📄 中华视频网 - 纵览最新视频编码标准h_264-avc.htm
字号:
face=宋体>和</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">ISO/IEC
MPEG </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>共同开发的视频处理标准，</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">ITU-T</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>作为标准建议</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">H.264</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>，</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">ISO/IEC</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>作为国际标准</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">14496-10</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>（</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">MPEG-4
</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>第</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">10</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>部分）高级视频编码（</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">AVC</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>）。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">
MPEG-2</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">视频编码标准（又称为</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">ITU-T
H.262[2]</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">）已有</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">10</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">年的历史了，由</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">MPEG-1</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">扩充而来，支持隔行扫描。使用十分广泛，几乎用于所有的数字电视系统，适合标清和高清电视，适合各种媒体传输，包括卫星、有线、地面等，都能有效地传输。然而，类似</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">xDSL</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">、</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">UMTS</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">（通用移动系统）技术只能提供较小的传输速率，甚至</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">DVB-T</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">，也没有足够的频段可用，提供的节目很有限，随着高清电视的引入，迫切需要高压缩比技术的出现。</SPAN>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">
</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>应用于电信的视频编码经历了</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">ITUT
H.261</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>、</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">H.262</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>（</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">MPEG-2</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>）、</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">H.263</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>、</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">H.263+</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>、</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">H.263++</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>，提供的服务从</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">ISDN</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>和</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">T1/E1</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>到</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">PSTN</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>、移动无线网和</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">LAN/INTERNET</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>网。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">
</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>最近</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">MPEG-4
</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>第二部分进入了实用领域，提供了视频形状编码，目标是与</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">MPEG-2</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>一样获得广泛的数字电视应用。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">
1998</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>年，视频编码专家组（</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">VCEG-ITU-T
SG16 Q.6</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>）启动了</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">H<st1:chmetcnv
UnitName="l" SourceValue=".26" HasSpace="False"
Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"
w:st="on">.26L</st1:chmetcnv></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>工程，旨在研制出新的压缩标准，与以前的任何标准相比，效率要提高一倍，同时具有简单、直观的视频编码技术，网络友好的视频描述，适合交互和非交互式应用（广播、存储、流煤体）。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">
2001</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>年</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">12</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>月，</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">VCEG</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>和运动图像专家组（</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">MPEG-ISO/IEC
JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>）组成了联合视频组（</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">JVT</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Courier; mso-hansi-font-family: Courier"><FONT
face=宋体>，</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier">Joint
Video Team</SPAN><SPAN
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