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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Basic Operations</TITLE></HEAD><BODY bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <a href="../index.html" target="_top"><img src="../icons/usins.gif" alt="Logo" align=right></a><b>Data Structures and Algorithms with Object-Oriented Design Patterns in Python</b><br><A NAME="tex2html5770" HREF="page399.html"><IMG WIDTH=37 HEIGHT=24 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="next" SRC="../icons/next_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME="tex2html5768" HREF="page397.html"><IMG WIDTH=26 HEIGHT=24 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="up" SRC="../icons/up_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME="tex2html5762" HREF="page397.html"><IMG WIDTH=63 HEIGHT=24 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="previous" SRC="../icons/previous_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME="tex2html5772" HREF="page611.html"><IMG WIDTH=43 HEIGHT=24 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="index" SRC="../icons/index_motif.gif"></A> <BR><HR><H3><A NAME="SECTION0012311000000000000000">Basic Operations</A></H3><P>Program <A HREF="page398.html#progmultisetAsArrayb"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="gif" SRC="../icons/cross_ref_motif.gif"></A> defines the three basic operations<tt>insert</tt>, <tt>__contains__</tt> and <tt>withdraw</tt>for the <tt>MultisetAsArray</tt> class.<P><P><A NAME="28241"> </A><A NAME="progmultisetAsArrayb"> </A> <IMG WIDTH=575 HEIGHT=275 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="program27968" SRC="img1586.gif" ><BR><STRONG>Program:</STRONG> <tt>MultisetAsArray</tt> class <tt>insert</tt>, <tt>__contains__</tt> and <tt>withdraw</tt> methods.<BR><P><P>To insert an item, we simply increase the appropriate counter;to delete an item, we decrease the counter;and to test whether an item is in the set,we test whether the corresponding counter is greater than zero.In all cases the operation can be done in constant time.<P><HR><A NAME="tex2html5770" HREF="page399.html"><IMG WIDTH=37 HEIGHT=24 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="next" SRC="../icons/next_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME="tex2html5768" HREF="page397.html"><IMG WIDTH=26 HEIGHT=24 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="up" SRC="../icons/up_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME="tex2html5762" HREF="page397.html"><IMG WIDTH=63 HEIGHT=24 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="previous" SRC="../icons/previous_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME="tex2html5772" HREF="page611.html"><IMG WIDTH=43 HEIGHT=24 ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="index" SRC="../icons/index_motif.gif"></A> <P><ADDRESS><img src="../icons/bruno.gif" alt="Bruno" align=right><a href="../copyright.html">Copyright © 2003</a> by <a href="../signature.html">Bruno R. Preiss, P.Eng.</a> All rights reserved.</ADDRESS></BODY></HTML>
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