharddrivesupport is enabled. This will be the compiled default in a future release, but for nowyour .bochsrc still needs the line "newharddrivesupport: enabled=1" in order to support >1024 cylinders.<p>Pick the size of the hard drive you want to emulate, and create a blank fileaccording to the parameters in the table. If you have the 'dd' command,you can use it to create the file. Keeping in mind that there are 512 bytesin a sector, just use the number of "Sectors Total" from the table as the'count=' option to dd, and tell dd to use a block size ('bs=') the same asa disk sector size (512). For example, for a 112MB drive, there are 229500(900*15*17) sectors.<PRE> unix-> dd if=/dev/zero of=112M bs=512 count=229500</PRE><A NAME="Creating a floppy image file"></A><B>Floppy Disk Image File:</B> Bochs emulates a floppy drive/disk using eithera Unix file, or a real floppy drive Unix device. To use either, you will needan entry in your '.bochsrc' file pointing to the regular or device file. Usethe 'floppya:' and 'floppyb:' directives. If you are starting out, you willneed to make a copy of an <I>existing</I> bootable floppy. Otherwise, you may createa <I>blank</I> image file, if you intend on formatting it using the OS you bootwithin Bochs.<BR><BR><TABLE BORDER COLS=5 WIDTH="100%" ><TR><TH>Size</TH><TH>Cylinders</TH><TH>Heads</TH><TH>Sectors/Track</TH><TH>Sectors Total</TH></TR><TR><TD>0.720MB</TD><TD>80</TD><TD>2</TD><TD>9</TD><TD>1440</TD></TR><TR><TD>1.2MB</TD><TD>80</TD><TD>2</TD><TD>15</TD><TD>2400</TD></TR><TR><TD>1.44MB</TD><TD>80</TD><TD>2</TD><TD>18</TD><TD>2880</TD></TR><TR><TD>1.680MB</TD><TD>80</TD><TD>2</TD><TD>21</TD><TD>3360</TD></TR></TABLE><BR><BR>To create a <I>blank floppy image file</I>, you can use the same concept as above forcreating blank hard disk image files. For example, to create a blank 1.44MBfloppy image file:<PRE> unix-> dd if=/dev/zero of=1.44M bs=512 count=2880</PRE>To create a <I>copy of an existing floppy disk</I>, granted you have a floppy diskdrive on your workstation, you can use one of the following commands, where'/dev/fd0' would be the path to your floppy drive device name.<P><B>NOTE:</B> If your system uses a form of volume management to automountyour floppy drive, you may have to tell it you popped in a new floppy,and use an alternative device name to access it.</P><PRE> # Linux, direct use of floppy drive using 'dd' unix-> dd if=/dev/fd0 ibs=512 of=1.44M --or-- # Linux, direct use of floppy drive using 'cp' unix-> cp /dev/fd0 1.44M --or-- # With Volume Management handling floppy drive Solaris 2.x-> volcheck Solaris 2.x-> dd if=/vol/dev/aliases/floppy0 ibs=512 of=1.44M</PRE><HR WIDTH="100%"><H2><A NAME="Bochsrc file options"></A>Bochsrc file options</H2>There are many options which you can change, to alter the behaviourof bochs, enable features, etc. You can set values for these optionsin a file called <B>".bochsrc"</B>. There should be a referencefile with this name, that comes with the source code distribution.As, it's easier to maintain documenting possible commands inthe file itself, look in the reference file for more info.<P>Search Order:<UL><LI>bochs first tries to find this file in your current directory<LI>bochs then tries to find this file in your home directory<LI>bochs then gives up and doesn't use one.</UL><B>Note:</B> These options are overridden by any command line options you provide<HR WIDTH="100%"><H2><A NAME="Command line options"></A>Bochs command line options</H2>You may now pass all options available in the ".bochsrc" file, tobochs on the command line. Syntax for command line options isnow identical to directives in ".bocshrc". Old command line options,such as <B>-bootC</B> are no longer valid.Bochs expects that each option is passed as a single argument, so ifyou need to use spaces, surround the option in quotes. For example:<PRE> bochs boot:c bochs "boot: c" "diskc: file=../10M.vga, cyl=306, heads=4, spt=17" bochs romimage:/tmp/someimage</PRE><B>Note:</B> Look in the reference ".bochsrc" for syntax<HR WIDTH="100%"><H2><A NAME="Installing an OS"></A>Installing an OS (DOS/Win'95/Minix/Linux) within Bochs</H2>The goal of Bochs is to emulate the components of a basic PC (CPU, BIOS,disk drive, floppy, keyboard, VGA, and other chipsets) well enough to allowfor multiple Operating Systems to run within the emulator. So far,Bochs has been successful in running several OS's atone time or the other. Follow the link of your choice to learn howto install the OS of your interest.<UL><!--<LI> <A HREF="DOS.html">DOS</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="Windows31.html">Windows 3.1</A> </LI>--><LI> <A HREF="Windows95.html">Windows '95</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="Minix.html">Minix</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="Linux.html">Linux</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="OldWindows95.html">Deprecated Win95 install instructions</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="guestNT.html">WinNT 4.0</A> </LI><LI> <A HREF="hurd.html">Hurd</A> </LI></UL><HR WIDTH="100%"><H2><A NAME="Keyboard Hacks">X11 Keyboard Hacks</A></H2><PRE> NOTE: your backspace key may not work properly. You may have to source the file 'misc/xmods' in the main distribution directory. I need to look at this problem a little more. Using Ctrl-h always seems to work for me.<PRE</BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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