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<title>6.2 新的Win32控件</title>
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        <td width="238" bgcolor="#000000" height="20"><p align="right"></font><a
        href="../../vc.htm"><span style="text-decoration: none"><font color="#FFFFFF">电脑报Visual 
        C++网络教程</font></span></a></td>
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    </center></div><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"><b><p ALIGN="CENTER"></b></font><font
    color="#3973DE" FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">6.2</font><font color="#3973DE"><font
    SIZE="3">　新的</font><font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">Win32</font><font SIZE="3">控件</font></font><font
    FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3"></p>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></font><span style="font-size: 9pt">　　从Windows 95和Windows NT 
    3.51版开始，Windows提供了一些先进的Win32控件．这些新控件弥补了传统控件的某些不足之处，并使Windows的界面丰富多彩且更加友好．MFC的新控件类封装了这些控件，新控件及其对应的控件类如表6.21所示．</span></p>
    <b><p ALIGN="CENTER"><span style="font-size: 9pt">表6.21 新的Win32控件及其控件类</span></b></p>
    <table BORDER="1" CELLSPACING="1" CELLPADDING="1" WIDTH="579">
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="27%"><b><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">控件名</span></b></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><b><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">功能</span></b></td>
        <td WIDTH="23%"><b><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">对应的控件类</span></b></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="27%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">动画(Animate)</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">可播放avi文件．</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="23%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">CAnimateCtrl</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="27%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">热键(Hot Key)</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">使用户能选择热键组合．</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="23%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">CHotKeyCtrl</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="27%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">列表视图(List View)</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">能够以列表、小图标、大图标或报告格式显示数据．</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="23%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">CListCtrl</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="27%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">进度条(Progress Bar)</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">用于指示进度．</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="23%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">CProgressCtrl</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="27%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">滑尺(Slider)</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">也叫轨道条(Trackbar)，用户可以移动滑尺来在某一范围中进行选择．</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="23%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">CSliderCtrl</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="27%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">旋转按钮(Spin Button)</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">有时被称为上下控件．有一对箭头按钮，用来调节某一值的大小．</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="23%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">CSpinButtonCtrl</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="27%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">标签(Tab)</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">用来作为标签使用．</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="23%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">CTabCtrl</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="27%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">树形视图(Tree View)</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">以树状结构显示数据．</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="23%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">CTreeCtrl</span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">本节将主要介绍列表视图、树形视图、进度条、旋转按钮和滑尺控件，动画控件将在第十二章介绍．</span></p>
    <b><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></b><span style="font-size: 9pt"><font color="#3973DE">6.2.1 Win32控件的通知消息</font></span></p>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">　　较之传统的Windows 3.x控件，新的Win32控件更加复杂和先进．在新控件发送通知消息的同时，往往还需要附加一些数据来描述控件的状态．传统的WM_COMMAND消息通知机制显然不能完成这一任务，因为WM_COMMAND消息的wParam和lParam已经被占满了（见6.1.1），无法容纳新的数据．</span></p>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">　　在Win32中，采用新的WM_NOTIFY消息来实现新控件的消息通知机制．在该消息的wParam中含有控件的ID，lParam中则有一个指针，这个指针指向一个结构．这个结构要么是NMHDR结构，要么是一个以NMHDR结构作为第一个成员的扩充结构．通过NMHDR结构及其扩充结构可以传递附加数据．从理论上讲，可以通过扩充结构传送任意多的数据．需要指出的是，由于NMHDR结构是扩充结构的第一个成员，因此lParam中的指针即可以认为是指向NMHDR结构的，也可以认为指向包含NMHDR结构的扩充结构的．</span></p>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">NMHDR结构如下所示：</span></p>
    <blockquote>
      <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">typedef struct tagNMHDR {</span></p>
      <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">HWND hwndFrom; //控件窗口的句柄</span></p>
      <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">UINT idFrom; //控件的ID</span></p>
      <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">UINT code; //控件的通知消息码</span></p>
      <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">} NMHDR;</span></p>
    </blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">一个典型的扩充结构如下所示，该结构用于列表视图控件的LVN_KEYDOWN通知消息．</span></p>
    <blockquote>
      <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">typedef struct tagLV_KEYDOWN {</span></p>
      <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">NMHDR hdr; //NMHDR结构作为第一个成员</span></p>
      <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">WORD wVKey; </span></p>
      <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">UINT flags; </span></p>
      <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">} LV_KEYDOWN;</span></p>
    </blockquote>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">有些控件通知消息是所有Win32控件共有的，这些消息在表6.22中列出．</span></p>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><b><span style="font-size: 9pt">　</span></p>
    <p ALIGN="CENTER"><span style="font-size: 9pt">表6.22 Win32控件共有的通知消息</span></b></p>
    <table BORDER="1" CELLSPACING="1" CELLPADDING="1" WIDTH="579">
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><b><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">通知消息码</span></b></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><b><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">含义</span></b></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">NM_CLICK</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">用户在控件上单击鼠标左键．</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">NM_DBLCLK</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">用户在控件上双击鼠标左键．</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">NM_RCLICK</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">用户在控件上单击鼠标右键．</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">NM_RDBLCLK</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">用户在控件上双击鼠标右键．</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">NM_RETURN</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">用户在控件上按回车键．</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">NM_SETFOCUS</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">控件获得输入焦点．</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">NM_KILLFOCUS</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">控件失去输入焦点．</span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">NM_OUTOFMEMORY</span></td>
        <td WIDTH="50%"><p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">内存不够．</span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <p><span style="font-size: 9pt">　</span></p>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">　</span></p>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">WM_NOTIFY的消息映射由宏ON_NOTIFY负责，该消息映射宏具有如下形式：</span></p>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">ON_NOTIFY( wNotifyCode, id, memberFxn )</span></p>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">参数wNotifyCode说明了通知消息码，参数id是控件的ID，第三个参数则是消息处理函数名．消息处理函数应该按下面的形式声明，其中参数pNotifyStruct指向NMHDR及其扩充结构，参数result指向一个处理结果．</span></p>
    <p ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-size: 9pt">afx_msg void memberFxn( NMHDR * 
    pNotifyStruct, LRESULT * result );</span></p>
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