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📄 ch08_177.htm

📁 by Randal L. Schwartz and Tom Phoenix ISBN 0-596-00132-0 Third Edition, published July 2001. (See
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</td><td><p>Identical to C function <tt class="literal">tanh(3)</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">tcdrain</tt></p></td><td><p>Similar to C function <tt class="literal">tcdrain(3)</tt>; returns<tt class="literal">undef</tt> on failure</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">tcflow</tt></p></td><td><p>Similar to C function <tt class="literal">tcflow(3)</tt>; returns<tt class="literal">undef</tt> on failure</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">tcflush</tt></p></td><td><p>Similar to C function <tt class="literal">tcflush(3)</tt>; returns<tt class="literal">undef</tt> on failure</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">tcgetpgrp</tt></p></td><td><p>Identical to C function <tt class="literal">tcgetpgrp(3)</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">tcsendbreak</tt></p></td><td><p>Similar to C function <tt class="literal">tcsendbreak(3)</tt>; returns<tt class="literal">undef</tt> on failure</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">tcsetpgrp</tt></p></td><td><p>Similar to C function <tt class="literal">tcsetpgrp(3)</tt>; returns<tt class="literal">undef</tt> on failure</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">time</tt></p></td><td><p>Identical to Perl's <tt class="literal">time</tt> function</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">times</tt></p></td><td><p>Returns, in clock ticks, elapsed realtime since a point in the past,user and system times for this process, and user and system times forchild processes</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">tmpfile</tt></p></td><td><p>Uses method <tt class="literal">FileHandle::new_tmpfile</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">tmpnam</tt></p></td><td><p>Returns a name for a temporary file</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">tolower</tt></p></td><td><p>Identical to Perl's <tt class="literal">lc</tt> function</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">toupper</tt></p></td><td><p>Identical to Perl's <tt class="literal">uc</tt> function</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">ttyname</tt></p></td><td><p>Identical to C function <tt class="literal">ttyname(3)</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">tzname</tt></p></td><td><p>Retrieves time conversion information from the<tt class="literal">tzname</tt> variable</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">tzset</tt></p></td><td><p>Identical to C function <tt class="literal">tzset(3)</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">umask</tt></p></td><td><p>Identical to Perl's <tt class="literal">umask</tt> function</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">uname</tt></p></td><td><p>Gets name of current operating system</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">ungetc</tt></p></td><td><p>Uses method <tt class="literal">FileHandle::ungetc</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">unlink</tt></p></td><td><p>Identical to Perl's <tt class="literal">unlink</tt>function</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">utime</tt></p></td><td><p>Identical to Perl's <tt class="literal">utime</tt> function</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">vfprintf</tt></p></td><td><p>C-specific</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">vprintf</tt></p></td><td><p>C-specific</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">vsprintf</tt></p></td><td><p>C-specific</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">wait</tt></p></td><td><p>Identical to Perl's <tt class="literal">wait</tt> function</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">waitpid</tt></p></td><td><p>Waits for child process to change state; identical toPerl's <tt class="literal">waitpid</tt> function</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">wcstombs</tt></p></td><td><p>Identical to C function <tt class="literal">wcstombs(3)</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">wctomb</tt></p></td><td><p>Identical to C function <tt class="literal">wctomb(3)</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">write</tt></p></td><td><p>Writes to file; returns <tt class="literal">undef</tt> on failure</p></td></tr></table><p><p>The following sections show the classes that are defined and theirmethods.</p><a name="perlnut2-CHP-8-SECT-177.1" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">8.177.1. POSIX::SigAction</h3><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>new</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">sigaction</em> = POSIX::SigAction-&gt;new(<em class="replaceable">sigsub</em>, <em class="replaceable">sigset</em>, <em class="replaceable">flags</em>)</pre><p>Constructor. Creates a new POSIX::SigAction object. Takes thefollowing arguments:</p><dl><dt><i><em class="replaceable"><tt>sigsub</tt></em></i></dt><dd>The fully qualified name of a signal-handler subroutine</p></dd><dt><i><em class="replaceable"><tt>sigset</tt></em></i></dt><dd>A POSIX::SigSet object</p></dd><dt><i><em class="replaceable"><tt>flags</tt></em></i></dt><dd>The <tt class="literal">sa_flags</tt></p></dd></dl></div></div><a name="perlnut2-CHP-8-SECT-177.2" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">8.177.2. POSIX::SigSet</h3><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>new</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">sigset</em> = POSIX::SigSet-&gt;new[(  )]</pre><p>Constructor. Creates new SigSet object. Optional arguments are usedto initialize the set.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>addset</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">sigset</em>-&gt;addset(<em class="replaceable">sig</em>)</pre><p>Adds signal <em class="replaceable">sig</em> to SigSet object; returns<tt class="literal">undef</tt> on failure.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>delset</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">sigset</em>-&gt;delset(<em class="replaceable">sig</em>)</pre><p>Removes signal <em class="replaceable">sig</em> from SigSet object;returns <tt class="literal">undef</tt> on failure.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>emptyset</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">sigset</em>-&gt;emptyset(  )</pre><p>Initializes SigSet object to empty; returns <tt class="literal">undef</tt>on failure.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>fillset</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">sigset</em>-&gt;fillset(  )</pre><p>Initializes SigSet object to include all signals; returns<tt class="literal">undef</tt> on failure.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>ismember</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">sigset</em>-&gt;ismember(<em class="replaceable">sig</em>)</pre><p>Tests SigSet object for a specific signal<em class="replaceable"><tt>sig</tt></em>.</p></div></div><a name="perlnut2-CHP-8-SECT-177.3" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">8.177.3. POSIX::Termios</h3><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>new</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">termios</em> = POSIX::Termios-&gt;new</pre><p>Constructor. Creates new Termios object.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>getattr</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;getattr([<em class="replaceable">fd</em>])</pre><p>Gets terminal control attributes for a given<em class="replaceable"><tt>fd</tt></em> (default is <tt class="literal">0</tt> forSTDIN); returns <tt class="literal">undef</tt> on failure.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>getcc</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">c_cc</em>[<em class="replaceable">ind</em>] = $<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;getcc(<em class="replaceable">ind</em>)</pre><p>Retrieves value from the <em class="replaceable">c_cc</em> field of aTermios object. Takes index <em class="replaceable"><tt>ind</tt></em> since<tt class="literal">@</tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>c_cc</tt></em> is an array.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>getcflag</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">c_cflag</em> = $<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;getcflag</pre><p>Retrieves <em class="replaceable">c_cflag</em> field of a Termiosobject.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>getiflag</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">c_iflag</em> = $<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;getiflag</pre><p>Retrieves <em class="replaceable">c_iflag</em> field of a Termiosobject.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>getispeed</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">ispeed</em> = $<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;getispeed</pre><p>Retrieves input baud rate.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>getlflag</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>getlflag $c_lflag = $termios-&gt;getlflag</pre><p>Retrieves <em class="replaceable">c_lflag</em> field of a Termiosobject.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>getoflag</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">c_oflag</em> = $<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;getoflag</pre><p>Retrieves <em class="replaceable">c_oflag</em> field of a Termiosobject.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>getospeed</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">ospeed</em> = $<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;getospeed</pre><p>Retrieves output baud rate.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>setattr</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;setattr(<em class="replaceable">fd</em>, <em class="replaceable">option</em>)</pre><p>Sets terminal control attributes for a given<em class="replaceable"><tt>fd</tt></em>; returns <tt class="literal">undef</tt> onfailure. <em class="replaceable"><tt>option</tt></em> tells when to set theattributes and is one of <tt class="literal">TCSADRAIN</tt>,<tt class="literal">TCSAFLUSH</tt>, or <tt class="literal">TCSANOW</tt>.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>setcc</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;setcc(<em class="replaceable">ind</em>, <em class="replaceable">value</em>)</pre><p>Sets <em class="replaceable">value</em> in the<em class="replaceable"><tt>c_cc</tt></em> field, indexed by<em class="replaceable"><tt>ind</tt></em>, of a Termios object.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>setcflag</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;setcflag(<em class="replaceable">flag</em>)</pre><p>Sets <em class="replaceable">flag</em> in the<em class="replaceable"><tt>c_cflag</tt></em> field of a Termios object.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>setiflag</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;setiflag(<em class="replaceable">flag</em>)</pre><p>Sets <em class="replaceable">flag</em> in the<em class="replaceable"><tt>c_iflag</tt></em> field of a Termios object.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>setispeed</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;setispeed(<em class="replaceable">value</em>)</pre><p>Sets input baud rate to <em class="replaceable">value</em>; returns<tt class="literal">undef</tt> on failure.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>setlflag</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;setlflag(<em class="replaceable">flag</em>)</pre><p>Sets <em class="replaceable">flag</em> in the<em class="replaceable"><tt>c_lflag</tt></em> field of a Termios object.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>setoflag</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;setoflag(<em class="replaceable">flag</em>)</pre><p>Sets <em class="replaceable">flag</em> in the<em class="replaceable"><tt>c_oflag</tt></em> field of a Termios object.</p></div><div class="refentry"><table width="515" border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td align="left"><font size="+1"><b>setospeed</b></font></td><td align="right"><i></i></td></tr></table><hr width="515" size="3" noshade="true" align="left" color="black" /><pre>$<em class="replaceable">termios</em>-&gt;setospeed(<em class="replaceable">value</em>)</pre><p>Sets the output baud rate to <em class="replaceable">value</em>;returns <tt class="literal">undef</tt> on failure.</p></div></div><a name="perlnut2-CHP-8-SECT-177.4" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">8.177.4. Constants</h3><p>The following constants are associated with the Termios class:</p><dl><dt><i>Baud rate values</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">B0  B75  B134 B200 B600  B1800 B4800 B19200B50 B110 B150 B300 B1200 B2400 B9600 B38400</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i><em class="replaceable"><tt>c_cc index</em> <em class="emphasis">values</tt></em></i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">VEOF VERASE VKILL VSUSP  VSTOP VTIME VEOL VINTR  VQUIT VSTART VMIN  NCCS</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i><em class="replaceable"><tt>c_cflag</em> <em class="emphasis">field values</tt></em></i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">CLOCAL CSIZE CS6 CS8    HUPCL  PARODDCREAD  CS5   CS7 CSTOPS PARENB</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i><em class="replaceable"><tt>c_iflag</em> <em class="emphasis">field values</tt></em></i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">BRKINT IGNBRK IGNPAR INPCK  IXOFF PARMRKICRNL  IGNCR  INLCR  ISTRIP IXON</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i><em class="replaceable"><tt>c_lflag</em> <em class="emphasis">field values</tt></em></i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">ECHO  ECHONL ISIG  ECHOE ICANON NOFLSHECHOK IEXTEN TOSTOP</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i><em class="replaceable"><tt>c_oflag</em> <em class="emphasis">field values</tt></em></i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">OPOST</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Terminal interface values</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">TCSADRAIN TCIOFLUSH TCIFLUSH TCSANOW   TCOFLUSH  TCSAFLUSH TCOON     TCION     TCIOFF</pre></blockquote></dd></dl><p>The following are other constants defined in the POSIX module:</p><dl><dt><i>Pathname constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">_PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED  _PC_LINK_MAX  _PC_MAX_CANON_PC_MAX_INPUT         _PC_NAME_MAX  _PC_NO_TRUNC_PC_PATH_MAX          _PC_PIPE_BUF  _PC_VDISABLE</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>POSIX constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">_POSIX_ARG_MAX      _POSIX_CHILD_MAX  _POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED _POSIX_JOB_CONTROL  _POSIX_LINK_MAX   _POSIX_MAX_CANON_POSIX_MAX_INPUT    _POSIX_NAME_MAX   _POSIX_NGROUPS_MAX_POSIX_NO_TRUNC     _POSIX_OPEN_MAX   _POSIX_PATH_MAX_POSIX_PIPE_BUF     _POSIX_SAVED_IDS  _POSIX_SSIZE_MAX_POSIX_STREAM_MAX   _POSIX_TZNAME_MAX _POSIX_VDISABLE  _POSIX_VERSION</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>System configuration</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">_SC_ARG_MAX      _SC_CHILD_MAX  _SC_CLK_TCK    _SC_JOB_CONTROL_SC_NGROUPS_MAX  _SC_OPEN_MAX   _SC_SAVED_IDS  _SC_STREAM_MAX_SC_TZNAME_MAX   _SC_VERSION</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Error constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">E2BIG   EACCES  EAGAIN    EBADF   EBUSY         ECHILD  EDEADLKEDOM    EEXIST  EFAUL     EFBIG   EINTR         EINVAL  EIO     EISDIR  EMFILE    EMLINK  ENAMETOOLONG  ENFILE  ENODE   ENOENT  ENOEXEC   ENOLCK  ENOMEM        ENOSPC  ENOSYS  ENOTDIR ENOTEMPTY ENOTTY  ENXIO         EPERM  EPIPE   ERANGE  EROFS     ESPIPE  ESRCH         EXDEV</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>File control constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">FD_CLOEXEC  F_DUPFD    F_GETFD   F_GETFL  F_GETLK   F_OKF_RDLCK     F_SETFD    F_SETFL   F_SETLK  F_SETLKW  F_UNLCKF_WRLCK     O_ACCMODE  O_APPEND  O_CREAT  O_EXCL    O_NOCTTYO_NONBLOCK  O_RDONLY   O_RDWR    O_TRUNC  O_WRONLY</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Floating-point constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">DBL_DIG         DBL_EPSILON     DBL_MANT_DIG  DBL_MAXDBL_MAX_10_EXP  DBL_MAX_EXP     DBL_MIN       DBL_MIN_10_EXPDBL_MIN_EXP     FLT_DIG         FLT_EPSILON   FLT_MANT_DIGFLT_MAX         FLT_MAX_10_EXP  FLT_MAX_EXP   FLT_MINFLT_MIN_10_EXP  FLT_MIN_EXP     FLT_RADIX     FLT_ROUNDSLDBL_DIG        LDBL_EPSILON    LDBL_MANT_DIG LDBL_MAXLDBL_MAX_10_EXP LDBL_MAX_EXP    LDBL_MIN      LDBL_MIN_10_EXPLDBL_MIN_EXP</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Limit constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">ARG_MAX    CHAR_BIT  CHAR_MAX    CHAR_MIN    CHILD_MAXINT_MAX    INT_MIN   LINK_MAX    LONG_MAX    LONG_MINMAX_CANON  MAX_INPUT MB_LEN_MAX  NAME_MAX    NGROUPS_MAXOPEN_MAX   PATH_MAX  PIPE_BUF    SCHAR_MAX   SCHAR_MINSHRT_MAX   SHRT_MIN  SSIZE_MAX   STREAM_MAX  TZNAME_MAXUCHAR_MAX  UINT_MAX  ULONG_MAX   USHRT_MAX</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Locale constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">LC_ALL  LC_COLLATE  LC_CTYPE  LC_MONETARY  LC_NUMERIC  LC_TIME</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Math constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">HUGE_VAL</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Signal constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">SA_NOCLDSTOP SIGABRT    SIGALRM    SIGCHLD  SIGCONT  SIGFPESIGHUP       SIGILL     SIGINT     SIGKILL  SIGPIPE  SIGQUITSIGSEGV      SIGSTOP    SIGTERM    SIGTSTP  SIGTTIN  SIGTTOUSIGUSR1      SIGUSR2    SIG_BLOCK  SIG_DFL  SIG_ERR  SIG_IGNSIG_SETMASK  SIG_UNBLOCK</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Stat constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">S_IRGRP  S_IROTH  S_IRUSR  S_IRWXG  S_IRWXO  S_IRWXU  S_ISGIDS_ISUID  S_IWGRP  S_IWOTH  S_IWUSR  S_IXGRP  S_IXOTH  S_IXUSR</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Stat macros</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">S_ISBLK  S_ISCHR  S_ISDIR  S_ISFIFO  S_ISREG</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Stdlib constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">EXIT_FAILURE  EXIT_SUCCESS  MB_CUR_MAX  RAND_MAX</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Stdio constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">BUFSIZ  EOF  FILENAME_MAX  L_ctermid  L_cuserid  L_tmpname  TMP_MAX</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Time constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">CLK_TCK  CLOCKS_PER_SEC</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Unistd constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">R_OK   SEEK_CUR  SEEK_END       SEEK_SET  STDIN_FILENOSTDOUT_FILENO    STRERR_FILENO  W_OK      X_OK</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Wait constants</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">WNOHANG  WUNTRACED</pre></blockquote></dd><dt><i>Wait macros</i></dt><dd><blockquote><pre class="code">WIFEXITED  WEXITSTATUS  WIFSIGNALED  WTERMSIG   WIFSTOPPED   WSTOPSIG</pre></blockquote></dd></dl></div><hr width="684" align="left" /><div class="navbar"><table width="684" border="0"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch08_176.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtpreva.gif" alt="Previous" border="0" /></a></td><td align="center" valign="top" width="228"><a href="index.htm"><img src="../gifs/txthome.gif" alt="Home" border="0" /></a></td><td align="right" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch08_178.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtnexta.gif" alt="Next" border="0" /></a></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="228">8.176. 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