📄 中华视频网 - 纵览最新视频编码标准h_264-avc.htm
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face=宋体>），研究新的编码标准</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">H.264/AVC</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>，该标准于</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">2003</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>年</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
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face=宋体>月正式获得批准。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>视频的各种应用必须通过各种网络传送，这要求一个好的视频方案能处理各种应用和网络接口。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">H.264/AVC</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>为了解决这个问题，提供了很多灵活性和客户化特性。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">H.264/AVC</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>的设计方案包含两个层次，视频编码层（</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">VCL</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>，</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
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Coding Layer</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>）和网络抽象层（</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">NAL</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>，</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
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Abstraction Layer</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>）。视频编码层主要致力于有效地表示视频内容，网络抽象层格式化</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>视频表示，提供头部信息，适合多种传输和存储媒体。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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VCL</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>的设计同以前的</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">ITU-T</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>和</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
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ISO/IEC JTC</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>一样，基于块的混合视频编码方法。基本的源编码算法是：</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>利用时间统计的相关性，开发帧间预测算法；利用预测残留变换编码，开发空间统计的相关性。在提高编码效率方面，没有一个单一的算法做出特别的贡献，而是大量的小的改善算法综合产生的结果。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>一</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>主要特性</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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1. H.264/AVC</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>相对以前的编码方法，以</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">MPEG-2</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>为例，在图像内容预测方面提高编码效率，改善图像质量的主要特点如下：</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
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</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
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</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>可变块大小运动补偿：</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>选择运动补偿大小和形状比以前的标准更灵活，最小的亮度运动补偿块可以小到</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">4×4</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
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</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
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1/4</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>采样精度运动补偿：以前的标准最多</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>精度运动补偿，首次</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
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face=宋体>采样精度运动补偿出现在</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">MPEG-4</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>第二部分高级类部分，但</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">H.264/AVC</SPAN><SPAN
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face=宋体>大大减少了内插处理的复杂度。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
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</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
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</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
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</SPAN><SPAN
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