📄 适合的stl教程.mht
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style=3D'mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>算法</b>（</span>=
<span
lang=3DEN-US>algorithms</span><span style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii=
-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>）ӌ=
9;<b
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>函数对象</b=
>（</span><span
lang=3DEN-US>function objects</span><span style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso=
-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>）ࡴ=
4;<b
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>分配器</b>（=
;</span><span
class=3DSpellE><span lang=3DEN-US>allocators</span></span><span style=3D'=
font-family:
SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Tim=
es New Roman"'>）。</span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-fam=
ily:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>在</span=
><u><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-fami=
ly:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>例ड=
6;章节</span></u><span
lang=3DEN-US>(Example section)</span><span style=3D'font-family:SimSun;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New =
Roman"'>中，我给了一个简=
1333;的示例，一次把这ߛ=
6;种类别的组件都介绍&=
#20102;一下。</span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-fam=
ily:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>在</span=
><u><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-fami=
ly:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>原ச=
2;章节</span></u><span
style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-h=
ansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>中（</span><span lang=3DEN-US>Philosophy s=
ection</span><span
style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-h=
ansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>），我解释</span><span
lang=3DEN-US>STL</span><span style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-f=
amily:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>组ಭ=
5;（</span><span
lang=3DEN-US>organization</span><span style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-asc=
ii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>）௚=
0;</span><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>基本=
;原理，并且提示使用&#=
23427;的最佳方式。（还Ė=
09;写好）</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-fa=
mily:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><u><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-fam=
ily:
SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Tim=
es New Roman"'>组件章节</span></u><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>(Components se=
ction)</span><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>深入=
;探讨了每种组件的具&#=
20307;用法。</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-fa=
mily:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><u><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10=
.5pt'>STL</span></u><u><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-fami=
ly:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>扩ऻ=
7;章节</span></u><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>(Extending STL=
section)</span><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>展示=
;了怎样定义你自己的&#=
31867;型，来满足</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>STL</span><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>的要=
;求。</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-fa=
mily:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-fa=
mily:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<h3 style=3D'mso-outline-level:3'><span style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-a=
scii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>第ߌ=
8;个例子</span></h3>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-fa=
mily:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;
mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-f=
amily:
Tahoma'>你们中的不少人都&=
#29992;过某些类似于数组</sp=
an><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>(array-like)</=
span><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>的类=
;型吧，这种类型可以&#=
33258;动地分配内存</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>(auto-allocati=
ng)</span><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>。想=
;知道向量</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>(vector</span>=
<span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>译注=
;：不同于数学上的向&#=
37327;</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>)</span><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>怎么=
;用吗？我们从一个简&#=
21333;的</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>C++</span><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>例子=
;开始吧，这个程序先&#=
35835;入一些整数，再将ê=
27;们排序并输出。我们=
将引入</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>STL</span><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>，把=
;这个程序一点点地替&#=
25442;。</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-fa=
mily:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b style=3D'mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>版本=
;</span></b><b
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-si=
ze:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma'>1</span></b><b style=3D'mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>=
<span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>：</span>=
</b><b
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style=3D'font-family:SimSun;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New =
Roman"'>标准</span><span
lang=3DEN-US>C++<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b style=3D'mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=
=3DEN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-fam=
ily:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>这਷=
9;一个标准的</span><span
lang=3DEN-US>C++</span><span style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-f=
amily:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>程ॴ=
7;，用来读入一列整数&=
#65292;并把</span><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>它们=
;排序后输出。</span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span lang=3DEN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<table class=3DMsoNormalTable border=3D1 cellspacing=3D0 cellpadding=3D0 =
width=3D577
style=3D'width:433.0pt;border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-border-a=
lt:
solid windowtext .5pt;mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;mso-border-ins=
ideh:
.5pt solid windowtext;mso-border-insidev:.5pt solid windowtext'>
<tr style=3D'mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;
height:8.9pt'>
<td width=3D577 valign=3Dtop style=3D'width:433.0pt;border:solid window=
text 1.0pt;
mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
height:8.9pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dleft style=3D'text-align:left;mso-layout-g=
rid-align:
none;text-autospace:none'><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";color:green;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>#include &l=
t;<span
class=3DSpellE>stdlib.h</span>><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dleft style=3D'text-align:left;mso-layout-g=
rid-align:
none;text-autospace:none'><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";color:green;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>#include &l=
t;<span
class=3DSpellE>iostream.h</span>><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dleft style=3D'text-align:left;mso-layout-g=
rid-align:
none;text-autospace:none'><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";color:green;mso-font-kerning:0pt'><o:p> =
</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dleft style=3D'text-align:left;mso-layout-g=
rid-align:
none;text-autospace:none'><i><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0=
pt;
font-family:"Courier New";color:teal;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>// <span
class=3DGramE>a and</span> b point to integers.<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=3DSpellE>cmp</span>
returns -1 if a is less than b,<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dleft style=3D'text-align:left;mso-layout-g=
rid-align:
none;text-autospace:none'><i><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0=
pt;
font-family:"Courier New";color:teal;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>// 0 if they=
are
equal, and 1 if <span class=3DGramE>a is</span> greater than b.<o:p></o=
:p></span></i></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dleft style=3D'text-align:left;mso-layout-g=
rid-align:
none;text-autospace:none'><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";color:blue;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>inline <span
class=3DSpellE>int</span> </span><span class=3DSpellE><span lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;mso-fon=
t-kerning:
0pt'>cmp</span></span><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font=
-family:
"Courier New";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt'> (</span><span lang=3DE=
N-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:blue;mso-font=
-kerning:
0pt'>const void </span><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;fon=
t-family:
"Courier New";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>*a, </span><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:=
blue;
mso-font-kerning:0pt'>const void </span><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'fon=
t-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>*b)<=
o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dleft style=3D'text-align:left;mso-layout-g=
rid-align:
none;text-autospace:none'><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>{<o:p></o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dleft style=3D'text-align:left;mso-layout-g=
rid-align:
none;text-autospace:none'><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt'><span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span class=3DSpellE><s=
pan
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:=
blue;
mso-font-kerning:0pt'>int</span></span><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font=
-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:blue;mso-font-kerning:0pt'> </sp=
an><span
class=3DSpellE><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family=
:"Courier New";
color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>aa</span></span><span lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;mso-fon=
t-kerning:
0pt'> =3D *(</span><span class=3DSpellE><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'fon=
t-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";color:blue;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>int</span></=
span><span
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