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<html><head><title>English (Perl in a Nutshell, 2nd Edition)</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/style1.css" /><meta name="DC.Creator" content="Stephen Spainhour" /><meta name="DC.Format" content="text/xml" scheme="MIME" /><meta name="DC.Language" content="en-US" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc." /><meta name="DC.Source" scheme="ISBN" content="0596002416L" /><meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="stuff" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="Perl in a Nutshell, 2nd Edition" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text.Monograph" /></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff"><img src="gifs/smbanner.gif" usemap="#banner-map" border="0" alt="Book Home" /><map name="banner-map"><area shape="rect" coords="1,-2,616,66" href="index.htm" alt="Java and XSLT" /><area shape="rect" coords="629,-11,726,25" href="jobjects/fsearch.htm" alt="Search this book" /></map><div class="navbar"><table width="684" border="0"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch08_62.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtpreva.gif" alt="Previous" border="0" /></a></td><td align="center" valign="top" width="228" /><td align="right" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch08_64.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtnexta.gif" alt="Next" border="0" /></a></td></tr></table></div><h2 class="sect1">8.63. English</h2><p><a name="INDEX-1395" />Providesaliases for the Perl built-in special variables. Everything elseabout the variables and their use remains the same. Be aware, though,that using the English module significantly slows down a program forregular expressions.</p><p>Some of the Perl variables match some <em class="emphasis">awk</em>built-in variables. For those cases, you'll find twoEnglish names: a short version (which is the <em class="emphasis">awk</em>name) and a longer version. For example, you can use either<tt class="literal">$ERRNO</tt> (the <em class="emphasis">awk</em> name) or<tt class="literal">$OS_ERROR</tt> to refer to the Perl variable<tt class="literal">$!</tt>.</p><p>Here is the list of variables and their English alternatives:</p><a name="ch08-109-fm2xml" /><table border="1" cellpadding="3"><tr><th><p>Perl</p></th><th><p>English</p></th><th><p>Perl</p></th><th><p>English</p></th></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">@_</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">@ARG</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$?</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$CHILD_ERROR</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$_</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$ARG</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$!</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$OS_ERROR</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$%</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$MATCH</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$!</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$ERRNO</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$'</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$PREMATCH</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$@</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$EVAL_ERROR</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$</tt>'</p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$POSTMATCH</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$$</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$PROCESS_ID</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$+</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$LAST_PAREN_MATCH</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$$</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$PID</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$</tt>.</p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$INPUT_LINE_NUMBER</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$<</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$REAL_USER_ID</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$</tt>.</p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$NR</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$<</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$UID</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$/</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$></tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$/</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$RS</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$></tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$EUID</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$|</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$(</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$REAL_GROUP_ID</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$</tt>,</p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$(</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$GID</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$</tt>,</p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$OFS</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$)</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$\</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$)</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$EGID</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$\</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$ORS</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$0</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$PROGRAM_NAME</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$</tt>"</p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$LIST_SEPARATOR</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$]</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$PERL_VERSION</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$;</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$^A</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$ACCUMULATOR</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$;</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$SUBSEP</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$^D</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$DEBUGGING</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$%</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$^F</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$SYSTEM_FD_MAX</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$=</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$^I</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$INPLACE_EDIT</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$-</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$^P</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$PERLDB</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$~</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$FORMAT_NAME</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$^T</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$BASETIME</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$^</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$FORMAT_TOP_NAME</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$^W</tt></p></td><td><p>$WARNING</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$</tt>:</p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$^X</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$EXECUTABLE_NAME</tt></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><tt class="literal">$^L</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$FORMAT_LINEFEED</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$^O</tt></p></td><td><p><tt class="literal">$OSNAME</tt></p></td></tr></table><p><hr width="684" align="left" /><div class="navbar"><table width="684" border="0"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch08_62.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtpreva.gif" alt="Previous" border="0" /></a></td><td align="center" valign="top" width="228"><a href="index.htm"><img src="../gifs/txthome.gif" alt="Home" border="0" /></a></td><td align="right" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch08_64.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtnexta.gif" 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