📄 c++ stl tutorial.mht
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Subject: C++ STL Tutorial
Date: Wed, 4 Apr 2007 11:01:27 +0800
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a doubly linked list using STL. YoLinux: Linux Information Portal =
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<TD vAlign=3Dtop>
<H1>C++ STL (Standard Template Library) Examples and=20
Tutorial</H1></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=3D"70%">The Standard Template Libraries (STL's) are a set =
of C++=20
template classes to provide common programming data structures and =
functions such as doubly linked lists (list), paired arrays (map), =
expandable arrays (vector), large string storage and manipulation =
(rope),=20
etc. The STL library is available from the <A=20
href=3D"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/">STL home page</A>. This is =
also your=20
best detailed reference for all of the STL class functions =
available.=20
<P>STL can be categorized into the following groupings:=20
<UL>
<LI>Container classes:=20
<UL>
<LI>Sequences:=20
<UL>
<LI><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++STL.html#VECTOR"=
><B>vector</B></A>:=20
(this tutorial) Dynamic array of variables, struct or =
objects.=20
Insert data at the end.=20
<LI><B>deque</B>: Array which supports insertion/removal of =
elements=20
at beginning or end of array=20
<LI><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++STL.html#LIST"><=
B>list</B></A>:=20
(this tutorial) Linked list of variables, struct or objects. =
Insert/remove anywhere. </LI></UL>
<LI>Associative Containers:=20
<UL>
<LI><B>set</B> (duplicate data not allowed in set), multiset =
(duplication allowed): Collection of ordered data in a =
balanced=20
binary tree structure. Fast search.=20
<LI><B>map</B> (unique keys), multimap (duplicate keys =
allowed):=20
Associative key-value pair held in balanced binary tree =
structure.=20
</LI></UL>
<LI>Container adapters:=20
<UL>
<LI><B>stack</B> LIFO=20
<LI><B>queue</B> FIFO=20
<LI><B>priority_queue</B> returns element with highest =
priority.=20
</LI></UL>
<LI>String:=20
<UL>
<LI><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++StringClass.html=
"><B>string</B></A>:=20
Character strings and manipulation=20
<LI><B>rope</B>: String storage and manipulation </LI></UL>
<LI><B>bitset</B>: Contains a more intuitive method of storing =
and=20
manipulating bits. </LI></UL>
<LI>Operations/Utilities:=20
<UL>
<LI><B>iterator</B>: (examples in this tutorial) STL class to=20
represent position in an STL container. An iterator is =
declared to be=20
associated with a single container class type.=20
<LI><B>algorithm</B>: Routines to find, count, sort, search, =
...=20
elements in container classes=20
<LI><B>auto_ptr</B>: Class to manage memory pointers and avoid =
memory=20
leaks. </LI></UL></LI></UL></TD></TR>
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<TD vAlign=3Dtop width=3D160 bgColor=3D#c0c0c0><B>Contents:</B>=20
<UL>
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++STL.html#VECTOR"=
>STL=20
vector</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++STL.html#LIST">S=
TL=20
list</A> </LI></UL>
<P>
<HR>
<P><FONT size=3D-1><B>Related YoLinux Tutorials:</B>=20
<P>=C2=B0<A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++StringClass.html=
">C++=20
STL string class</A>=20
<P>=C2=B0<A =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++.html">C++=20
Info, links</A>=20
<P>=C2=B0<A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/C++MemoryCorruptionAndMemoryLeak=
s.html">C++=20
Memory corruption, leaks</A>=20
<P>=C2=B0<A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialSoftwareDevelopment=
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development tools</A>=20
<P>=C2=B0<A=20
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">C++=20
Coding Style</A>=20
<P>=C2=B0<A=20
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and=20
C/C++</A>=20
<P>=C2=B0<A=20
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Visual=20
C++ tips and best practices</A>=20
<P>=C2=B0<A =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/index.html">YoLinux=20
Tutorials Index</A> </FONT>
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<TD><B><BIG>STL vector:</BIG></B></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P><B>vector</B>: Dynamic array of variables, struct or objects. =
Insert=20
data at the end.=20
<P>Simple example of storing STL strings in a vector. This example =
shows=20
three methods of accessing the data within the vector:=20
<DL>
<DD>
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<TD><PRE>#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
main()
{
vector<string> SS;
SS.push_back("The number is 10");
SS.push_back("The number is 20");
SS.push_back("The number is 30");
cout << "<B>Loop by index</B>:" << endl;
int ii;
for(ii=3D0; ii < SS.size(); ii++)
{
cout << SS[ii] << endl;
}
cout << endl << "<B>Constant Iterator</B>:" << =
endl;
vector<string>::const_iterator cii;
for(cii=3DSS.begin(); cii!=3DSS.end(); cii++)
{
cout << *cii << endl;
}
cout << endl << "<B>Reverse Iterator</B>:" << endl;
vector<string>::reverse_iterator rii;
for(rii=3DSS.rbegin(); rii!=3DSS.rend(); ++rii)
{
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