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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html lang="en"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Character entity references in HTML 4</title><link rel="previous" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/sgml/framesetdtd.html"><link rel="next" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/appendix/changes.html"><link rel="contents" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/cover.html#toc"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="entities.html_files/W3C-REC.css"><link rel="STYLESHEET" href="entities.html_files/default.css" type="text/css"></head><body><div class="navbar" align="center">&nbsp;<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/sgml/framesetdtd.html">previous</a> &nbsp; <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/appendix/changes.html">next</a> &nbsp; <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/cover.html#minitoc">contents</a> &nbsp; <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/index/elements.html">elements</a> &nbsp; <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/index/attributes.html">attributes</a> &nbsp; <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/index/list.html">index</a> <hr></div><h1 align="center"><a name="h-24">24</a> <a name="entities">Character entityreferences in HTML 4</a></h1><div class="subtoc"><p><strong>Contents</strong></p><ol><li><a class="tocxref" href="#h-24.1">Introduction to character entityreferences</a></li><li><a class="tocxref" href="#h-24.2">Character entity references for ISO8859-1 characters</a> <ol><li><a class="tocxref" href="#h-24.2.1">The list of characters</a></li></ol></li><li><a class="tocxref" href="#h-24.3">Character entity references for symbols,mathematical symbols, and Greek letters</a> <ol><li><a class="tocxref" href="#h-24.3.1">The list of characters</a></li></ol></li><li><a class="tocxref" href="#h-24.4">Character entity references formarkup-significant and internationalization characters</a> <ol><li><a class="tocxref" href="#h-24.4.1">The list of characters</a></li></ol></li></ol></div><h2><a name="h-24.1">24.1</a> Introduction to character entity references</h2>A <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/charset.html#entities">character entity reference</a> is an SGMLconstruct that references a character of the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/charset.html">documentcharacter set.</a> <p>This version of HTML supports several sets of character entityreferences:</p><ul><li><a href="#iso-88591">ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) characters</a> In accordance withsection 14 of <a rel="biblioentry" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/references.html#ref-RFC1866" class="informref">[RFC1866]</a>, the set of Latin-1 entities has been extended bythis specification to cover the whole right part of ISO-8859-1 (all codepositions with the high-order bit set), including the already commonly used&amp;nbsp;, &amp;copy; and &amp;reg;. The names of the entities are taken fromthe appendices of SGML (defined in <a rel="biblioentry" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/references.html#ref-ISO8879" class="normref">[ISO8879]</a>).</li><li><a href="#sym">symbols, mathematical symbols, and Greek letters</a>. Thesecharacters may be represented by glyphs in the Adobe font "Symbol".</li><li><a href="#misc">markup-significant and internationalization characters</a>(e.g., for bidirectional text).</li></ul><p>The following sections present the complete lists of character entityreferences. Although, by convention, <a rel="biblioentry" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/references.html#ref-ISO10646" class="normref">[ISO10646]</a> the commentsfollowing each entry are usually written with uppercase letters, we haveconverted them to lowercase in this specification for reasons ofreadability.</p><h2><a name="h-24.2">24.2</a> <a name="iso-88591">Character entity referencesfor ISO 8859-1 characters</a></h2><p>The character entity references in this section produce characters whosenumeric equivalents should already be supported by conforming HTML 2.0 useragents. Thus, the character entity reference &amp;divide; is a more convenientform than &amp;#247; for obtaining the division sign (
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