bitfile.c

LZSS 压缩/解压算法 算法简单

/***************************************************************************
*                        Bit Stream File Implementation
*
*   File    : bitfile.c
*   Purpose : This file implements a simple library of I/O functions for
*             files that contain data in sizes that aren't integral bytes.
*             An attempt was made to make the functions in this library
*             analogous to functions provided to manipulate byte streams.
*             The functions contained in this library were created with
*             compression algorithms in mind, but may be suited to other
*             applications.
*   Author  : Michael Dipperstein
*   Date    : January 9, 2004
*
****************************************************************************
*   UPDATES
*
*   $Id: bitfile.c,v 1.6 2005/12/08 06:56:55 michael Exp $
*   $Log: bitfile.c,v $
*   Revision 1.6  2005/12/08 06:56:55  michael
*   Minor text corrections.
*
*   Revision 1.5  2005/12/06 15:06:37  michael
*   Added BitFileGetBitsInt and BitFilePutBitsInt for integer types.
*
*   Revision 1.4  2005/06/23 04:34:18  michael
*   Prevent BitfileGetBits/PutBits from accessing an extra byte when given
*   an integral number of bytes.
*
*   Revision 1.3  2004/11/09 14:16:58  michael
*   Added functions to convert open bit_file_t to FILE and to
*   align open bit_file_t to the next byte.
*
*   Revision 1.2  2004/06/15 13:15:58  michael
*   Use incomplete type to hide definition of bitfile structure
*
*   Revision 1.1.1.1  2004/02/09 05:31:42  michael
*   Initial release
*
*
****************************************************************************
*
* Bitfile: Bit stream File I/O Routines
* Copyright (C) 2004-2005 by Michael Dipperstein (mdipper@.ucsb.edu)
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
*
***************************************************************************/

/***************************************************************************
*                             INCLUDED FILES
***************************************************************************/
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include "bitfile.h"

/***************************************************************************
*                            TYPE DEFINITIONS
***************************************************************************/

typedef enum
{
    BF_UNKNOWN_ENDIAN,
    BF_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
    BF_BIG_ENDIAN,
} endian_t;

struct bit_file_t
{
    FILE *fp;                   /* file pointer used by stdio functions */
    endian_t endian;            /* endianess of architecture */
    unsigned char bitBuffer;    /* bits waiting to be read/written */
    unsigned char bitCount;     /* number of bits in bitBuffer */
    BF_MODES mode;              /* open for read, write, or append */
};

/* union used to test for endianess */
typedef union
{
    unsigned long word;
    unsigned char bytes[sizeof(unsigned long)];
} endian_test_t;

/***************************************************************************
*                               PROTOTYPES
***************************************************************************/
endian_t DetermineEndianess(void);

int BitFilePutBitsLE(bit_file_t *stream, void *bits, const unsigned int count);
int BitFilePutBitsBE(bit_file_t *stream, void *bits, const unsigned int count,
    const size_t size);

int BitFileGetBitsLE(bit_file_t *stream, void *bits, const unsigned int count);
int BitFileGetBitsBE(bit_file_t *stream, void *bits, const unsigned int count,
    const size_t size);

/***************************************************************************
*                                FUNCTIONS
***************************************************************************/

/***************************************************************************
*   Function   : BitFileOpen
*   Description: This function opens a bit file for reading, writing,
*                or appending.  If successful, a bit_file_t data
*                structure will be allocated and a pointer to the
*                structure will be returned.
*   Parameters : fileName - NULL terminated string containing the name of
*                           the file to be opened.
*                mode - The mode of the file to be opened
*   Effects    : The specified file will be opened and file structure will
*                be allocated.
*   Returned   : Pointer to the bit_file_t structure for the bit file
*                opened, or NULL on failure.  errno will be set for all
*                failure cases.
***************************************************************************/
bit_file_t *BitFileOpen(const char *fileName, const BF_MODES mode)
{
    char modes[3][2] = {"rb", "wb", "ab"};  /* binary modes for fopen */
    bit_file_t *bf;

    bf = (bit_file_t *)malloc(sizeof(bit_file_t));

    if (bf == NULL)
    {
        /* malloc failed */
        errno = ENOMEM;
    }
    else
    {
        bf->fp = fopen(fileName, modes[mode]);

        if (bf->fp == NULL)
        {
            /* fopen failed */
            free(bf);
            bf = NULL;
        }
        else
        {
            /* fopen succeeded fill in remaining bf data */
            bf->bitBuffer = 0;
            bf->bitCount = 0;
            bf->mode = mode;

            /***************************************************************
            *  TO DO: Consider using the last byte in a file to indicate
            * the number of bits in the previous byte that actually have
            * data.  If I do that, I'll need special handling of files
            * opened with a mode of BF_APPEND.
            ***************************************************************/
        }
    }

    bf->endian = DetermineEndianess();
    return (bf);
}

/***************************************************************************
*   Function   : MakeBitFile
*   Description: This function naively wraps a standard file in a
*                bit_file_t structure.  ANSI-C doesn't support file status
*                functions commonly found in other C variants, so the
*                caller must be passed as a parameter.
*   Parameters : stream - pointer to the standard file being wrapped.
*                mode - The mode of the file being wrapped.
*   Effects    : A bit_file_t structure will be created for the stream
*                passed as a parameter.
*   Returned   : Pointer to the bit_file_t structure for the bit file
*                or NULL on failure.  errno will be set for all failure
*                cases.
***************************************************************************/
bit_file_t *MakeBitFile(FILE *stream, const BF_MODES mode)
{
    bit_file_t *bf;

    if (stream == NULL)
    {
        /* can't wrapper empty steam */
        errno = EBADF;
        bf = NULL;
    }
    else
    {
        bf = (bit_file_t *)malloc(sizeof(bit_file_t));

        if (bf == NULL)
        {
            /* malloc failed */
            errno = ENOMEM;
        }
        else
        {
            /* set structure data */
            bf->fp = stream;
            bf->bitBuffer = 0;
            bf->bitCount = 0;
            bf->mode = mode;
        }
    }

    bf->endian = DetermineEndianess();

    return (bf);
}

/***************************************************************************
*   Function   : DetermineEndianess
*   Description: This function determines the endianess of the current
*                hardware architecture.  An unsigned long is set to 1.  If
*                the 1st byte of the unsigned long gets the 1, this is a
*                little endian machine.  If the last byte gets the 1, this
*                is a big endian machine.
*   Parameters : None
*   Effects    : None
*   Returned   : endian_t for current machine architecture
***************************************************************************/
endian_t DetermineEndianess(void)
{
    endian_t endian;
    endian_test_t endianTest;

    endianTest.word = 1;
    
    if (endianTest.bytes[0] == 1)
    {
        /* LSB is 1st byte (little endian)*/
        endian = BF_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
    }
    else if (endianTest.bytes[sizeof(unsigned long) - 1] == 1)
    {
        /* LSB is last byte (big endian)*/
        endian = BF_BIG_ENDIAN;
    }
    else
    {
        endian = BF_UNKNOWN_ENDIAN;
    }

    return endian;
}

/***************************************************************************
*   Function   : BitFileClose
*   Description: This function closes a bit file and frees all associated
*                data.
*   Parameters : stream - pointer to bit file stream being closed
*   Effects    : The specified file will be closed and the file structure
*                will be freed.
*   Returned   : 0 for success or EOF for failure.
***************************************************************************/
int BitFileClose(bit_file_t *stream)
{
    int returnValue = 0;

    if (stream == NULL)
    {
        return(EOF);
    }

    if ((stream->mode == BF_WRITE) || (stream->mode == BF_APPEND))
    {
        /* write out any unwritten bits */
        if (stream->bitCount != 0)
        {
            (stream->bitBuffer) <<= 8 - (stream->bitCount);
            fputc(stream->bitBuffer, stream->fp);   /* handle error? */
        }
    }

    /***********************************************************************
    *  TO DO: Consider writing an additional byte indicating the number of
    *  valid bits (bitCount) in the previous byte.
    ***********************************************************************/

    /* close file */
    returnValue = fclose(stream->fp);

    /* free memory allocated for bit file */
    free(stream);

    return(returnValue);
}

/***************************************************************************
*   Function   : BitFileToFILE
*   Description: This function flushes and frees the bitfile structure,
*                returning a pointer to a stdio file.
*   Parameters : stream - pointer to bit file stream being closed
*   Effects    : The specified bitfile will be made useable as a stdio
*                FILE.
*   Returned   : Pointer to FILE.  NULL for failure.
***************************************************************************/
FILE *BitFileToFILE(bit_file_t *stream)
{
    FILE *fp = NULL;

    if (stream == NULL)
    {
        return(NULL);
    }

    if ((stream->mode == BF_WRITE) || (stream->mode == BF_APPEND))
    {
        /* write out any unwritten bits */
        if (stream->bitCount != 0)
        {
            (stream->bitBuffer) <<= 8 - (stream->bitCount);
            fputc(stream->bitBuffer, stream->fp);   /* handle error? */
        }
    }

    /***********************************************************************
    *  TO DO: Consider writing an additional byte indicating the number of
    *  valid bits (bitCount) in the previous byte.
    ***********************************************************************/

    /* close file */
    fp = stream->fp;

    /* free memory allocated for bit file */
    free(stream);

    return(fp);
}

/***************************************************************************
*   Function   : BitFileByteAlign
*   Description: This function aligns the bitfile to the nearest byte.  For
*                output files, this means writing out the bit buffer with
*                extra bits set to 0.  For input files, this means flushing
*                the bit buffer.