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📄 oracle sql性能优化系列 (七)--acnow_net.htm

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                  <H1>ORACLE SQL性能优化系列 (七)</H1> 
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                <TD align=middle height=20>http://Tech.acnow.net 2005-4-29 <FONT color=#a20010>网络</FONT></TD> 
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                <TD class=l17><FONT class=f14 id=zoom><BR>24.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 用EXPLAIN PLAN 分析SQL语句<BR><BR>&nbsp;<BR><BR>EXPLAIN PLAN 是一个很好的分析SQL语句的工具,它甚至可以在不执行SQL的情况下分析语句. 通过分析,我们就可以知道ORACLE是怎么样连接表,使用什么方式扫描表(索引扫描或全表扫描)以及使用到的索引名称.<BR><BR>你需要按照从里到外,从上到下的次序解读分析的结果. EXPLAIN PLAN分析的结果是用缩进的格式排列的, 最内部的操作将被最先解读, 如果两个操作处于同一层中,带有最小操作号的将被首先执行.<BR><BR>NESTED LOOP是少数不按照上述规则处理的操作, 正确的执行路径是检查对NESTED LOOP提供数据的操作,其中操作号最小的将被最先处理.<BR><BR>&nbsp;<BR><BR>译者按: <BR><BR>&nbsp;<BR><BR>通过实践, 感到还是用SQLPLUS中的SET TRACE 功能比较方便.<BR><BR>举例:<BR><BR>&nbsp;<BR><BR>SQL&gt; list<BR><BR>&nbsp; 1&nbsp; SELECT *<BR><BR>&nbsp; 2&nbsp; FROM dept, emp<BR><BR>&nbsp; 3* WHERE emp.deptno = dept.deptno<BR><BR>SQL&gt; set autotrace traceonly /*traceonly 可以不显示执行结果*/<BR><BR>SQL&gt; /<BR><BR>14 rows selected.<BR><BR>Execution Plan<BR><BR>----------------------------------------------------------<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=CHOOSE<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp; NESTED LOOPS<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'EMP' <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'DEPT'<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'PK_DEPT' (UNIQUE)<BR><BR>&nbsp;<BR><BR>Statistics<BR><BR>----------------------------------------------------------<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp; recursive calls<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp; db block gets<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 30&nbsp; consistent gets<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp; physical reads<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp; redo size<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2598&nbsp; bytes sent via SQL*Net to client<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 503&nbsp; bytes received via SQL*Net from client<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp; SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp; sorts (memory)<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp; sorts (disk)<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 14&nbsp; rows processed<BR><BR>&nbsp;<BR><BR>通过以上分析,可以得出实际的执行步骤是:<BR><BR>1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'EMP' <BR><BR>2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'PK_DEPT' (UNIQUE)<BR><BR>3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'DEPT'<BR><BR>4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; NESTED LOOPS (JOINING 1 AND 3)<BR><BR>&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR><BR>注: 目前许多第三方的工具如TOAD和ORACLE本身提供的工具如OMS的SQL Analyze都提供了极其方便的EXPLAIN PLAN工具.也许喜欢图形化界面的朋友们可以选用它们.<BR><BR>&nbsp;<BR><BR>(待续)<BR>
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		上一篇:<a href='../../2005-4/29/164558059816455868846.shtml' title ='ORACLE DBA常用SQL脚本工具-&amp;gt;管理篇(1)'>ORACLE DBA常用SQL脚本工具-&amp;gt;管理篇(1)</a> 下一篇:<a href='../../2005-4/29/164558059816455823049.shtml' title ='ORA-01034错误的解决办法'>ORA-01034错误的解决办法</a>
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