etharp.c

RTL-lwIP is the porting of the lwIP TCP/IP stack to RTLinux-GPL.The focus of the RTL-lwIP stack is

/**
 * Updates the ARP table using the given IP packet.
 *
 * Uses the incoming IP packet's source address to update the
 * ARP cache for the local network. The function does not alter
 * or free the packet. This function must be called before the
 * packet p is passed to the IP layer.
 *
 * @param netif The lwIP network interface on which the IP packet pbuf arrived.
 * @param pbuf The IP packet that arrived on netif.
 *
 * @return NULL
 *
 * @see pbuf_free()
 */
void
etharp_ip_input(struct netif *netif, struct pbuf *p)
{
  struct ethip_hdr *hdr;

  /* Only insert an entry if the source IP address of the
     incoming IP packet comes from a host on the local network. */
  hdr = p->payload;
  /* source is on local network? */
  if (!ip_addr_maskcmp(&(hdr->ip.src), &(netif->ip_addr), &(netif->netmask))) {
    /* do nothing */
    return;
  }

  LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_ip_input: updating ETHARP table.\n"));
  /* update ARP table, ask to insert entry */
  update_arp_entry(netif, &(hdr->ip.src), &(hdr->eth.src), ETHARP_CREATE);
}


/**
 * Responds to ARP requests to us. Upon ARP replies to us, add entry to cache  
 * send out queued IP packets. Updates cache with snooped address pairs.
 *
 * Should be called for incoming ARP packets. The pbuf in the argument
 * is freed by this function.
 *
 * @param netif The lwIP network interface on which the ARP packet pbuf arrived.
 * @param pbuf The ARP packet that arrived on netif. Is freed by this function.
 * @param ethaddr Ethernet address of netif.
 *
 * @return NULL
 *
 * @see pbuf_free()
 */
void
etharp_arp_input(struct netif *netif, struct eth_addr *ethaddr, struct pbuf *p)
{
  struct etharp_hdr *hdr;
  /* these are aligned properly, whereas the ARP header fields might not be */
  struct ip_addr sipaddr, dipaddr;
  u8_t i;
  u8_t for_us;

  /* drop short ARP packets */
  if (p->tot_len < sizeof(struct etharp_hdr)) {
    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE | 1, ("etharp_arp_input: packet dropped, too short (%d/%d)\n", p->tot_len, sizeof(struct etharp_hdr)));
    pbuf_free(p);
    return;
  }

  hdr = p->payload;
 
  /* get aligned copies of addresses */
  *(struct ip_addr2 *)&sipaddr = hdr->sipaddr;
  *(struct ip_addr2 *)&dipaddr = hdr->dipaddr;

  /* this interface is not configured? */
  if (netif->ip_addr.addr == 0) {
    for_us = 0;
  } else {
    /* ARP packet directed to us? */
    for_us = ip_addr_cmp(&dipaddr, &(netif->ip_addr));
  }

  /* ARP message directed to us? */
  if (for_us) {
    /* add IP address in ARP cache; assume requester wants to talk to us.
     * can result in directly sending the queued packets for this host. */
    update_arp_entry(netif, &sipaddr, &(hdr->shwaddr), ETHARP_CREATE);
  /* ARP message not directed to us? */
  } else {
    /* update the source IP address in the cache, if present */
    update_arp_entry(netif, &sipaddr, &(hdr->shwaddr), 0);
  }

  /* now act on the message itself */
  switch (htons(hdr->opcode)) {
  /* ARP request? */
  case ARP_REQUEST:
    /* ARP request. If it asked for our address, we send out a
     * reply. In any case, we time-stamp any existing ARP entry,
     * and possiby send out an IP packet that was queued on it. */

    LWIP_DEBUGF (ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_arp_input: incoming ARP request\n"));
    /* ARP request for our address? */
    if (for_us) {

      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_arp_input: replying to ARP request for our IP address\n"));
      /* re-use pbuf to send ARP reply */
      hdr->opcode = htons(ARP_REPLY);

      hdr->dipaddr = hdr->sipaddr;
      hdr->sipaddr = *(struct ip_addr2 *)&netif->ip_addr;

      for(i = 0; i < netif->hwaddr_len; ++i) {
        hdr->dhwaddr.addr[i] = hdr->shwaddr.addr[i];
        hdr->shwaddr.addr[i] = ethaddr->addr[i];
        hdr->ethhdr.dest.addr[i] = hdr->dhwaddr.addr[i];
        hdr->ethhdr.src.addr[i] = ethaddr->addr[i];
      }

      hdr->hwtype = htons(HWTYPE_ETHERNET);
      ARPH_HWLEN_SET(hdr, netif->hwaddr_len);

      hdr->proto = htons(ETHTYPE_IP);
      ARPH_PROTOLEN_SET(hdr, sizeof(struct ip_addr));

      hdr->ethhdr.type = htons(ETHTYPE_ARP);
      /* return ARP reply */
      netif->linkoutput(netif, p);
    /* we are not configured? */
    } else if (netif->ip_addr.addr == 0) {
      /* { for_us == 0 and netif->ip_addr.addr == 0 } */
      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_arp_input: we are unconfigured, ARP request ignored.\n"));
    /* request was not directed to us */
    } else {
      /* { for_us == 0 and netif->ip_addr.addr != 0 } */
      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_arp_input: ARP request was not for us.\n"));
    }
    break;
  case ARP_REPLY:
    /* ARP reply. We already updated the ARP cache earlier. */
    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_arp_input: incoming ARP reply\n"));
#if (LWIP_DHCP && DHCP_DOES_ARP_CHECK)
    /* DHCP wants to know about ARP replies to our wanna-have-address */
    if (for_us) dhcp_arp_reply(netif, &sipaddr);
#endif
    break;
  default:
    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_arp_input: ARP unknown opcode type %d\n", htons(hdr->opcode)));
    break;
  }
  /* free ARP packet */
  pbuf_free(p);
}

/**
 * Resolve and fill-in Ethernet address header for outgoing packet.
 *
 * If ARP has the Ethernet address in cache, the given packet is
 * returned, ready to be sent.
 *
 * If ARP does not have the Ethernet address in cache the packet is
 * queued (if enabled and space available) and a ARP request is sent.
 * This ARP request is returned as a pbuf, which should be sent by
 * the caller.
 *
 * A returned non-NULL packet should be sent by the caller.
 *
 * If ARP failed to allocate resources, NULL is returned.
 *
 * @param netif The lwIP network interface which the IP packet will be sent on.
 * @param ipaddr The IP address of the packet destination.
 * @param pbuf The pbuf(s) containing the IP packet to be sent.
 *
 * @return If non-NULL, a packet ready to be sent by caller.
 *
 * @return
 * - ERR_BUF Could not make room for Ethernet header.
 * - ERR_MEM Hardware address unknown, and no more ARP entries available
 *   to query for address or queue the packet.
 * - ERR_RTE No route to destination (no gateway to external networks).
 */
err_t
etharp_output(struct netif *netif, struct ip_addr *ipaddr, struct pbuf *q)
{
  struct eth_addr *dest, *srcaddr, mcastaddr;
  struct eth_hdr *ethhdr;
  err_t result = ERR_OK;

  /* make room for Ethernet header - should not fail */
  if (pbuf_header(q, sizeof(struct eth_hdr)) != 0) {
    /* bail out */
    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE | 2, ("etharp_output: could not allocate room for header.\n"));
    LINK_STATS_INC(link.lenerr);
    return ERR_BUF;
  }

  /* assume unresolved Ethernet address */
  dest = NULL;
  /* Determine on destination hardware address. Broadcasts and multicasts
   * are special, other IP addresses are looked up in the ARP table. */

  /* destination IP address is an IP broadcast address? */
  if (ip_addr_isany(ipaddr) || ip_addr_isbroadcast(ipaddr, netif)) {
    /* broadcast on Ethernet also */
    dest = (struct eth_addr *)&ethbroadcast;
  /* destination IP address is an IP multicast address? */
  } else if (ip_addr_ismulticast(ipaddr)) {
    /* Hash IP multicast address to MAC address. */
    mcastaddr.addr[0] = 0x01;
    mcastaddr.addr[1] = 0x00;
    mcastaddr.addr[2] = 0x5e;
    mcastaddr.addr[3] = ip4_addr2(ipaddr) & 0x7f;
    mcastaddr.addr[4] = ip4_addr3(ipaddr);
    mcastaddr.addr[5] = ip4_addr4(ipaddr);
    /* destination Ethernet address is multicast */
    dest = &mcastaddr;
  /* destination IP address is an IP unicast address */
  } else {
    /* outside local network? */
    if (!ip_addr_maskcmp(ipaddr, &(netif->ip_addr), &(netif->netmask))) {
      /* interface has default gateway? */
      if (netif->gw.addr != 0) {
        /* send to hardware address of default gateway IP address */
        ipaddr = &(netif->gw);
      /* no default gateway available */
      } else {
        /* no route to destination error */
        return ERR_RTE;
      }
    }
    /* queue on destination Ethernet address belonging to ipaddr */
    return etharp_query(netif, ipaddr, q);
  }

  /* destination Ethernet address known */
  if (dest != NULL) {
    u8_t i;
    /* obtain source Ethernet address of the given interface */
    srcaddr = (struct eth_addr *)netif->hwaddr;
    /* A valid IP->MAC address mapping was found, fill in the
     * Ethernet header for the outgoing packet */
    ethhdr = q->payload;
    for (i = 0; i < netif->hwaddr_len; i++) {
      ethhdr->dest.addr[i] = dest->addr[i];
      ethhdr->src.addr[i] = srcaddr->addr[i];
    }
    ethhdr->type = htons(ETHTYPE_IP);
    /* send packet */
    result = netif->linkoutput(netif, q);
  }
  return result;
}

/**
 * Send an ARP request for the given IP address and/or queue a packet.
 *
 * If the IP address was not yet in the cache, a pending ARP cache entry
 * is added and an ARP request is sent for the given address. The packet
 * is queued on this entry.
 *
 * If the IP address was already pending in the cache, a new ARP request
 * is sent for the given address. The packet is queued on this entry.
 *
 * If the IP address was already stable in the cache, and a packet is
 * given, it is directly sent and no ARP request is sent out. 
 * 
 * If the IP address was already stable in the cache, and no packet is
 * given, an ARP request is sent out.
 * 
 * @param netif The lwIP network interface on which ipaddr
 * must be queried for.
 * @param ipaddr The IP address to be resolved.
 * @param q If non-NULL, a pbuf that must be delivered to the IP address.
 * q is not freed by this function.
 *
 * @return
 * - ERR_BUF Could not make room for Ethernet header.
 * - ERR_MEM Hardware address unknown, and no more ARP entries available
 *   to query for address or queue the packet.
 * - ERR_MEM Could not queue packet due to memory shortage.
 * - ERR_RTE No route to destination (no gateway to external networks).
 * - ERR_ARG Non-unicast address given, those will not appear in ARP cache.
 *
 */
err_t etharp_query(struct netif *netif, struct ip_addr *ipaddr, struct pbuf *q)
{
  struct pbuf *p;
  struct eth_addr * srcaddr = (struct eth_addr *)netif->hwaddr;
  err_t result = ERR_MEM;
  s8_t i; /* ARP entry index */
  u8_t k; /* Ethernet address octet index */

  /* non-unicast address? */
  if (ip_addr_isany(ipaddr) ||
      ip_addr_isbroadcast(ipaddr, netif) ||
      ip_addr_ismulticast(ipaddr)) {
    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: will not add non-unicast IP address to ARP cache\n"));
    return ERR_ARG;
  }

  /* find entry in ARP cache, ask to create entry if queueing packet */
  i = find_entry(ipaddr, (q != NULL) ? ETHARP_CREATE : 0);

  /* could not find or create entry? */
  if (i < 0) return (err_t)i;

  /* mark a fresh entry as pending (we just sent a request) */
  if (arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_EMPTY) {
    arp_table[i].state = ETHARP_STATE_PENDING;
  }

  /* { i is either a STABLE or (new or existing) PENDING entry } */
  LWIP_ASSERT("arp_table[i].state == PENDING or STABLE",
  ((arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_PENDING) ||
   (arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_STABLE)));

  /* do we have a pending entry? */
  if ((arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_PENDING) || (q == NULL)) {
    /* try to resolve it; send out ARP request */
    result = etharp_request(netif, ipaddr);
  }
  
  /* packet given? */
  if (q != NULL) {
    /* stable entry? */
    if (arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_STABLE) {
      /* we have a valid IP->Ethernet address mapping,
       * fill in the Ethernet header for the outgoing packet */
      struct eth_hdr *ethhdr = q->payload;
      for(k = 0; k < netif->hwaddr_len; k++) {
        ethhdr->dest.addr[k] = arp_table[i].ethaddr.addr[k];
        ethhdr->src.addr[k]  = srcaddr->addr[k];
      }
      ethhdr->type = htons(ETHTYPE_IP);
      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: sending packet %p\n", (void *)q));
      /* send the packet */
      result = netif->linkoutput(netif, q);
    /* pending entry? (either just created or already pending */
    } else if (arp_table[i].state == ETHARP_STATE_PENDING) {
#if ARP_QUEUEING /* queue the given q packet */
      /* copy any PBUF_REF referenced payloads into PBUF_RAM */
      /* (the caller of lwIP assumes the referenced payload can be
       * freed after it returns from the lwIP call that brought us here) */
      p = pbuf_take(q);
      /* packet could be taken over? */
      if (p != NULL) {
        /* queue packet */
        pbuf_queue(arp_table[i].p, p);
        LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: queued packet %p on ARP entry %d\n", (void *)q, i));
        result = ERR_OK;
      } else {
        LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: could not queue a copy of PBUF_REF packet %p (out of memory)\n", (void *)q));
        /* { result == ERR_MEM } through initialization */
      }
#else /* ARP_QUEUEING == 0 */
      /* q && state == PENDING && ARP_QUEUEING == 0 => result = ERR_MEM */
      /* { result == ERR_MEM } through initialization */
      LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_query: Ethernet destination address unknown, queueing disabled, packet %p dropped\n", (void *)q));
#endif
    }
  }
  return result;
}

err_t etharp_request(struct netif *netif, struct ip_addr *ipaddr)
{
  struct pbuf *p;
  struct eth_addr * srcaddr = (struct eth_addr *)netif->hwaddr;
  err_t result = ERR_OK;
  u8_t k; /* ARP entry index */

  /* allocate a pbuf for the outgoing ARP request packet */
  p = pbuf_alloc(PBUF_LINK, sizeof(struct etharp_hdr), PBUF_RAM);
  /* could allocate a pbuf for an ARP request? */
  if (p != NULL) {
    struct etharp_hdr *hdr = p->payload;
    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE, ("etharp_request: sending ARP request.\n"));
    hdr->opcode = htons(ARP_REQUEST);
    for (k = 0; k < netif->hwaddr_len; k++)
    {
      hdr->shwaddr.addr[k] = srcaddr->addr[k];
      /* the hardware address is what we ask for, in
       * a request it is a don't-care value, we use zeroes */
      hdr->dhwaddr.addr[k] = 0x00;
    }
    hdr->dipaddr = *(struct ip_addr2 *)ipaddr;
    hdr->sipaddr = *(struct ip_addr2 *)&netif->ip_addr;

    hdr->hwtype = htons(HWTYPE_ETHERNET);
    ARPH_HWLEN_SET(hdr, netif->hwaddr_len);

    hdr->proto = htons(ETHTYPE_IP);
    ARPH_PROTOLEN_SET(hdr, sizeof(struct ip_addr));
    for (k = 0; k < netif->hwaddr_len; ++k)
    {
      /* broadcast to all network interfaces on the local network */
      hdr->ethhdr.dest.addr[k] = 0xff;
      hdr->ethhdr.src.addr[k] = srcaddr->addr[k];
    }
    hdr->ethhdr.type = htons(ETHTYPE_ARP);
    /* send ARP query */
    result = netif->linkoutput(netif, p);
    /* free ARP query packet */
    pbuf_free(p);
    p = NULL;
  /* could not allocate pbuf for ARP request */
  } else {
    result = ERR_MEM;
    LWIP_DEBUGF(ETHARP_DEBUG | DBG_TRACE | 2, ("etharp_request: could not allocate pbuf for ARP request.\n"));
  }
  return result;
}