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<html><head><title>The XML Declaration (Perl and XML)</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/style1.css" /><meta name="DC.Creator" content="Erik T. Ray and Jason McIntosh" /><meta name="DC.Format" content="text/xml" scheme="MIME" /><meta name="DC.Language" content="en-US" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc." /><meta name="DC.Source" scheme="ISBN" content="059600205XL" /><meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="stuff" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="Perl and XML" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text.Monograph" /></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff"><img alt="Book Home" border="0" src="gifs/smbanner.gif" usemap="#banner-map" /><map name="banner-map"><area shape="rect" coords="1,-2,616,66" href="index.htm" alt="Perl & XML" /><area shape="rect" coords="629,-11,726,25" href="jobjects/fsearch.htm" alt="Search this book" /></map><div class="navbar"><table width="684" border="0"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch02_06.htm"><img alt="Previous" border="0" src="../gifs/txtpreva.gif" /></a></td><td align="center" valign="top" width="228" /><td align="right" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch02_08.htm"><img alt="Next" border="0" src="../gifs/txtnexta.gif" /></a></td></tr></table></div><h2 class="sect1">2.7. The XML Declaration</h2><p>After<a name="INDEX-124" /><a name="INDEX-125" />reading about character encodings, an astute reader may wonder how todeclare the encoding in the document so an XML processor knows whichone you're using. The answer is: declare thedecoding in the <em class="emphasis">XML declaration</em>. The XMLdeclaration is a line at the very top of a document that describesthe kind of markup you're using, including XMLversion, character encoding, and whether the document requires anexternal subset of the DTD. The declaration looks like this:</p><blockquote><pre class="code"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf8" standalone="yes"?></pre></blockquote><p>The declaration is optional, as are each of its parameters (exceptfor the required <tt class="literal">version</tt> attribute). The encodingparameter is important only if you use a character encoding otherthan UTF-8 (since it's the default encoding). Ifexplicitly set to <tt class="literal">"yes"</tt>, the standalonedeclaration causes a <tt class="literal">validating</tt> parser to raise anerror if the document references external entities.</p><hr width="684" align="left" /><div class="navbar"><table width="684" border="0"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch02_06.htm"><img alt="Previous" border="0" src="../gifs/txtpreva.gif" /></a></td><td align="center" valign="top" width="228"><a href="index.htm"><img alt="Home" border="0" src="../gifs/txthome.gif" /></a></td><td align="right" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch02_08.htm"><img alt="Next" border="0" src="../gifs/txtnexta.gif" /></a></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="228">2.6. Unicode, Character Sets, and Encodings</td><td align="center" valign="top" width="228"><a href="index/index.htm"><img alt="Book Index" border="0" src="../gifs/index.gif" /></a></td><td align="right" valign="top" width="228">2.8. Processing Instructions and Other Markup</td></tr></table></div><hr width="684" align="left" /><img alt="Library Navigation Links" border="0" src="../gifs/navbar.gif" usemap="#library-map" /><p><p><font size="-1"><a href="copyrght.htm">Copyright © 2002</a> O'Reilly & Associates. All rights reserved.</font></p><map name="library-map"><area shape="rect" coords="1,0,85,94" href="../index.htm"><area shape="rect" coords="86,1,178,103" href="../lwp/index.htm"><area shape="rect" coords="180,0,265,103" href="../lperl/index.htm"><area shape="rect" coords="267,0,353,105" href="../perlnut/index.htm"><area shape="rect" coords="354,1,446,115" href="../prog/index.htm"><area shape="rect" coords="448,0,526,132" href="../tk/index.htm"><area shape="rect" coords="528,1,615,119" href="../cookbook/index.htm"><area shape="rect" coords="617,0,690,135" href="../pxml/index.htm"></map></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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