adaboostm1.java

一个数据挖掘软件ALPHAMINERR的整个过程的JAVA版源代码

/*
 *    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *    (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *    GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *    Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 */

/*
 *    AdaBoostM1.java
 *    Copyright (C) 1999 Eibe Frank,Len Trigg
 *
 */

package weka.classifiers.meta;


import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Vector;

import eti.bi.util.NumberFormatter;

import weka.classifiers.Evaluation;
import weka.classifiers.RandomizableIteratedSingleClassifierEnhancer;
import weka.classifiers.Sourcable;
import weka.core.Instance;
import weka.core.Instances;
import weka.core.Option;
import weka.core.UnsupportedAttributeTypeException;
import weka.core.UnsupportedClassTypeException;
import weka.core.Utils;
import weka.core.WeightedInstancesHandler;

/**
 * Class for boosting a classifier using Freund & Schapire's Adaboost 
 * M1 method. For more information, see<p>
 *
 * Yoav Freund and Robert E. Schapire
 * (1996). <i>Experiments with a new boosting algorithm</i>.  Proc
 * International Conference on Machine Learning, pages 148-156, Morgan
 * Kaufmann, San Francisco.<p>
 *
 * Valid options are:<p>
 *
 * -D <br>
 * Turn on debugging output.<p>
 *
 * -W classname <br>
 * Specify the full class name of a classifier as the basis for 
 * boosting (required).<p>
 *
 * -I num <br>
 * Set the number of boost iterations (default 10). <p>
 *
 * -P num <br>
 * Set the percentage of weight mass used to build classifiers
 * (default 100). <p>
 *
 * -Q <br>
 * Use resampling instead of reweighting.<p>
 *
 * -S seed <br>
 * Random number seed for resampling (default 1). <p>
 *
 * Options after -- are passed to the designated classifier.<p>
 *
 * @author Eibe Frank ([e-mail])
 * @author Len Trigg ([e-mail])
 * @version $Revision$ 
 */
public class AdaBoostM1 extends RandomizableIteratedSingleClassifierEnhancer 
  implements WeightedInstancesHandler, Sourcable {

  /** Max num iterations tried to find classifier with non-zero error. */ 
  private static int MAX_NUM_RESAMPLING_ITERATIONS = 10;
  
  /** Array for storing the weights for the votes. */
  protected double [] m_Betas;

  /** The number of successfully generated base classifiers. */
  protected int m_NumIterationsPerformed;

  /** Weight Threshold. The percentage of weight mass used in training */
  protected int m_WeightThreshold = 100;

  /** Use boosting with reweighting? */
  protected boolean m_UseResampling;

  /** The number of classes */
  protected int m_NumClasses;
    
  /**
   * Returns a string describing classifier
   * @return a description suitable for
   * displaying in the explorer/experimenter gui
   */
  public String globalInfo() {
 
    return "Class for boosting a nominal class classifier using the Adaboost "
      + "M1 method. Only nominal class problems can be tackled. Often "
      + "dramatically improves performance, but sometimes overfits. For more "
      + "information, see\n\n"
      + "Yoav Freund and Robert E. Schapire (1996). \"Experiments with a new boosting "
      + "algorithm\".  Proc International Conference on Machine Learning, "
      + "pages 148-156, Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco.";
  }
    
  /**
   * Constructor.
   */
  public AdaBoostM1() {
    
    m_Classifier = new weka.classifiers.trees.DecisionStump();
  }

  /**
   * String describing default classifier.
   */
  protected String defaultClassifierString() {
    
    return "weka.classifiers.trees.DecisionStump";
  }

  /**
   * Select only instances with weights that contribute to 
   * the specified quantile of the weight distribution
   *
   * @param data the input instances
   * @param quantile the specified quantile eg 0.9 to select 
   * 90% of the weight mass
   * @return the selected instances
   */
  protected Instances selectWeightQuantile(Instances data, double quantile) { 

    int numInstances = data.numInstances();
    Instances trainData = new Instances(data, numInstances);
    double [] weights = new double [numInstances];

    double sumOfWeights = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < numInstances; i++) {
      weights[i] = data.instance(i).weight();
      sumOfWeights += weights[i];
    }
    double weightMassToSelect = sumOfWeights * quantile;
    int [] sortedIndices = Utils.sort(weights);

    // Select the instances
    sumOfWeights = 0;
    for(int i = numInstances - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
      Instance instance = (Instance)data.instance(sortedIndices[i]).copy();
      trainData.add(instance);
      sumOfWeights += weights[sortedIndices[i]];
      if ((sumOfWeights > weightMassToSelect) && 
	  (i > 0) && 
	  (weights[sortedIndices[i]] != weights[sortedIndices[i - 1]])) {
	break;
      }
    }
    if (m_Debug) {
      System.err.println("Selected " + trainData.numInstances()
			 + " out of " + numInstances);
    }
    return trainData;
  }

  /**
   * Returns an enumeration describing the available options.
   *
   * @return an enumeration of all the available options.
   */
  public Enumeration listOptions() {

    Vector newVector = new Vector(2);

    newVector.addElement(new Option(
	      "\tPercentage of weight mass to base training on.\n"
	      +"\t(default 100, reduce to around 90 speed up)",
	      "P", 1, "-P <num>"));
    newVector.addElement(new Option(
	      "\tUse resampling for boosting.",
	      "Q", 0, "-Q"));


    Enumeration em = super.listOptions();
    while (em.hasMoreElements()) {
      newVector.addElement(em.nextElement());
    }
    return newVector.elements();
  }


  /**
   * Parses a given list of options. Valid options are:<p>
   *
   * -D <br>
   * Turn on debugging output.<p>
   *
   * -W classname <br>
   * Specify the full class name of a classifier as the basis for 
   * boosting (required).<p>
   *
   * -I num <br>
   * Set the number of boost iterations (default 10). <p>
   *
   * -P num <br>
   * Set the percentage of weight mass used to build classifiers
   * (default 100). <p>
   *
   * -Q <br>
   * Use resampling instead of reweighting.<p>
   *
   * -S seed <br>
   * Random number seed for resampling (default 1).<p>
   *
   * Options after -- are passed to the designated classifier.<p>
   *
   * @param options the list of options as an array of strings
   * @exception Exception if an option is not supported
   */
  public void setOptions(String[] options) throws Exception {

    String thresholdString = Utils.getOption('P', options);
    if (thresholdString.length() != 0) {
      setWeightThreshold(Integer.parseInt(thresholdString));
    } else {
      setWeightThreshold(100);
    }
      
    setUseResampling(Utils.getFlag('Q', options));
    if (m_UseResampling && (thresholdString.length() != 0)) {
      throw new Exception("Weight pruning with resampling"+
			  "not allowed.");
    }
    super.setOptions(options);
  }

  /**
   * Gets the current settings of the Classifier.
   *
   * @return an array of strings suitable for passing to setOptions
   */
  public String [] getOptions() {

    String [] superOptions = super.getOptions();
    String [] options = new String [superOptions.length + 2];

    int current = 0;
    if (getUseResampling()) {
      options[current++] = "-Q";
    } else {
      options[current++] = "-P"; 
      options[current++] = "" + getWeightThreshold();
    }

    System.arraycopy(superOptions, 0, options, current, 
		     superOptions.length);
    return options;
  }
  
  /**
   * Returns the tip text for this property
   * @return tip text for this property suitable for
   * displaying in the explorer/experimenter gui
   */
  public String weightThresholdTipText() {
    return "Weight threshold for weight pruning.";
  }

  /**
   * Set weight threshold
   *
   * @param thresholding the percentage of weight mass used for training
   */
  public void setWeightThreshold(int threshold) {

    m_WeightThreshold = threshold;
  }

  /**
   * Get the degree of weight thresholding
   *
   * @return the percentage of weight mass used for training
   */
  public int getWeightThreshold() {

    return m_WeightThreshold;
  }
  
  /**
   * Returns the tip text for this property
   * @return tip text for this property suitable for
   * displaying in the explorer/experimenter gui
   */
  public String useResamplingTipText() {
    return "Whether resampling is used instead of reweighting.";
  }

  /**
   * Set resampling mode
   *
   * @param resampling true if resampling should be done
   */
  public void setUseResampling(boolean r) {

    m_UseResampling = r;
  }

  /**
   * Get whether resampling is turned on
   *
   * @return true if resampling output is on
   */
  public boolean getUseResampling() {

    return m_UseResampling;
  }

  /**