gneuralnet.cpp

来自「一个由Mike Gashler完成的机器学习方面的includes neural」· C++ 代码 · 共 996 行 · 第 1/2 页

				for(i = 0; i < nValueCount; i++)
					pInternal[nInternalIndex + i] = OUTPUT_MIN;
				if(pExternal[nExternalIndex] != -1) // -1 = unknown value
				{
					GAssert((int)pExternal[nExternalIndex] >= 0 && (int)pExternal[nExternalIndex] < nValueCount, "out of range");
					pInternal[nInternalIndex + (int)pExternal[nExternalIndex]] = OUTPUT_MIN + OUTPUT_RANGE;
				}
				nInternalIndex += nValueCount;
			}
		}
	}
	GAssert(nInternalIndex == m_pInternalRelation->GetAttributeCount(), "error");
}

void GNeuralNet::OutputsToExternal(double* pInternal, double* pExternal)
{
	GAssert(m_pMinAndRanges, "min and ranges not calculated yet");
	GArffAttribute* pAttr;
	int nValueCount;
	int nOutputCount = m_pRelation->GetOutputCount();
	int nInternalIndex = m_pInternalRelation->GetOutputIndex(0);
	int n, nExternalIndex;
	for(n = 0; n < nOutputCount; n++)
	{
		nExternalIndex = m_pRelation->GetOutputIndex(n);
		pAttr = m_pRelation->GetAttribute(nExternalIndex);
		if(pAttr->IsContinuous())
			pExternal[nExternalIndex] = GArffData::Normalize(pInternal[nInternalIndex++], OUTPUT_MIN, OUTPUT_RANGE, m_pMinAndRanges[nExternalIndex + nExternalIndex], m_pMinAndRanges[nExternalIndex + nExternalIndex + 1]);
		else
		{
			nValueCount = pAttr->GetValueCount();
			if(nValueCount <= 2)
				pExternal[nExternalIndex] = (pInternal[nInternalIndex++] >= OUTPUT_MIDDLE ? 1 : 0);
			else
			{
				pExternal[nExternalIndex] = GVector::FindMax(&pInternal[nInternalIndex], nValueCount);
				nInternalIndex += nValueCount;
			}
		}
	}
	GAssert(nInternalIndex == m_pInternalRelation->GetAttributeCount(), "error");
}

void GNeuralNet::AddLayer(int nNodes)
{
	GAssert(m_nInputStart == 0, "already made the input layer");
	int nPrevLayerStart = m_nLayerStart;
	int nPrevLayerSize = m_nLayerSize;
	m_nLayerStart = m_pNeurons->GetSize();
	m_nLayerSize = nNodes;
	int n, i;
	for(n = 0; n < nNodes; n++)
	{
		GStandardNeuron* pNewNeuron = new GStandardNeuron();
		m_pNeurons->AddPointer(pNewNeuron);
		for(i = 0; i < nPrevLayerSize; i++)
		{
			GNeuron* pOldNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(nPrevLayerStart + i);
			pOldNeuron->AddInput(pNewNeuron);
		}
	}
}

int GNeuralNet::GetWeightCount()
{
	if(m_nWeightCount == 0)
	{
		int n;
		int nCount = m_pNeurons->GetSize();
		GNeuron* pNeuron;
		for(n = 0; n < nCount; n++)
		{
			pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(n);
			m_nWeightCount += pNeuron->SerializeWeights(NULL);
		}
	}
	return m_nWeightCount;
}

void GNeuralNet::GetWeights(double* pOutWeights)
{
	// Serialize the weights
	int nCount = m_pNeurons->GetSize();
	int nPos = 0;
	int n;
	GNeuron* pNeuron;
	for(n = 0; n < nCount; n++)
	{
		pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(n);
		nPos += pNeuron->SerializeWeights(&pOutWeights[nPos]);
	}
	GAssert(nPos == m_nWeightCount, "serialization size inconsistent");
}

void GNeuralNet::SetWeights(double* pWeights)
{
	int n;
	int nCount = m_pNeurons->GetSize();
	GNeuron* pNeuron;
	int nPos = 0;
	for(n = 0; n < nCount; n++)
	{
		pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(n);
		nPos += pNeuron->DeserializeWeights(&pWeights[nPos]);
	}
	GAssert(nPos == m_nWeightCount, "serialization size inconsistent");
}

void GNeuralNet::UpdateBestWeights()
{
	if(!m_pBestSet)
		m_pBestSet = new double[GetWeightCount()];
	GetWeights(m_pBestSet);
}

void GNeuralNet::RestoreBestWeights()
{
	SetWeights(m_pBestSet);
}

void GNeuralNet::EvalInternal(double* pRow)
{
	// Clear the outputs of all non-input neurons
	GNeuron* pNeuron;
	int n;
	for(n = 0; n < m_nInputStart; n++)
	{
		pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(n);
		pNeuron->SetOutput(1e50);
	}

	// Copy inputs into input neurons
	int nInputs = m_pInternalRelation->GetInputCount();
	int nCount = m_nInputStart + nInputs;
	GAssert(nCount == m_pNeurons->GetSize(), "neurons added after input neurons?");
	int nInput = 0;
	for( ; n < nCount; n++)
	{
		pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(n);
		pNeuron->SetOutput(pRow[nInput++]);
	}

	// Pull the evaluation downstream to the output nodes
	int nOutputs = m_pInternalRelation->GetOutputCount();
	for(n = 0; n < nOutputs; n++)
	{
		pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(n);
		pNeuron->PullEvalDownStream();
	}
}

void GNeuralNet::Eval(double* pRow)
{
	// Convert to internal data
	double* pInternalRow = (double*)alloca(sizeof(double) * m_pInternalRelation->GetAttributeCount());
	InputsToInternal(pRow, pInternalRow);

	// Do the evaluation
	EvalInternal(pInternalRow);

	// Extract the output values from the output nodes
	GNeuron* pNeuron;
	int n;
	int nOutputs = m_pInternalRelation->GetOutputCount();
	int nIndex = m_pInternalRelation->GetOutputIndex(0);
	for(n = 0; n < nOutputs; n++)
	{
		pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(n);
		pInternalRow[nIndex++] = pNeuron->GetOutput();
	}

	// Convert outputs to external data
	OutputsToExternal(pInternalRow, pRow);
}

double GNeuralNet::Criticize(double* pModel)
{
	// Calculate the error on all output nodes
	GNeuron* pNeuron = NULL;
	int n;
	double dOutput;
	double dSumSquaredError = 0;
	double dDelta;
	int nOutputs = m_pInternalRelation->GetOutputCount();
	int nIndex = m_pInternalRelation->GetOutputIndex(0);
	for(n = 0; n < nOutputs; n++)
	{
		pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(n);
		dOutput = pNeuron->GetOutput();
		dDelta = pModel[nIndex++] - dOutput;
		dSumSquaredError += (dDelta * dDelta);
		pNeuron->SetError(dDelta * dOutput * (1.0 - dOutput));
	}

	// Clear the error on the rest of the nodes
	for( ; n < m_nInputStart; n++)
	{
		pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(n);
		pNeuron->SetError(1e50);
	}

	// Backpropagate the error to all but the input layers
	for(n = m_nLayerStart; n < m_nInputStart; n++) // m_nLayerStart now points to the last non-input layer
	{
		pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(n);
		pNeuron->PullErrorBackUpStream();
	}

	return dSumSquaredError;
}

void GNeuralNet::MeasureMinAndRanges(GArffData* pTrainingData)
{
	delete(m_pMinAndRanges);
	int nAttrCount = m_pRelation->GetAttributeCount();
	m_pMinAndRanges = new double[2 * nAttrCount];
	GArffAttribute* pAttr;
	int n;
	for(n = 0; n < nAttrCount; n++)
	{
		pAttr = m_pRelation->GetAttribute(n);
		if(pAttr->IsContinuous())
		{
			pTrainingData->GetMinAndRange(n, &m_pMinAndRanges[2 * n], &m_pMinAndRanges[2 * n + 1]);
			if(m_pMinAndRanges[2 * n + 1] < .00001)
				m_pMinAndRanges[2 * n + 1] = .00001;
		}
		else
		{
			m_pMinAndRanges[2 * n] = 0;
			m_pMinAndRanges[2 * n + 1] = 0;
		}
	}
}

void GNeuralNet::ExternalToInternalData(GArffData* pExternal, GArffData* pInternal)
{
	double* pExternalRow;
	double* pInternalRow;
	int n;
	int nInternalAttributeCount = m_pInternalRelation->GetAttributeCount();
	int nRowCount = pExternal->GetSize();
	for(n = 0; n < nRowCount; n++)
	{
		pExternalRow = pExternal->GetVector(n);
		pInternalRow = new double[nInternalAttributeCount];
		InputsToInternal(pExternalRow, pInternalRow);
		OutputsToInternal(pExternalRow, pInternalRow);
		pInternal->AddVector(pInternalRow);
	}
}

double GNeuralNet::TrainValidate()
{
	int n, i, nIndex;
	GNeuron* pNeuron;
	double* pRow;
	double d;
	double dError = 0;
	int nCount = m_pValidationDataInternal->GetSize();
	int nOutputs = m_pInternalRelation->GetOutputCount();
	for(n = 0; n < nCount; n++)
	{
		pRow = m_pValidationDataInternal->GetVector(n);
		EvalInternal(pRow);
		nIndex = m_pInternalRelation->GetOutputIndex(0);
		for(i = 0; i < nOutputs; i++)
		{
			pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(i);
			d = pRow[nIndex++] - pNeuron->GetOutput();
			d *= d;
			dError += d;
		}
	}
	dError /= (nCount * nOutputs);
	return dError;
}

void GNeuralNet::PrintNeurons()
{
	printf("-----------------\n");
	GNeuron* pNeuron;
	int n;
	for(n = 0; n < m_nInputStart; n++)
	{
		pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(n);
		printf("Neuron %d\n", n);
		pNeuron->Print();
	}
	printf("-----------------\n");
}

void GNeuralNet::Train(GArffData* pData)
{
	int nTrainRows = (int)(m_dTrainingPortion * pData->GetSize());
	GArffData* pValidateData = pData->SplitBySize(nTrainRows);
	Train(pData, pValidateData);
}

int GNeuralNet::Train(GArffData* pTrainingData, GArffData* pValidationData)
{
	TrainInit(pTrainingData, pValidationData);

	// Do the epochs
	int nEpochs;
	double dBestError = 1e20;
	int nEpochsSinceValidationCheck = 0;
	int nBestEpoch = 0;
	for(nEpochs = 0; true; nEpochs++)
	{
		TrainEpoch();

		// Check for termination condition
		nEpochsSinceValidationCheck++;
		if(nEpochsSinceValidationCheck >= m_nEpochsPerValidationCheck)
		{
			nEpochsSinceValidationCheck = 0;
			double dMeanSquareError = TrainValidate();
//printf("Epoch: %d\tError=%lf\n", nEpochs, dBestError);
			if(dMeanSquareError < dBestError)
			{
				// Found a new best set of weights
				dBestError = dMeanSquareError;
				nBestEpoch = nEpochs;
				UpdateBestWeights();
				if(dMeanSquareError <= m_dAcceptableMeanSquareError)
					break;
			}
			else
			{
				// Test for termination condition
				if(nEpochs - nBestEpoch >= m_nRunEpochs)
					break;
			}
			if(nEpochs >= m_nMaximumEpochs)
				break;
		}
	}
	if(dBestError < 1e20)
		RestoreBestWeights();
	else
	{
		GAssert(false, "Total failure!");
	}
	ReleaseInternalData();
	return nEpochs;
}

void GNeuralNet::TrainInit(GArffData* pTrainingData, GArffData* pValidationData)
{
	GAssert(m_nRunEpochs <= m_nMaximumEpochs, "conflicting settings");

	// Add the input layer
	MakeInputLayer();

	// Make the internal data
	MeasureMinAndRanges(pTrainingData);
	ReleaseInternalData();
	m_pTrainingDataInternal = new GArffData(pTrainingData->GetSize());
	ExternalToInternalData(pTrainingData, m_pTrainingDataInternal);
	if(pTrainingData == pValidationData)
		m_pValidationDataInternal = m_pTrainingDataInternal;
	else
	{
		m_pValidationDataInternal = new GArffData(pValidationData->GetSize());
		ExternalToInternalData(pValidationData, m_pValidationDataInternal);
	}
}

void GNeuralNet::IncrementalInit(int nBatchSize, double dMin, double dRange)
{
	// Add the input layer
	MakeInputLayer();

	// Set the mins and ranges
	delete(m_pMinAndRanges);
	int nAttrCount = m_pRelation->GetAttributeCount();
	m_pMinAndRanges = new double[2 * nAttrCount];
	int n;
	for(n = 0; n < nAttrCount; n++)
	{
		m_pMinAndRanges[2 * n] = dMin;
		m_pMinAndRanges[2 * n + 1] = dRange;
	}

	// Make the batch data
	ReleaseInternalData();
	m_pTrainingDataInternal = new GArffData(nBatchSize);
}

void GNeuralNet::TrainEpoch()
{
	// Shuffle the data set
	m_pTrainingDataInternal->Shuffle();

	// Do a single epoch
	m_dSumSquaredError = 0;
	double* pRow;
	GNeuron* pNeuron;
	int n, i;
	int nRowCount = m_pTrainingDataInternal->GetSize();
	for(n = 0; n < nRowCount; n++)
	{
		// Compute output for this row and update the weights
		pRow = m_pTrainingDataInternal->GetVector(n);
		EvalInternal(pRow);

		// Backpropagate the error
		m_dSumSquaredError += Criticize(pRow);

		// Adjust the weights in a gradient descent manner
		for(i = 0; i < m_nInputStart; i++)
		{
			pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(i);
			pNeuron->AdjustWeights(m_dLearningRate, m_dMomentum);
		}
	}
	m_dLearningRate *= m_dLearningDecay;
	m_nEpochs++;
}

int GNeuralNet::TrainBatch(GArffData* pTrainingData, GArffData* pValidationData)
{
	TrainInit(pTrainingData, pValidationData);

	// Do the epochs
	double* pRow;
	GNeuron* pNeuron;
	int n, i, nEpochs;
	double dBestError = 1e20;
	int nRowCount = m_pTrainingDataInternal->GetSize();
	int nEpochsSinceValidationCheck = 0;
	int nBestEpoch = 0;
	for(nEpochs = 0; true; nEpochs++)
	{
		// Train with each of the training examples (one epoch)
		for(n = 0; n < nRowCount; n++)
		{
			// Compute output for this row and update the weights
			pRow = m_pTrainingDataInternal->GetVector(n);
			EvalInternal(pRow);

			// Backpropagate the error
			Criticize(pRow);

			// Adjust the weight delta in a gradient descent manner
			for(i = 0; i < m_nInputStart; i++)
			{
				pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(i);
				pNeuron->BatchUpdateDeltas(m_dLearningRate);
			}
		}

		// Adjust the weights by the sum weight delta
		for(i = 0; i < m_nInputStart; i++)
		{
			pNeuron = (GNeuron*)m_pNeurons->GetPointer(i);
			pNeuron->BatchUpdateWeights();
		}
		m_dLearningRate *= m_dLearningDecay;

		// Check for termination condition
		nEpochsSinceValidationCheck++;
		if(nEpochsSinceValidationCheck >= m_nEpochsPerValidationCheck)
		{
			nEpochsSinceValidationCheck = 0;
			double dMeanSquareError = TrainValidate();
//printf("Epoch: %d\tError=%lf\n", nEpochs, dBestError);
			if(dMeanSquareError < dBestError)
			{
				// Found a new best set of weights
				dBestError = dMeanSquareError;
				nBestEpoch = nEpochs;
				UpdateBestWeights();
				if(dMeanSquareError <= m_dAcceptableMeanSquareError)
					break;
			}
			else
			{
				// Test for termination condition
				if(nEpochs - nBestEpoch >= m_nRunEpochs)
					break;
			}
			if(nEpochs >= m_nMaximumEpochs)
				break;
		}
	}
	if(dBestError < 1e20)
		RestoreBestWeights();
	else
	{
		GAssert(false, "Total failure!");
	}
	ReleaseInternalData();
	return nEpochs;
}