esb.txt

是瑞典科学院开发的世界最小的嵌入式操作系统,并且包括了TCP/IP协议,是最新版本

/** \addtogroup platform
 * @{ **/

/**
\defgroup esb The ESB Embedded Sensor Board

The ESB (Embedded Sensor Board) is a prototype wireless sensor network
device developed at Freie Universit鋞 Berlin.

<img src="img/esb/esb.jpg" align="right">

The ESB consists of a Texas Instruments MSP430 low-power
microcontroller with 2k RAM and 60k flash ROM, a TR1001 radio
transceiver, a 32k serial EEPROM, an RS232 port, a JTAG port, a
beeper, and a number of sensors (passive IR, active IR
sender/receiver, vibration/tilt, microphone, temperature).


The Contiki/ESB port contains drivers for most of the sensors. The
drivers were mostly adapted from sources from FU Berlin.

\section esb-getting-started Getting started with Contiki for the ESB platform

The ESB is equipped with an MSP430 microcontroller. The first step to
getting started with Contiki for the ESB is to install the development
tools for compiling Contiki for the MSP430.

Windows users, see \ref esb-win-setup. FreeBSD users, see \ref esb-freebsd-setup

\section esb-win-setup Setting up the Windows environment

The Contiki development environment under Windows uses the Cygwin
environment. Cygwin is a Linux-like environment for Windows. Cygwin
can be found at http://www.cygwin.com. Click on the icon "Install
Cygwin Now" to the right to get the installation started.

Choose "Install from Internet" and then specify where you want to
install cygwin (recommended installation path:
<tt>C:\\cygwin</tt>). Continue with the installation until you are
asked to select packages. Most packages can be left as "Default" but
there is one package that are not installed by default. Install the
following package by clicking at "Default" until it changes to
"Install":

- Devel - contains things for developers (make, etc).

<img src="img/esb/cygwin6b.jpg" align="center">

When cygwin is installed there should be a cygwin icon that starts
up a cygwin bash when clicked on. Whenever it is time to compile and
send programs to the ESB nodes it will be done from a cygwin shell.

\subsection winintro-installing-editor C programming editor

If you do not already have a nice programming editor it is a good
idea to download and install one. The Crimson editor is a nice
windows based editor that is both easy to get started with and
fairly powerful.

Crimson Editor can be found at:
http://www.crimsoneditor.com/

The editor is useful both when editing C programs and when
modifying scripts and configuration files.

\subsection winintro-installing-compiler MSP430 Compiler and tools

A compiler is needed to compile the programs to the MSP430
microprocessor that is used on the ESB sensor nodes. Download and
install the GCC toolchain for MSP430 (recommended installation path:
C:\\MSP430\\).

The GCC toolchain for MSP430 can be found at:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/mspgcc/

When the above software is installed you also need to set-up the
PATH so that all of the necessary tools can be reached. In cygwin
this is done by the following line (given that you have installed
at recommended locations):

<tt>
export PATH=\$PATH:/cygdrive/c/MSP430/mspgcc/bin
</tt>

This line can also be added to the .profile startup file in your cygwin
home directory
(<tt>C:\\cygwin\\home\\\<YOUR USERNAME\>\\.profile</tt>).

If your home directory is located elsewhere you can find it by
starting cygwin and running \c cd followed by \c pwd.

\subsection winintro-installing-contiki The Contiki operating system, including examples

When programming the ESB sensor nodes it is very useful to have an
operating system that takes care of some of the low-level tasks and
also gives you as a programmer APIs for things like events, hardware
and networking.  We will use the Contiki operating system developed by
Adam Dunkels, SICS, which is very well suited when programming small
embedded systems.

The Contiki OS can be found at:
http://www.sics.se/~adam/contiki/

Unzip the Contiki OS at (for example) C:\\
and you will get the following directories among others:

- contiki-2.x/core - the contiki operating system
- contiki-2.x/platform/esb - the contiki operating system drivers, etc for the ESB
- contiki-2.x/platform/esb/apps/ - example applications for the ESB

\subsection winintro-testing Testing the tools

Now everything necessary to start developing Contiki-based sensor net
applications should be installed. Start cygwin and change to the
directory <tt>contiki-2.x/platform/esb/</tt>. Then call <tt>make
beeper.co</tt>.

If you get an error about multiple cygwin dlls when compiling, you
need to delete <tt>cygwin1.dll</tt> from the MSP430 GCC toolchain
(<tt>C:\\MSP430\\bin\\cygwin1.dll</tt>).

Connect a node and turn it on. Upload the test application by calling
<tt>make beeper.u</tt>.

\subsection winintro-testing-development Development tools

- <tt>make \<SPEC\></tt> will compile and make a executable file ready
for sending to the ESB nodes. Depending on the \c SPEC it might even
startup the application that sends the executable to the
node. Typically you would write things like <tt>"make beeper.u"</tt>
to get the file <tt>beeper.c</tt> compiled, linked and sent out to the
ESB node

\subsection winintro-testing-shell Some basic shell commands

- <tt> cd \<DIR\></tt> change to a specified directory (same as in DOS)
- <tt> pwd \<DIR\></tt> shows your current directory
- <tt> ls</tt> list the directory
- <tt> mkdir \<DIR\></tt> creates a new directory
- <tt> cp \<SRC\> \<DEST\></tt> copies a file

\section esb-freebsd-setup Setting up the FreeBSD environment

Download the msp430-gcc, msp430-binutils, and
msp430-libc packages from
http://www.sics.se/~adam/contiki/freebsd-packages/. Install the
packages (as root) with <tt>pkg_add</tt>. 

\section esb-test-compilation Compiling your first Contiki system

\section esb-burn-node-id Burning node IDs to EEPROM

The Contiki ESB port comes with a small program, <tt>burn-nodeid</tt>
that semi-permanently stores a (unique) node ID number in the ESB
EEPROM. When the Contiki ESB port boots up, this node ID is restored
from the EEPROM. To compile and run this program, go into your project
directory and run

<tt>make burn-nodeid.u nodeid=X</tt>

Where <tt>X</tt> is the node ID that will be burned into EEPROM. The
<tt>burn-nodeid</tt> program stores the node ID in EEPROM, reads it
back, and writes the output

@{

*/


/** @} */
/** @} */