list.pm

网页留言本,比一般的留言簿管用

=item [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)]

=item {kho} : Khotanese

=item {ki} : Kikuyu

eq Gikuyu.

=item {kmb} : Kimbundu

=item {rw} : Kinyarwanda

=item {ky} : Kirghiz

=item {i-klingon} : Klingon

=item {kv} : Komi

=item {kon} : Kongo

=item {kok} : Konkani

=item {ko} : Korean

=item {kos} : Kosraean

=item {kpe} : Kpelle

=item {kro} : Kru

=item {kj} : Kuanyama

=item {kum} : Kumyk

=item {ku} : Kurdish

=item {kru} : Kurukh

=item {kut} : Kutenai

=item {lad} : Ladino

eq Judeo-Spanish.  NOT Ladin (a minority language in Italy).

=item {lah} : Lahnda

NOT Lamba!

=item {lam} : Lamba

NOT Lahnda!

=item {lo} : Lao

eq Laotian.

=item {la} : Latin

(Historical)  NOT Ladin!  NOT Ladino!

=item {lv} : Latvian

eq Lettish.

=item {lb} : Letzeburgesch

eq Luxemburgian, eq Luxemburger.  (Formerly i-lux.)

=for etc
{i-lux} Letzeburgesch (old tag)

=item {lez} : Lezghian

=item {ln} : Lingala

=item {lt} : Lithuanian

=item {nds} : Low German

eq Low Saxon.  eq Low German.  eq Low Saxon.

=item {loz} : Lozi

=item {lub} : Luba-Katanga

=item {lua} : Luba-Lulua

=item {lui} : Luiseno

eq LuiseE<ntilde>o.

=item {lun} : Lunda

=item {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)

=item {lus} : Lushai

=item {mk} : Macedonian

eq the modern Slavic language spoken in what was Yugoslavia.
NOT the form of Greek spoken in Greek Macedonia!

=item {mad} : Madurese

=item {mag} : Magahi

=item {mai} : Maithili

=item {mak} : Makasar

=item {mg} : Malagasy

=item {ms} : Malay

NOT Malayalam!

=item {ml} : Malayalam

NOT Malay!

=item {mt} : Maltese

=item {mnc} : Manchu

=item {mdr} : Mandar

NOT Mandarin!

=item {man} : Mandingo

=item {mni} : Manipuri

eq Meithei.

=item [{mno} : Manobo languages]

=item {gv} : Manx

=item {mi} : Maori

NOT Mari!

=item {mr} : Marathi

=item {chm} : Mari

NOT Maori!

=item {mh} : Marshall

eq Marshallese.

=item {mwr} : Marwari

=item {mas} : Masai

=item [{myn} : Mayan languages]

=item {men} : Mende

=item {mic} : Micmac

=item {min} : Minangkabau

=item {i-mingo} : Mingo

eq the Irquoian language West Virginia Seneca.  NOT New York Seneca!

=item [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages]

Don't use this.

=item {moh} : Mohawk

=item {mo} : Moldavian

eq Moldovan.

=item [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)]

=item {lol} : Mongo

=item {mn} : Mongolian

eq Mongol.

=item {mos} : Mossi

=item [{mul} : Multiple languages]

Not for normal use.

=item [{mun} : Munda languages]

=item {nah} : Nahuatl

=item {na} : Nauru

=item {nv} : Navajo

eq Navaho.  (Formerly i-navajo.)

=for etc
{i-navajo} Navajo (old tag)

=item {nd} : North Ndebele

=item {nr} : South Ndebele

=item {ng} : Ndonga

=item {ne} : Nepali

eq Nepalese.  Notable forms:
{ne-np} Nepal Nepali;
{ne-in} India Nepali.

=item {new} : Newari

=item {nia} : Nias

=item [{nic} : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)]

=item [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)]

=item {niu} : Niuean

=item {non} : Old Norse

(Historical)

=item [{nai} : North American Indian]

Do not use this.

=item {se} : Northern Sami

eq Lappish.  eq Lapp.  eq (Northern) Saami.

=item {no} : Norwegian

Note the two following forms:

=item {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal

eq BokmE<aring>l, (A form of Norwegian.)  (Formerly no-bok.)

=for etc
{no-bok} Norwegian Bokmal (old tag)

=item {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk

(A form of Norwegian.)  (Formerly no-nyn.)

=for etc
{no-nyn} Norwegian Nynorsk (old tag)

=item [{nub} : Nubian languages]

=item {nym} : Nyamwezi

=item {nyn} : Nyankole

=item {nyo} : Nyoro

=item {nzi} : Nzima

=item {oc} : Occitan (post 1500)

eq ProvenE<ccedil>al, eq Provencal

=item {oji} : Ojibwa

eq Ojibwe.

=item {or} : Oriya

=item {om} : Oromo

=item {osa} : Osage

=item {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic

=item [{oto} : Otomian languages]

Group of languages collectively called "OtomE<iacute>".

=item {pal} : Pahlavi

eq Pahlevi

=item {i-pwn} : Paiwan

eq Pariwan

=item {pau} : Palauan

=item {pi} : Pali

(Historical?)

=item {pam} : Pampanga

=item {pag} : Pangasinan

=item {pa} : Panjabi

eq Punjabi

=item {pap} : Papiamento

eq Papiamentu.

=item [{paa} : Papuan (Other)]

=item {fa} : Persian

eq Farsi.  eq Iranian.

=item {peo} : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.)

=item [{phi} : Philippine (Other)]

=item {phn} : Phoenician

(Historical)

=item {pon} : Pohnpeian

NOT Pompeiian!

=item {pl} : Polish

=item {pt} : Portuguese

eq Portugese.  Notable forms:
{pt-pt} Portugal Portuguese;
{pt-br} Brazilian Portuguese.

=item [{pra} : Prakrit languages]

=item {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500)

eq Old ProvenE<ccedil>al.  (Historical.)

=item {ps} : Pushto

eq Pashto.  eq Pushtu.

=item {qu} : Quechua

eq Quecha.

=item {rm} : Raeto-Romance

eq Romansh.

=item {raj} : Rajasthani

=item {rap} : Rapanui

=item {rar} : Rarotongan

=item [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.]

=item [{roa} : Romance (Other)]

NOT Romanian!  NOT Romany!  NOT Romansh!

=item {ro} : Romanian

eq Rumanian.  NOT Romany!

=item {rom} : Romany

eq Rom.  NOT Romanian!

=item {rn} : Rundi

=item {ru} : Russian

NOT White Russian!  NOT Rusyn!

=item [{sal} : Salishan languages]

Large language group.

=item {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic

NOT Aramaic!

=item [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)]

=item {sm} : Samoan

=item {sad} : Sandawe

=item {sg} : Sango

=item {sa} : Sanskrit

(Historical)

=item {sat} : Santali

=item {sc} : Sardinian

eq Sard.

=item {sas} : Sasak

=item {sco} : Scots

NOT Scots Gaelic!

=item {sel} : Selkup

=item [{sem} : Semitic (Other)]

=item {sr} : Serbian

eq Serb.  NOT Sorbian.

=item {srr} : Serer

=item {shn} : Shan

=item {sn} : Shona

=item {sid} : Sidamo

=item {sgn-...} : Sign Languages

Always use with a subtag.  Notable forms:
{sgn-gb} British Sign Language (BSL);
{sgn-ie} Irish Sign Language (ESL);
{sgn-ni} Nicaraguan Sign Language (ISN);
{sgn-us} American Sign Language (ASL).

=item {bla} : Siksika

eq Blackfoot.  eq Pikanii.

=item {sd} : Sindhi

=item {si} : Sinhalese

eq Sinhala.

=item [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)]

=item [{sio} : Siouan languages]

=item {den} : Slave (Athapascan)

("Slavey" is a subform.)

=item [{sla} : Slavic (Other)]

=item {sk} : Slovak

eq Slovakian.

=item {sl} : Slovenian

eq Slovene.

=item {sog} : Sogdian

=item {so} : Somali

=item {son} : Songhai

=item {snk} : Soninke

=item {wen} : Sorbian languages

eq Wendish.  eq Sorb.  eq Lusatian.  eq Wend.  NOT Venda!  NOT Serbian!

=item {nso} : Northern Sotho

=item {st} : Southern Sotho

eq Sutu.  eq Sesotho.

=item [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)]

=item {es} : Spanish

Notable forms:
{es-ar} Argentine Spanish;
{es-bo} Bolivian Spanish;
{es-cl} Chilean Spanish;
{es-co} Colombian Spanish;
{es-do} Dominican Spanish;
{es-ec} Ecuadorian Spanish;
{es-es} Spain Spanish;
{es-gt} Guatemalan Spanish;
{es-hn} Honduran Spanish;
{es-mx} Mexican Spanish;
{es-pa} Panamanian Spanish;
{es-pe} Peruvian Spanish;
{es-pr} Puerto Rican Spanish;
{es-py} Paraguay Spanish;
{es-sv} Salvadoran Spanish;
{es-us} US Spanish;
{es-uy} Uruguayan Spanish;
{es-ve} Venezuelan Spanish.

=item {suk} : Sukuma

=item {sux} : Sumerian

(Historical)

=item {su} : Sundanese

=item {sus} : Susu

=item {sw} : Swahili

eq Kiswahili

=item {ss} : Swati

=item {sv} : Swedish

Notable forms:
{sv-se} Sweden Swedish;
{sv-fi} Finland Swedish.

=item {syr} : Syriac

=item {tl} : Tagalog

=item {ty} : Tahitian

=item [{tai} : Tai (Other)]

NOT Thai!

=item {tg} : Tajik

=item {tmh} : Tamashek

=item {ta} : Tamil

=item {i-tao} : Tao

eq Yami.

=item {tt} : Tatar

=item {i-tay} : Tayal

eq Atayal.  eq Atayan.

=item {te} : Telugu

=item {ter} : Tereno

=item {tet} : Tetum

=item {th} : Thai

NOT Tai!

=item {bo} : Tibetan

=item {tig} : Tigre

=item {ti} : Tigrinya

=item {tem} : Timne

eq Themne.  eq Timene.

=item {tiv} : Tiv

=item {tli} : Tlingit

=item {tpi} : Tok Pisin

=item {tkl} : Tokelau

=item {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa)

NOT Tsonga!

=item {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands)

(Pronounced "Tong-a", not "Tong-ga")

NOT Tsonga!

=item {tsi} : Tsimshian

eq Sm'algyax

=item {ts} : Tsonga

NOT Tonga!

=item {i-tsu} : Tsou

=item {tn} : Tswana

Same as Setswana.

=item {tum} : Tumbuka

=item {tr} : Turkish

(Typically in Roman script)

=item {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)

(Typically in Arabic script)  (Historical)

=item {tk} : Turkmen

eq Turkmeni.

=item {tvl} : Tuvalu

=item {tyv} : Tuvinian

eq Tuvan.  eq Tuvin.

=item {tw} : Twi

=item {uga} : Ugaritic

NOT Ugric!

=item {ug} : Uighur

=item {uk} : Ukrainian

=item {umb} : Umbundu

=item {und} : Undetermined

Not a tag for normal use.

=item {ur} : Urdu

=item {uz} : Uzbek

eq E<Ouml>zbek

=item {vai} : Vai

=item {ven} : Venda

NOT Wendish!  NOT Wend!  NOT Avestan!

=item {vi} : Vietnamese

eq Viet.

=item {vo} : Volapuk

eq VolapE<uuml>k.  (Artificial)

=item {vot} : Votic

eq Votian.  eq Vod.

=item [{wak} : Wakashan languages]

=item {wal} : Walamo

eq Wolaytta.

=item {war} : Waray

Presumably the Philippine language Waray-Waray (SamareE<ntilde>o),
not the smaller Philippine language Waray Sorsogon, nor the extinct
Australian language Waray.

=item {was} : Washo

eq Washoe

=item {cy} : Welsh

=item {wo} : Wolof

=item {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use)

"x-" is a prefix for language tags that are not registered with ISO
or IANA.  Example, x-double-dutch

=item {xh} : Xhosa

=item {sah} : Yakut

=item {yao} : Yao

(The Yao in Malawi?)

=item {yap} : Yapese

eq Yap

=item {yi} : Yiddish

Formerly "ji".  Sometimes in Roman script, sometimes in Hebrew script.

=for etc
{ji} Yiddish (old tag)

=item {yo} : Yoruba

=item [{ypk} : Yupik languages]

Several "Eskimo" languages.

=item {znd} : Zande

=item [{zap} : Zapotec]

(A group of languages.)

=item {zen} : Zenaga

NOT Zend.

=item {za} : Zhuang

=item {zu} : Zulu

=item {zun} : Zuni

eq ZuE<ntilde>i

=back

=for woohah END

=head1 SEE ALSO

L<I18N::LangTags|I18N::LangTags> and its "See Also" section.

=head1 COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER

Copyright (c) 2001,2002 Sean M. Burke. All rights reserved.

You can redistribute and/or
modify this document under the same terms as Perl itself.

This document is provided in the hope that it will be
useful, but without any warranty;
without even the implied warranty of accuracy, authoritativeness,
completeness, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose.

Email any corrections or questions to me.

=head1 AUTHOR

Sean M. Burke, sburkeE<64>cpan.org

=cut


# To generate a list of just the two and three-letter codes:

#!/usr/local/bin/perl -w

require 5; # Time-stamp: "2001-03-13 21:53:39 MST"
 # Sean M. Burke, [e-mail]
 # This program is for generating the language_codes.txt file
use strict;
use LWP::Simple;
use HTML::TreeBuilder 3.10;
my $root = HTML::TreeBuilder->new();
my $url = 'http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/bibcodes.html';
$root->parse(get($url) || die "Can't get $url");
$root->eof();

my @codes;

foreach my $tr ($root->find_by_tag_name('tr')) {
  my @f = map $_->as_text(), $tr->content_list();
  #print map("<$_> ", @f), "\n";
  next unless @f == 5;
  pop @f; # nix the French name
  next if $f[-1] eq 'Language Name (English)'; # it's a header line
  my $xx = splice(@f, 2,1); # pull out the two-letter code
  $f[-1] =~ s/^\s+//;
  $f[-1] =~ s/\s+$//;
  if($xx =~ m/[a-zA-Z]/) {   # there's a two-letter code for it
    push   @codes, [ lc($f[-1]),   "$xx\t$f[-1]\n" ];
  } else { # print the three-letter codes.
    if($f[0] eq $f[1]) {
      push @codes, [ lc($f[-1]), "$f[1]\t$f[2]\n" ];
    } else { # shouldn't happen
      push @codes, [ lc($f[-1]), "@f !!!!!!!!!!\n" ]; 
    }
  }
}

print map $_->[1], sort {; $a->[0] cmp $b->[0] } @codes;
print "[ based on $url\n at ", scalar(localtime), "]\n",
  "[Note: doesn't include IANA-registered codes.]\n";
exit;
__END__