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Subject: Linux Tutorial - Linux Network Administration
Date: Wed, 4 Apr 2007 11:32:56 +0800
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=EF=BB=BF<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Linux Tutorial - Linux Network Administration</TITLE>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3DUTF-8"><LINK=20
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/yolinux.css" type=3Dtext/css=20
rel=3DSTYLESHEET>
<META=20
content=3D"ifconfig,route configuration,Linux NIC =
install,networking,TCP/IP and =
Linux,examples,linux,howto,help,tutorial,Red Hat,Fedora,Ubuntu,Debian"=20
name=3DKEYWORDS>
<META=20
content=3D"Linux networking commands and examples. Network commands and =
examples,The YoLinux portal covers topics from desktop to servers and =
from developers to users"=20
name=3DDESCRIPTION>
<META content=3D"Greg Ippolito" name=3Dauthor>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2900.3059" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#cccccc>
<HR SIZE=3D5>

<TABLE width=3D"100%" callpadding=3D"4">
  <TBODY>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=3Dtop><A href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/"><IMG=20
      alt=3D"Yolinux.com Tutorial"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/images/YoLinux_Tutorial_logo.png"=
=20
      border=3Dnone></A> </TD>
    <TD vAlign=3Dtop>
      <H1>Linux Networking</H1>
      <P><!-- BEGIN CODE -->
      <DIV align=3Dright>
      <SCRIPT type=3Dtext/javascript><!--=0A=
google_ad_client =3D "pub-8567479315106986";=0A=
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      type=3Dtext/javascript>=0A=
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      </DIV><!-- END CODE -->
      <P>This tutorial covers TCP/IP networking and system configuration =
basics.=20
      Linux can support multiple network devices. The device names are =
numbered=20
      and begin at zero and count upwards. For example, a computer =
running two=20
      ethernet cards will have two devices labeled <TT>/dev/eth0</TT> =
and=20
      <TT>/dev/eth1</TT>. </P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P>
<DL>
  <DD>
  <TABLE width=3D"100%">
    <TBODY>
    <TR>
      <TD vAlign=3Dtop width=3D"60%"><B><BIG>Contents:</BIG></B> <SMALL>
        <UL>
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#CON=
FIGFILES">Configuration=20
          files</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#GUI=
">Red=20
          Hat Linux network GUI configuration tools.</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#ASS=
IGNIP">Assigning=20
          an IP address</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#STA=
RTSTOP">Activating=20
          and De-Activating your NIC</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#SUB=
NETS">Subnets</A>=20

          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#FOR=
WARDING">Enable=20
          Forwarding</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#ADD=
NIC">Adding=20
          a network interface card (NIC)</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#ROU=
TE">Route</A>=20

          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#VPN=
">VPN,=20
          Tunneling</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#COM=
MANDS">Usefull=20
          Linux networking commands</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#INE=
T">inetd/xinetd:=20
          Network Socket Listener Daemons</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#RPC=
">RPC:=20
          Remote Procedure Call. (portmapper)</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#PAM=
">PAM:=20
          Network Wrappers.</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#ICM=
P">ICMP=20
          protocol.</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#MON=
ITORINGTOOLS">Network=20
          Monitoring Tools</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#HAC=
KERDETECTION">IDS:=20
          Intruder Detection System - SNORT</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#ARP=
">ARP:=20
          Address Resolution Protocol</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#MUL=
TICAST">Configuring=20
          Linux For Network Multicast</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#MSW=
INDOWS">Living=20
          in a MS/Windows world</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#DEF=
INITIONS">Network=20
          Definitions</A>=20
          <LI># <A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#LIN=
KS">Related=20
          Links</A> </LI></UL></SMALL>
        <P></P></TD>
      <TD vAlign=3Dtop><B><BIG>Other YoLinux Networking =
Tutorials:</BIG></B>=20
        <UL>
          <LI><A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialIptablesNetworkGate=
way.html">Setting=20
          up an internet gateway for home or office using iptables</A>=20
          <LI><A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSiteConfig.html#=
VIRTUALSERVER">Load=20
          balancing servers using LVS (Linux Virtual Server)</A>=20
          <LI>Modem dial-up:=20
          <UL>
            <LI><A=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialPPP.html">Configuri=
ng=20
            PPP dial up connections to an ISP</A>=20
            <LI><A=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialPPP-compuserve.html=
">Dialing=20
            Compuserve</A>=20
            <LI><A=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialAOL.html">Dialing=20
            AOL</A>=20
            <LI><A=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialPPP-Dial-in.html">C=
onfiguring=20
            PPP dial-in connections</A> </LI></UL>
          <LI><A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSiteConfig.html#=
DNS">DNS=20
          Name server configuration</A>=20
          <LI><A =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/DHCP-Server.html">DHCP=20
          server configuration: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</A>=20
          <LI><A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialInternetSecurity.ht=
ml">Internet/Network=20
          Security</A>=20
          <LI><A=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxSecurityTools.html">Securit=
y=20
          Tools and Hacker Tools</A>=20
          <LI><A =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/index.html">YoLinux=20
          Tutorials Index</A> </LI></UL>
        <P>&nbsp;&nbsp; </P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DD></DL>
<P>
<HR SIZE=3D5>

<TABLE cellSpacing=3D1 cellPadding=3D4 width=3D"100%" bgColor=3D#000000 =
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      <P>
      <HR>

      <P><A href=3D"http://yolinux.tradepub.com/">Free Information =
Technology=20
      Magazine Subscriptions and Document Downloads</A>=20
      <P>
      <HR>

      <P></P></TD>
    <TD><A name=3DCONFIGFILES></A>
      <TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D2 width=3D"100%" border=3D0>
        <TBODY>
        <TR bgColor=3D#ffcc33>
          <TD><B><BIG>TCP/IP Network Configuration=20
        Files:</BIG></B></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
      <UL>
        <LI>File: <TT>/etc/<A=20
        =
href=3D"http://node1.yo-linux.com/cgi-bin/man2html?cgi_command=3Dresolv.c=
onf">resolv.conf</A></TT>=20
        <B>- host name resolver configuration file</B> <BR>
        <DL>
          <DD>
          <TABLE cellSpacing=3D1 cellPadding=3D4 width=3D"100%" =
bgColor=3D#000000=20
          border=3D1>
            <TBODY>
            <TR bgColor=3D#c0c0c0>
              <TD><PRE>search <I>name-of-domain.com</I>  - <B><I>Name of =
your domain or ISP's domain if using their name server</I></B>
nameserver <I>XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX</I> - <B><I>IP address of primary name =
server</I></B>
nameserver <I>XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX</I> - <B><I>IP address of secondary name =
server</I></B>
    </PRE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DD></DL>This configures Linux so=20
        that it knows which DNS server will be resolving domain names =
into IP=20
        addresses. If using DHCP client, this will automatically be sent =
to you=20
        by the ISP and loaded into this file as part of the DHCP =
protocol. If=20
        using a static IP address, ask the ISP or check another machine =
on your=20
        network. <BR>Red Hat/Fedora GUI:=20
        <TT>/usr/sbin/system-config-network</TT> (select tab "DNS".=20
        <P></P>
        <LI>File: <TT>/etc/hosts</TT> <B>- locally resolve node names to =
IP=20
        addresses</B>=20
        <DL>
          <DD>
          <TABLE cellSpacing=3D1 cellPadding=3D4 width=3D"100%" =
bgColor=3D#000000=20
          border=3D1>
            <TBODY>
            <TR bgColor=3D#c0c0c0>
              <TD><PRE>127.0.0.1         =
<I>your-node-name.your-domain.com</I>  localhost.localdomain  localhost=20
<I>XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX</I>   <I>node-name</I>
    </PRE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DD></DL>Note when adding hosts to=20
        this file, place the fully qualified name first. (It helps =
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