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Subject: VI and VIM editor: advanced features
Date: Wed, 4 Apr 2007 10:58:48 +0800
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>VI and VIM editor: advanced features</TITLE>
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          <TD width=3D"70%">
            <H1>Linux vi and vim editor: advanced features =
</H1></TD></TR>
        <TR>
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<P>This "<B>vi</B>" tutorial is intended for those who wish to master =
and=20
advance their skills beyond the basic features of the basic editor. It =
covers=20
buffers, "<B>vi</B>" command line instructions, interfacing with UNIX =
commands,=20
and ctags. The <B>vim</B> editor is an enhanced version of <B>vi</B>. =
The=20
improvements are clearly noticed in the handling of tags.=20
<P>The advantage of learning <B>vi</B> and learning it well is that one =
will=20
find <B>vi</B> on all Unix based systems and it does not consume an =
inordinate=20
amount of system resources. Vi works great over slow network ppp modem=20
connections and on systems of limited resources. One can completely =
utilize vi=20
without departing a single finger from the keyboard. (No hand to mouse =
and=20
return to keyboard latency)=20
<P>NOTE: Microsoft PC Notepad users who do not wish to use "<B>vi</B>" =
should=20
use "<TT>gedit</TT>" (GNOME edit) or "<TT>gnp</TT>" (GNOME Note Pad) on =
Linux.=20
This is very similar in operation to the Microsoft Windows editor, =
"Notepad".=20
(Other Unix systems GUI editors: "dtpad", which can be found in=20
<TT>/usr/dt/bin/dtpad</TT> for AIX, vuepad on HP/UX, or xedit on all =
Unix=20
systems.)=20
<P>
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      <P><FONT size=3D-1><B>Related YoLinux Tutorials:</B>=20
      <P>=C2=B0<A=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialSoftwareDevelopment=
.html">Software=20
      development tools</A>=20
      <P>=C2=B0<A=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialAdvanced_vi.html">A=
dvanced=20
      VI</A>=20
      <P>=C2=B0<A=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialXemacs.html">Emacs =
and=20
      C/C++</A>=20
      <P>=C2=B0<A =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++.html">C++=20
      Info, links</A>=20
      <P>=C2=B0<A=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/MicrosoftVisualC++Tips.html">MS/=
Visual=20
      C++ Practices</A>=20
      <P>=C2=B0<A=20
      =
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s.html">C++=20
      Memory corruption and leaks</A>=20
      <P>=C2=B0<A=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++StringClass.html=
">C++=20
      String Class</A>=20
      <P>=C2=B0<A=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++STL.html">C++ =
STL=20
      vector, list</A>=20
      <P>=C2=B0<A=20
      =
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Posix=20
      Threads</A>=20
      <P>=C2=B0<A =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/ForkExecProcesses.html">Fork=20
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      <P>=C2=B0<A =
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      Threads</A>=20
      <P>=C2=B0<A=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/ClearcaseCommands.html">Clearcas=
e=20
      Commands</A>=20
      <P>=C2=B0<A=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/index.html#PROGRAMMING">YoLinux =

      Tutorials Index</A> </FONT>
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      <TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D2 width=3D"100%" border=3D0>
        <TBODY>
        <TR bgColor=3D#ffcc33>
          <TD><B><BIG>Basic "vi" =
features</BIG></B></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
      <P>One edits a file in <TT>vi</TT> by issuing the command: <TT>vi=20
      file-to-edit.txt</TT>=20
      <P>The vi editor has three modes, command mode, insert mode and =
command=20
      line mode.=20
      <OL>
        <LI><B>Command mode:</B> letters or sequence of letters =
interactively=20
        command vi. Commands are case sensitive. The ESC key can end a =
command.=20
        <LI><B>Insert mode:</B> Text is inserted. The ESC key ends =
insert mode=20
        and returns you to command mode. One can enter insert mode with =
the "i"=20
        (insert), "a" (insert after), "A" (insert at end of line), "o" =
(open new=20
        line after current line) or "O" (Open line above current line) =
commands.=20

        <LI><B>Command line mode:</B> One enters this mode by typing ":" =
which=20
        puts the command line entry at the foot of the screen. =
</LI></OL>
      <P>Partial list of interactive commands:=20
      <DL>
        <DD><B>Cursor movement:</B>=20
        <DL>
          <DD>
          <TABLE cellPadding=3D2 border=3D1>
            <TBODY>
            <TR bgColor=3D#c0c0c0>
              <TH>Keystrokes</TH>
              <TH>Action</TH></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>h/j/k/l </TD>
              <TD>Move cursor left/down/up/right</TD></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>-/+ </TD>
              <TD>Move cursor down/up in first column</TD></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>ctrl-d</TD>
              <TD>Scroll down one half of a page</TD></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>ctrl-u</TD>
              <TD>Scroll up one half of a page</TD></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>ctrl-f</TD>
              <TD>Scroll forward one page</TD></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>ctrl-b</TD>
              <TD>Scroll back one page</TD></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>M (shift-h)</TD>
              <TD>Move cursor to middle of page</TD></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>H</TD>
              <TD>Move cursor to top of page</TD></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>L</TD>
              <TD>Move cursor to bottom of page</TD></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>w<BR>5w </TD>
              <TD>Move cursor a word at a time<BR>Move cursor ahead 5 =
words=20
            </TD></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>b<BR>B<BR>5b </TD>
              <TD vAlign=3Dtop>Move cursor back a word at a time<BR>Move =
cursor=20
                back a word at a time<BR>Move cursor back 5 words =
</TD></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>e<BR>5e </TD>
              <TD>Move cursor to end of word<BR>Move cursor ahead to the =
end=20
                of the 5th word </TD></TR>
            <TR>
              <TD>0 (zero) </TD>
              <TD>Move cursor to beginning of line </TD></TR>
            <TR>
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