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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en"><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><link rev="made" href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org" /><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/graphics/gnu-head-mini.png" /><title>GNU Free Documentation License - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/gnu-new.css" title="GNU" /><link rel="stylesheet alternate" href="/gnu-pink.css" title="A pink banner" /><link rel="stylesheet alternate" href="/gnu-high.css" title="Experimental High Contrast" /><link rel="stylesheet alternate" href="/gnu-blue.css" title="Experimental Blue/White Contrast" /><style type="text/css" media="print">@import url('/gnu-print.css');</style></head><body id="foo"> <div id="wrapper"> <p class="netscape4"><a href="#content" accesskey="2">Skip to content</a> | <a href="#amspita">Skip to navigation</a></p> <div id="top2"> <div id="banner"> <h1>GNU's Not Unix! - Free Software, Free Society</h1> <div id="gnulogo"><a href="/" accesskey="1" title="Go to the GNU project homepage"><img src="/graphics/gnu-head-banner.png" alt="" /></a></div> <div id="dbdlogo"><a href="http://badvista.fsf.org/" title="Bad Vista"><img src="/graphics/badvista-trash.png" alt="" /></a></div> <ul id="links"> <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/philosophy/free-sw.html">What is Free Software?</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/join" title="Become an associate member today!">Join the Free Software Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/register_form" title="Register to receive regular postal and electronic updates">Get FSF alerts</a></li> </ul> </div> <h5 class="netscape4" id="amspita">Site Navigation</h5> <div id="navigation-bar"> <div id="navbar"> <ul> <li><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/software/">Software</a></li> <li><a href="/philosophy/">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/licenses/">Licenses</a></li> <li><a href="/doc/">Documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/help/">Help GNU</a></li> <li><a href="/contact/">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="http://gplv3.fsf.org/">GPLv3</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="columns"> <!-- beginning of sidebar.html --><div id="sidebar" class="boxbox"> <h3 class="netscape4">Navigation</h3> <h3>Key resources</h3> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/campaigns/priority.html" style="font-weight: bold;" title="Help or suggest a priority project for the Free Software community">Help a priority project</a></li> <li><a href="http://gplv3.fsf.org/" style="font-weight: bold;" title="Help revise the GNU GPL and others">Help revise GNU licenses</a></li> <li><a href="/links/links.html#FreeGNULinuxDistributions" style="font-weight: bold;" title="Free GNU/Linux distributions">Free GNU/Linux distributions</a></li> <li><a href="http://directory.fsf.org/" title="Browse our directory of free software projects">Free Software Directory</a></li> <li><a href="/software/" title="List of GNU software packages">GNU software packages</a></li> </ul> <h3>Stay up to date</h3> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/register_form">Get email alerts from the FSF</a></li> <li><a href="/keepingup.html" title="Keep up to date with the latest news from the GNU project">Keeping Up</a></li> <li><a href="http://lists.gnu.org" title="Discuss with other free software users and developers">GNU Mailing Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/people/speakers.html">GNU Speakers</a></li> <li><a href="/gnu/gnu-user-groups.html" title="Meet people in your area who use and develop free software">GNU User Groups</a></li> <li><a href="/press/press.html">Press Information</a></li> </ul> <h3>For developers</h3> <ul> <li><a href="http://savannah.gnu.org/" title="Get involved in one of our free software projects">Development projects</a></li> <li><a href="/software/devel.html" title="Are you a developer? Get access to developer resources">Developer resources</a></li> </ul> <div id="supportfsf"> <h3>Support the FSF</h3> <div style="margin: 1.5em; padding: 0.5em; text-align: center; background-color: white; -moz-border-radius: 1em;"> <p><a href="http://www.fsf.org/associate/support_freedom/join_fsf"><img src="http://www.fsf.org/graphics/joinfsf" alt="" /></a></p> <p><a href="http://www.fsf.org/associate/support_freedom/join_fsf"><strong>Join the FSF today!</strong></a></p> <p><a href="http://www.fsf.org/associate/support_freedom/donate"><img src="http://www.fsf.org/graphics/donatefsf" alt="" /></a></p> <p><a href="http://www.fsf.org/associate/support_freedom/donate">Donate to the FSF today!</a></p> </div> <ul> <li><a href="http://order.fsf.org/">Buy manuals and gear</a></li> <li><a href="http://patron.fsf.org/">Corporate Patronage</a></li> <li><a href="/thankgnus/thankgnus.html">Thank GNUs</a></li> </ul></div> <h3>For fun</h3> <ul> <li><a href="/graphics/graphics.html">GNU Graphics and Art</a></li> <li><a href="/fun/humor.html">Laugh along with GNU</a></li> </ul> <h3>Other resources</h3> <ul> <li><a href="/links/links.html">Free Software Links</a></li> <li><a href="/jobs">Free Software Jobs</a></li> </ul></div><!-- end of sidebar.html --><div id="content"><div> <!-- Please keep this list alphabetical --> <!-- tower, fdl.ja.html is Japanese translation of THIS PAGE, --> <!-- NOT translation of GFDL itself(fdl.ja.html contains the original --> <!-- English version). So please do not remove the following. --> <!-- Thanks -mhatta --> <!-- BTW, Japanese translation of GFDL is in fdl.ja.txt --> [ <a href="/licenses/fdl.html">English</a> | <a href="/licenses/fdl.ja.html">Japanese</a> <!-- | <a href="/licenses/fdl.pt.html">Portuguese</a> --> ] <!-- It is best to not enumerate the translations here in a menu bar, --> <!-- It is best to have the users follow this link, so they have the FSF' --> <!-- explanation about translations being unofficial, etc. --></div><h2>GNU Free Documentation License</h2><h3>Related Pages</h3><ul> <li><a href="/licenses/gpl-violation.html"><em>What to do if you see a possible GFDL violation</em></a></li> <li><a href="/licenses/translations.html"><em>Translations of the GFDL</em></a></li> <li>The GNU Free Documentation License <a href="/licenses/fdl.txt">in plain text format</a></li> <li>The GNU Free Documentation License <a href="/licenses/fdl.texi">in Texinfo format</a></li> <li>The GNU Free Documentation License <a href="/licenses/fdl.xml">in DocBook/XML format</a></li> <li>The GNU Free Documentation License <a href="/licenses/fdl.tex">in LaTeX format</a></li> <li><a href="/licenses/why-gfdl.html">Why publishers should use the GNU Free Documentation License</a></li> <li><a href="/licenses/fdl-howto.html">Tips on how to use the FDL</a></li> <li><ul> <li><a href="/licenses/fdl-howto-opt.html">How to Use the Optional Features of the GFDL</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="/licenses/old-licenses/old-licenses.html#FDL">Old versions of the GNU Free Documentation License</a></li> <li><a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Free Software and Free Manuals</a></li></ul><p> diff files outlining the differences between versions 1.1 and 1.2 of the GNU Free Documentation License are available:</p><ul> <li><a href="/licenses/fdl-1.2-diff.txt">Plain context diff</a></li> <li><a href="/licenses/fdl-1.2-wdiff.txt">Word diff</a></li> <li><a href="/licenses/fdl-1.2-pdiff.ps">Word diff in PostScript format</a></li></ul><hr /><h3>Table of Contents</h3><ul> <li><a name="TOC1" href="#SEC1">Current version of the GNU Free Documentation License</a></li> <li><a name="TOC4" href="#SEC4">How to use this License for your documents</a></li></ul><hr /><h3><a name="SEC1" href="#TOC1">GNU Free Documentation License</a></h3><p> Version 1.2, November 2002</p><pre> Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.</pre><p> <strong>0. PREAMBLE</strong></p><p> The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others.</p><p> This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.</p><p> We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.</p><p> <strong>1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</strong></p><p> This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a⌨️ 快捷键说明
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